Association Between Anxiety and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients
Background Anxiety is highly prevalent among patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the biologic effects that may connect these two seemingly unrelated disorders is not well understood. Objective This study aimed for a comprehensive evaluation of anxiety in stable CHD patients,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Psychosomatics (Washington, D.C.) D.C.), 2009-07, Vol.50 (4), p.347-353 |
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| description | Background Anxiety is highly prevalent among patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the biologic effects that may connect these two seemingly unrelated disorders is not well understood. Objective This study aimed for a comprehensive evaluation of anxiety in stable CHD patients, in addition to cardiac biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin T, and amino-terminal pro-B-type brain natriuretic peptide. Method The study included 43 CHD patients with anxiety disorder and 42 CHD patients without psychiatric disorder given the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV. Results Regression analyses showed an association between anxiety (anxiety disorder, not otherwise specified) and CRP levels, despite model adjustment for various related demographic and clinical variables. Anxiety was associated with CRP levels. Conclusion There are significant associations between anxiety and CHD risk, with a potential biologic link between anxiety and elevations in a biomarker with powerful prognostic risk, namely CRP. It is not clear whether this association is directly causal or relates to other medical processes among patients with heightened anxiety. The findings suggest that the current focus on depressive disorders with respect to biomarkers and CHD outcomes should be broadened to include anxiety disorders, as well. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1176/appi.psy.50.4.347 |
| format | Article |
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However, the biologic effects that may connect these two seemingly unrelated disorders is not well understood. Objective This study aimed for a comprehensive evaluation of anxiety in stable CHD patients, in addition to cardiac biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin T, and amino-terminal pro-B-type brain natriuretic peptide. Method The study included 43 CHD patients with anxiety disorder and 42 CHD patients without psychiatric disorder given the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV. Results Regression analyses showed an association between anxiety (anxiety disorder, not otherwise specified) and CRP levels, despite model adjustment for various related demographic and clinical variables. Anxiety was associated with CRP levels. Conclusion There are significant associations between anxiety and CHD risk, with a potential biologic link between anxiety and elevations in a biomarker with powerful prognostic risk, namely CRP. It is not clear whether this association is directly causal or relates to other medical processes among patients with heightened anxiety. The findings suggest that the current focus on depressive disorders with respect to biomarkers and CHD outcomes should be broadened to include anxiety disorders, as well.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0033-3182</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1545-7206</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1176/appi.psy.50.4.347</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19687175</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Arlington, VA: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Anxiety - drug therapy ; Anxiety - etiology ; Anxiety - metabolism ; Anxiety - psychology ; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - metabolism ; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Coronary Disease - complications ; Coronary Disease - metabolism ; Coronary Disease - psychology ; Coronary heart disease ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Miscellaneous ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain - metabolism ; Peptide Fragments - metabolism ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Troponin T - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Psychosomatics (Washington, D.C.), 2009-07, Vol.50 (4), p.347-353</ispartof><rights>The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine</rights><rights>2011 The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Jul/Aug 2009</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c538t-7199fbfa5d114e223a12cea32d3f895a21cb95fb8674d5bbc63543667d6cf67a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c538t-7199fbfa5d114e223a12cea32d3f895a21cb95fb8674d5bbc63543667d6cf67a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033318209708199$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21804469$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19687175$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bankier, Bettina, M.D., Sc.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barajas, Justine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martinez-Rumayor, Abelardo, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Januzzi, James L., M.D</creatorcontrib><title>Association Between Anxiety and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients</title><title>Psychosomatics (Washington, D.C.)</title><addtitle>Psychosomatics</addtitle><description>Background Anxiety is highly prevalent among patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the biologic effects that may connect these two seemingly unrelated disorders is not well understood. Objective This study aimed for a comprehensive evaluation of anxiety in stable CHD patients, in addition to cardiac biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin T, and amino-terminal pro-B-type brain natriuretic peptide. Method The study included 43 CHD patients with anxiety disorder and 42 CHD patients without psychiatric disorder given the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV. Results Regression analyses showed an association between anxiety (anxiety disorder, not otherwise specified) and CRP levels, despite model adjustment for various related demographic and clinical variables. Anxiety was associated with CRP levels. Conclusion There are significant associations between anxiety and CHD risk, with a potential biologic link between anxiety and elevations in a biomarker with powerful prognostic risk, namely CRP. It is not clear whether this association is directly causal or relates to other medical processes among patients with heightened anxiety. The findings suggest that the current focus on depressive disorders with respect to biomarkers and CHD outcomes should be broadened to include anxiety disorders, as well.</description><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Anxiety - drug therapy</subject><subject>Anxiety - etiology</subject><subject>Anxiety - metabolism</subject><subject>Anxiety - psychology</subject><subject>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - metabolism</subject><subject>C-Reactive Protein - metabolism</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - complications</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - metabolism</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - psychology</subject><subject>Coronary heart disease</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Natriuretic Peptide, Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Peptide Fragments - metabolism</subject><subject>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. 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However, the biologic effects that may connect these two seemingly unrelated disorders is not well understood. Objective This study aimed for a comprehensive evaluation of anxiety in stable CHD patients, in addition to cardiac biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin T, and amino-terminal pro-B-type brain natriuretic peptide. Method The study included 43 CHD patients with anxiety disorder and 42 CHD patients without psychiatric disorder given the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV. Results Regression analyses showed an association between anxiety (anxiety disorder, not otherwise specified) and CRP levels, despite model adjustment for various related demographic and clinical variables. Anxiety was associated with CRP levels. Conclusion There are significant associations between anxiety and CHD risk, with a potential biologic link between anxiety and elevations in a biomarker with powerful prognostic risk, namely CRP. It is not clear whether this association is directly causal or relates to other medical processes among patients with heightened anxiety. The findings suggest that the current focus on depressive disorders with respect to biomarkers and CHD outcomes should be broadened to include anxiety disorders, as well.</abstract><cop>Arlington, VA</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>19687175</pmid><doi>10.1176/appi.psy.50.4.347</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult and adolescent clinical studies Aged Analysis of Variance Anxiety - drug therapy Anxiety - etiology Anxiety - metabolism Anxiety - psychology Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - metabolism C-Reactive Protein - metabolism Cardiology. Vascular system Coronary Disease - complications Coronary Disease - metabolism Coronary Disease - psychology Coronary heart disease Cross-Sectional Studies Female Heart Humans Internal Medicine Male Medical sciences Miscellaneous Natriuretic Peptide, Brain - metabolism Peptide Fragments - metabolism Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Regression Analysis Risk Assessment Risk Factors Troponin T - metabolism |
| title | Association Between Anxiety and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients |
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