Immune activation and degradation of tryptophan in coronary heart disease
Background Inflammation and immune activation appear to be important in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cytokine interferon‐γ, which is released during cell‐mediated immune responses, induces indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme degrading tryptophan to kynurenine. Therefo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of clinical investigation 2003-07, Vol.33 (7), p.550-554 |
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| container_title | European journal of clinical investigation |
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| creator | Wirleitner, B. Rudzite, V. Neurauter, G. Murr, C. Kalnins, U. Erglis, A. Trusinskis, K. Fuchs, D. |
| description | Background Inflammation and immune activation appear to be important in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cytokine interferon‐γ, which is released during cell‐mediated immune responses, induces indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme degrading tryptophan to kynurenine. Therefore, immune stimulation is commonly associated with an increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (kyn trp−1) indicative for activated indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase and a measurable decline of tryptophan.
Methods Blood concentrations of kynurenine and free tryptophan and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio were examined in 35 patients with coronary heart disease verified by coronary angiography and compared with healthy controls. Patients were observed before percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (21 patients: one with artery disease, nine with 2‐ or 3‐artery disease, and five with restenosis).
Results and conclusions Decreased tryptophan concentrations were found in a significant proportion of coronary heart disease patients and coincided with increased kyn trp−1 and also with increased neopterin concentrations, indicating an activated cellular immune response. We conclude that in coronary heart disease immune activation is associated with an increased rate of tryptophan degradation and thereby lowered tryptophan levels. Results may provide a basis for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of mood disturbances and depression in coronary heart disease patients. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2003.01186.x |
| format | Article |
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Methods Blood concentrations of kynurenine and free tryptophan and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio were examined in 35 patients with coronary heart disease verified by coronary angiography and compared with healthy controls. Patients were observed before percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (21 patients: one with artery disease, nine with 2‐ or 3‐artery disease, and five with restenosis).
Results and conclusions Decreased tryptophan concentrations were found in a significant proportion of coronary heart disease patients and coincided with increased kyn trp−1 and also with increased neopterin concentrations, indicating an activated cellular immune response. We conclude that in coronary heart disease immune activation is associated with an increased rate of tryptophan degradation and thereby lowered tryptophan levels. Results may provide a basis for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of mood disturbances and depression in coronary heart disease patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0014-2972</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2362</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2003.01186.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12814390</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>3)-dioxygenase ; Aged ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Coronary Disease - immunology ; Coronary Disease - metabolism ; Coronary heart disease ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; indoleamine ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase ; interferon-γ ; Kynurenine - analysis ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; tryptophan ; Tryptophan - metabolism ; Tryptophan Oxygenase - analysis</subject><ispartof>European journal of clinical investigation, 2003-07, Vol.33 (7), p.550-554</ispartof><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd. Jul 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5266-54df20db17ecb1edf7b771789086d18fca46624abfd0071be35e375ba770ea5b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5266-54df20db17ecb1edf7b771789086d18fca46624abfd0071be35e375ba770ea5b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2362.2003.01186.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2362.2003.01186.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14898489$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12814390$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wirleitner, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rudzite, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neurauter, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murr, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalnins, U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erglis, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trusinskis, K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuchs, D.</creatorcontrib><title>Immune activation and degradation of tryptophan in coronary heart disease</title><title>European journal of clinical investigation</title><addtitle>Eur J Clin Invest</addtitle><description>Background Inflammation and immune activation appear to be important in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cytokine interferon‐γ, which is released during cell‐mediated immune responses, induces indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme degrading tryptophan to kynurenine. Therefore, immune stimulation is commonly associated with an increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (kyn trp−1) indicative for activated indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase and a measurable decline of tryptophan.
Methods Blood concentrations of kynurenine and free tryptophan and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio were examined in 35 patients with coronary heart disease verified by coronary angiography and compared with healthy controls. Patients were observed before percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (21 patients: one with artery disease, nine with 2‐ or 3‐artery disease, and five with restenosis).
Results and conclusions Decreased tryptophan concentrations were found in a significant proportion of coronary heart disease patients and coincided with increased kyn trp−1 and also with increased neopterin concentrations, indicating an activated cellular immune response. We conclude that in coronary heart disease immune activation is associated with an increased rate of tryptophan degradation and thereby lowered tryptophan levels. Results may provide a basis for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of mood disturbances and depression in coronary heart disease patients.</description><subject>3)-dioxygenase</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - immunology</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - metabolism</subject><subject>Coronary heart disease</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>indoleamine</subject><subject>Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase</subject><subject>interferon-γ</subject><subject>Kynurenine - analysis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>tryptophan</subject><subject>Tryptophan - metabolism</subject><subject>Tryptophan Oxygenase - analysis</subject><issn>0014-2972</issn><issn>1365-2362</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkEtv1DAURi0EokPhLyALCXYJfsSPLFigUVsGRmUBCHaWYzvUQ-IMdlJm_j0OGbUSqy4s-8rnu7r3AAAxKjGq-NtdiSlnBaGclAQhWiKMJS8Pj8Dq7uMxWCGEq4LUgpyBZyntEEISU_IUnGEicUVrtAKbTd9PwUFtRn-rRz8EqIOF1v2M2i710MIxHvfjsL_RAfoAzRCHoOMR3jgdR2h9cjq55-BJq7vkXpzuc_Dt8uLr-kOx_Xy1Wb_fFoYRzgtW2ZYg22DhTIOdbUUjBBayRpJbLFujK85JpZvWIiRw4yhzVLBGC4GcZg09B2-Wvvs4_J5cGlXvk3Fdp4MbpqQEpaImXGTw1X_gbphiyLMpXNeIEMZwhuQCmTikFF2r9tH3eTmFkZpdq52alapZqZpdq3-u1SFHX576T03v7H3wJDcDr0-ATkZ3bdTB-HTPVbKW-WTu3cL98Z07PngAdbHezK-cL5a8T6M73OV1_KWyBsHU9-sr9ekHwV_W24-K0b_RvqjB</recordid><startdate>200307</startdate><enddate>200307</enddate><creator>Wirleitner, B.</creator><creator>Rudzite, V.</creator><creator>Neurauter, G.</creator><creator>Murr, C.</creator><creator>Kalnins, U.</creator><creator>Erglis, A.</creator><creator>Trusinskis, K.</creator><creator>Fuchs, D.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200307</creationdate><title>Immune activation and degradation of tryptophan in coronary heart disease</title><author>Wirleitner, B. ; Rudzite, V. ; Neurauter, G. ; Murr, C. ; Kalnins, U. ; Erglis, A. ; Trusinskis, K. ; Fuchs, D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5266-54df20db17ecb1edf7b771789086d18fca46624abfd0071be35e375ba770ea5b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>3)-dioxygenase</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cardiology. Vascular system</topic><topic>Coronary Disease - immunology</topic><topic>Coronary Disease - metabolism</topic><topic>Coronary heart disease</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>indoleamine</topic><topic>Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase</topic><topic>interferon-γ</topic><topic>Kynurenine - analysis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>tryptophan</topic><topic>Tryptophan - metabolism</topic><topic>Tryptophan Oxygenase - analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wirleitner, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rudzite, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neurauter, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murr, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalnins, U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erglis, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trusinskis, K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuchs, D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of clinical investigation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wirleitner, B.</au><au>Rudzite, V.</au><au>Neurauter, G.</au><au>Murr, C.</au><au>Kalnins, U.</au><au>Erglis, A.</au><au>Trusinskis, K.</au><au>Fuchs, D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Immune activation and degradation of tryptophan in coronary heart disease</atitle><jtitle>European journal of clinical investigation</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Invest</addtitle><date>2003-07</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>550</spage><epage>554</epage><pages>550-554</pages><issn>0014-2972</issn><eissn>1365-2362</eissn><abstract>Background Inflammation and immune activation appear to be important in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cytokine interferon‐γ, which is released during cell‐mediated immune responses, induces indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme degrading tryptophan to kynurenine. Therefore, immune stimulation is commonly associated with an increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (kyn trp−1) indicative for activated indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase and a measurable decline of tryptophan.
Methods Blood concentrations of kynurenine and free tryptophan and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio were examined in 35 patients with coronary heart disease verified by coronary angiography and compared with healthy controls. Patients were observed before percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (21 patients: one with artery disease, nine with 2‐ or 3‐artery disease, and five with restenosis).
Results and conclusions Decreased tryptophan concentrations were found in a significant proportion of coronary heart disease patients and coincided with increased kyn trp−1 and also with increased neopterin concentrations, indicating an activated cellular immune response. We conclude that in coronary heart disease immune activation is associated with an increased rate of tryptophan degradation and thereby lowered tryptophan levels. Results may provide a basis for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of mood disturbances and depression in coronary heart disease patients.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>12814390</pmid><doi>10.1046/j.1365-2362.2003.01186.x</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 3)-dioxygenase Aged Biological and medical sciences Cardiology. Vascular system Coronary Disease - immunology Coronary Disease - metabolism Coronary heart disease Female Heart Humans indoleamine Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase interferon-γ Kynurenine - analysis Male Medical sciences Middle Aged tryptophan Tryptophan - metabolism Tryptophan Oxygenase - analysis |
| title | Immune activation and degradation of tryptophan in coronary heart disease |
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