Importance of Phenolic Metabolism to Limit the Growth of Phakopsora pachyrhizi
Understanding the metabolic responses of the plant to a devastating foliar disease, soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, will assist in development of cultivars resistant to soybean rust. In this study, differences in phenolic metabolism were analyzed between inoculated and noninoculated p...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Phytopathology 2009-12, Vol.99 (12), p.1412-1420 |
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| creator | Lygin, Anatoliy V Li, Shuxian Vittal, Ramya Widholm, Jack M Hartman, Glen L Lozovaya, Vera V |
| description | Understanding the metabolic responses of the plant to a devastating foliar disease, soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, will assist in development of cultivars resistant to soybean rust. In this study, differences in phenolic metabolism were analyzed between inoculated and noninoculated plants using two susceptible and three resistant soybean genotypes with known resistance genes. Rust infection resulted in increased accumulation of isoflavonoids and flavonoids in leaves of all soybean genotypes tested. Although the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was not detected in leaves of uninfected plants, accumulation of this compound at marked levels occurred in rust-infected leaves, being substantially higher in genotypes with a red-brown resistant reaction. In addition, there was inhibition of P. pachyrhizi spore germination by glyceollin, formononetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. However, there was no correlation between concentrations of flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol and rust-induced isoflavonoid formononetin in soybean leaves and rust resistance. Lignin synthesis also increased in all inoculated soybean genotypes whereas there was no significant difference in all noninoculated soybean genotypes. Cell wall lignification was markedly higher in inoculated resistant lines compared with inoculated susceptible lines, indicating a possible protective role of lignin in rust infection development. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1094/phyto-99-12-1412 |
| format | Article |
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In this study, differences in phenolic metabolism were analyzed between inoculated and noninoculated plants using two susceptible and three resistant soybean genotypes with known resistance genes. Rust infection resulted in increased accumulation of isoflavonoids and flavonoids in leaves of all soybean genotypes tested. Although the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was not detected in leaves of uninfected plants, accumulation of this compound at marked levels occurred in rust-infected leaves, being substantially higher in genotypes with a red-brown resistant reaction. In addition, there was inhibition of P. pachyrhizi spore germination by glyceollin, formononetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. However, there was no correlation between concentrations of flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol and rust-induced isoflavonoid formononetin in soybean leaves and rust resistance. Lignin synthesis also increased in all inoculated soybean genotypes whereas there was no significant difference in all noninoculated soybean genotypes. Cell wall lignification was markedly higher in inoculated resistant lines compared with inoculated susceptible lines, indicating a possible protective role of lignin in rust infection development.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-949X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-7684</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1094/phyto-99-12-1412</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19900008</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PHYTAJ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>St. Paul, MN: American Phytopathological Society</publisher><subject>Basidiomycota - drug effects ; Basidiomycota - growth & development ; Biological and medical sciences ; cell wall components ; cultivars ; disease resistance ; disease severity ; field experimentation ; flavonoids ; Flavonols - chemistry ; Flavonols - metabolism ; Flavonols - pharmacology ; Flavonols - physiology ; formononetin ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Fungal plant pathogens ; genetic resistance ; Genotype ; glyceollin ; Glycine max ; Glycine max - metabolism ; Glycine max - microbiology ; Immunity, Innate - genetics ; Immunity, Innate - physiology ; Isoflavones - chemistry ; Isoflavones - metabolism ; Isoflavones - pharmacology ; Isoflavones - physiology ; isoflavonoids ; kaempferol ; Kaempferols - chemistry ; Kaempferols - metabolism ; Kaempferols - pharmacology ; Kaempferols - physiology ; lignification ; Phakopsora pachyrhizi ; phenolic compounds ; phytoalexins ; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection ; Plant Diseases - microbiology ; Plant Leaves - metabolism ; Plant Leaves - microbiology ; Pterocarpans - chemistry ; Pterocarpans - metabolism ; Pterocarpans - pharmacology ; Pterocarpans - physiology ; quercetin ; Quercetin - chemistry ; Quercetin - metabolism ; Quercetin - pharmacology ; Quercetin - physiology ; resistance mechanisms ; rust diseases ; soybeans ; spore germination ; Spores, Fungal - drug effects ; Spores, Fungal - growth & development</subject><ispartof>Phytopathology, 2009-12, Vol.99 (12), p.1412-1420</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c538t-1b396dd9f781c064dc59100e087fcbd39d305cf55a64937ef4c8277df4c4a9143</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c538t-1b396dd9f781c064dc59100e087fcbd39d305cf55a64937ef4c8277df4c4a9143</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3711,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22268474$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19900008$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lygin, Anatoliy V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Shuxian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vittal, Ramya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Widholm, Jack M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hartman, Glen L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lozovaya, Vera V</creatorcontrib><title>Importance of Phenolic Metabolism to Limit the Growth of Phakopsora pachyrhizi</title><title>Phytopathology</title><addtitle>Phytopathology</addtitle><description>Understanding the metabolic responses of the plant to a devastating foliar disease, soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, will assist in development of cultivars resistant to soybean rust. In this study, differences in phenolic metabolism were analyzed between inoculated and noninoculated plants using two susceptible and three resistant soybean genotypes with known resistance genes. Rust infection resulted in increased accumulation of isoflavonoids and flavonoids in leaves of all soybean genotypes tested. Although the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was not detected in leaves of uninfected plants, accumulation of this compound at marked levels occurred in rust-infected leaves, being substantially higher in genotypes with a red-brown resistant reaction. In addition, there was inhibition of P. pachyrhizi spore germination by glyceollin, formononetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. However, there was no correlation between concentrations of flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol and rust-induced isoflavonoid formononetin in soybean leaves and rust resistance. Lignin synthesis also increased in all inoculated soybean genotypes whereas there was no significant difference in all noninoculated soybean genotypes. Cell wall lignification was markedly higher in inoculated resistant lines compared with inoculated susceptible lines, indicating a possible protective role of lignin in rust infection development.</description><subject>Basidiomycota - drug effects</subject><subject>Basidiomycota - growth & development</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>cell wall components</subject><subject>cultivars</subject><subject>disease resistance</subject><subject>disease severity</subject><subject>field experimentation</subject><subject>flavonoids</subject><subject>Flavonols - chemistry</subject><subject>Flavonols - metabolism</subject><subject>Flavonols - pharmacology</subject><subject>Flavonols - physiology</subject><subject>formononetin</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Fungal plant pathogens</subject><subject>genetic resistance</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>glyceollin</subject><subject>Glycine max</subject><subject>Glycine max - metabolism</subject><subject>Glycine max - microbiology</subject><subject>Immunity, Innate - genetics</subject><subject>Immunity, Innate - physiology</subject><subject>Isoflavones - chemistry</subject><subject>Isoflavones - metabolism</subject><subject>Isoflavones - pharmacology</subject><subject>Isoflavones - physiology</subject><subject>isoflavonoids</subject><subject>kaempferol</subject><subject>Kaempferols - chemistry</subject><subject>Kaempferols - metabolism</subject><subject>Kaempferols - pharmacology</subject><subject>Kaempferols - physiology</subject><subject>lignification</subject><subject>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</subject><subject>phenolic compounds</subject><subject>phytoalexins</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - microbiology</subject><subject>Pterocarpans - chemistry</subject><subject>Pterocarpans - metabolism</subject><subject>Pterocarpans - pharmacology</subject><subject>Pterocarpans - physiology</subject><subject>quercetin</subject><subject>Quercetin - chemistry</subject><subject>Quercetin - metabolism</subject><subject>Quercetin - pharmacology</subject><subject>Quercetin - physiology</subject><subject>resistance mechanisms</subject><subject>rust diseases</subject><subject>soybeans</subject><subject>spore germination</subject><subject>Spores, Fungal - drug effects</subject><subject>Spores, Fungal - growth & development</subject><issn>0031-949X</issn><issn>1943-7684</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp90cFu1DAQBmALUdFty50T5EI5BTy2E3uOVQVtpYVWaivByfI6Ngkk62B7VS1Pj1e7ghun8UjfjDS_CXkF9D1QFB_mfptDjVgDq0EAe0YWgILXslXiOVlQyqFGgV-PyUlKPyilUjXtC3IMiKWhakG-3ExziNmsrauCr-56tw7jYKvPLptVeaWpyqFaDtOQq9y76iqGp9zvqfkZ5hSiqWZj-23sh9_DGTnyZkzu5aGeksdPHx8ur-vl7dXN5cWytg1XuYYVx7br0EsFlraisw0CpY4q6e2q49hx2ljfNKYVyKXzwiomZVeqMAiCn5J3-71zDL82LmU9Dcm6cTRrFzZJS84lqJbLIs__KxlwTpG3BdI9tDGkFJ3XcxwmE7caqN6lre-uvz3cakQNTO_SLiOvD7s3q8l1_wYO8Rbw9gBMsmb0seQ8pL-OMVY-Su7OebN33gRtvsdiHu8ZBU5BAjLV8D-4kZFB</recordid><startdate>20091201</startdate><enddate>20091201</enddate><creator>Lygin, Anatoliy V</creator><creator>Li, Shuxian</creator><creator>Vittal, Ramya</creator><creator>Widholm, Jack M</creator><creator>Hartman, Glen L</creator><creator>Lozovaya, Vera V</creator><general>American Phytopathological Society</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20091201</creationdate><title>Importance of Phenolic Metabolism to Limit the Growth of Phakopsora pachyrhizi</title><author>Lygin, Anatoliy V ; Li, Shuxian ; Vittal, Ramya ; Widholm, Jack M ; Hartman, Glen L ; Lozovaya, Vera V</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c538t-1b396dd9f781c064dc59100e087fcbd39d305cf55a64937ef4c8277df4c4a9143</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Basidiomycota - drug effects</topic><topic>Basidiomycota - growth & development</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>cell wall components</topic><topic>cultivars</topic><topic>disease resistance</topic><topic>disease severity</topic><topic>field experimentation</topic><topic>flavonoids</topic><topic>Flavonols - chemistry</topic><topic>Flavonols - metabolism</topic><topic>Flavonols - pharmacology</topic><topic>Flavonols - physiology</topic><topic>formononetin</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Fungal plant pathogens</topic><topic>genetic resistance</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>glyceollin</topic><topic>Glycine max</topic><topic>Glycine max - metabolism</topic><topic>Glycine max - microbiology</topic><topic>Immunity, Innate - genetics</topic><topic>Immunity, Innate - physiology</topic><topic>Isoflavones - chemistry</topic><topic>Isoflavones - metabolism</topic><topic>Isoflavones - pharmacology</topic><topic>Isoflavones - physiology</topic><topic>isoflavonoids</topic><topic>kaempferol</topic><topic>Kaempferols - chemistry</topic><topic>Kaempferols - metabolism</topic><topic>Kaempferols - pharmacology</topic><topic>Kaempferols - physiology</topic><topic>lignification</topic><topic>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</topic><topic>phenolic compounds</topic><topic>phytoalexins</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - metabolism</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - microbiology</topic><topic>Pterocarpans - chemistry</topic><topic>Pterocarpans - metabolism</topic><topic>Pterocarpans - pharmacology</topic><topic>Pterocarpans - physiology</topic><topic>quercetin</topic><topic>Quercetin - chemistry</topic><topic>Quercetin - metabolism</topic><topic>Quercetin - pharmacology</topic><topic>Quercetin - physiology</topic><topic>resistance mechanisms</topic><topic>rust diseases</topic><topic>soybeans</topic><topic>spore germination</topic><topic>Spores, Fungal - drug effects</topic><topic>Spores, Fungal - growth & development</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lygin, Anatoliy V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Shuxian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vittal, Ramya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Widholm, Jack M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hartman, Glen L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lozovaya, Vera V</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Phytopathology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lygin, Anatoliy V</au><au>Li, Shuxian</au><au>Vittal, Ramya</au><au>Widholm, Jack M</au><au>Hartman, Glen L</au><au>Lozovaya, Vera V</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Importance of Phenolic Metabolism to Limit the Growth of Phakopsora pachyrhizi</atitle><jtitle>Phytopathology</jtitle><addtitle>Phytopathology</addtitle><date>2009-12-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>99</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1412</spage><epage>1420</epage><pages>1412-1420</pages><issn>0031-949X</issn><eissn>1943-7684</eissn><coden>PHYTAJ</coden><abstract>Understanding the metabolic responses of the plant to a devastating foliar disease, soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, will assist in development of cultivars resistant to soybean rust. In this study, differences in phenolic metabolism were analyzed between inoculated and noninoculated plants using two susceptible and three resistant soybean genotypes with known resistance genes. Rust infection resulted in increased accumulation of isoflavonoids and flavonoids in leaves of all soybean genotypes tested. Although the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was not detected in leaves of uninfected plants, accumulation of this compound at marked levels occurred in rust-infected leaves, being substantially higher in genotypes with a red-brown resistant reaction. In addition, there was inhibition of P. pachyrhizi spore germination by glyceollin, formononetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. However, there was no correlation between concentrations of flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol and rust-induced isoflavonoid formononetin in soybean leaves and rust resistance. Lignin synthesis also increased in all inoculated soybean genotypes whereas there was no significant difference in all noninoculated soybean genotypes. Cell wall lignification was markedly higher in inoculated resistant lines compared with inoculated susceptible lines, indicating a possible protective role of lignin in rust infection development.</abstract><cop>St. Paul, MN</cop><pub>American Phytopathological Society</pub><pmid>19900008</pmid><doi>10.1094/phyto-99-12-1412</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Basidiomycota - drug effects Basidiomycota - growth & development Biological and medical sciences cell wall components cultivars disease resistance disease severity field experimentation flavonoids Flavonols - chemistry Flavonols - metabolism Flavonols - pharmacology Flavonols - physiology formononetin Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fungal plant pathogens genetic resistance Genotype glyceollin Glycine max Glycine max - metabolism Glycine max - microbiology Immunity, Innate - genetics Immunity, Innate - physiology Isoflavones - chemistry Isoflavones - metabolism Isoflavones - pharmacology Isoflavones - physiology isoflavonoids kaempferol Kaempferols - chemistry Kaempferols - metabolism Kaempferols - pharmacology Kaempferols - physiology lignification Phakopsora pachyrhizi phenolic compounds phytoalexins Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Plant Diseases - microbiology Plant Leaves - metabolism Plant Leaves - microbiology Pterocarpans - chemistry Pterocarpans - metabolism Pterocarpans - pharmacology Pterocarpans - physiology quercetin Quercetin - chemistry Quercetin - metabolism Quercetin - pharmacology Quercetin - physiology resistance mechanisms rust diseases soybeans spore germination Spores, Fungal - drug effects Spores, Fungal - growth & development |
| title | Importance of Phenolic Metabolism to Limit the Growth of Phakopsora pachyrhizi |
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