Effects of increasing levels of corn distillers dried grains with solubles to steers offered moderate-quality forage
Supplementation of forage-fed livestock has been studied for decades; however, as by-products become available research is needed to determine optimal feeding rates for increased efficiency. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (446 +/- 42 kg of initial BW) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of animal science 2009-12, Vol.87 (12), p.4064-4072 |
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| creator | Leupp, J. L Lardy, G. P Karges, K. K Gibson, M. L Caton, J. S |
| description | Supplementation of forage-fed livestock has been studied for decades; however, as by-products become available research is needed to determine optimal feeding rates for increased efficiency. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (446 +/- 42 kg of initial BW) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square to evaluate effects of increasing level of supplemental corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 25.4% CP, 9.8% fat, DM basis) on DMI, rate and site of digestion, ruminal fermentation, and microbial efficiency. Diets consisted of ad libitum quantities of moderate-quality smooth brome hay (10.6% CP; DM basis), free access to water and trace mineral salt block, and 1 of 5 levels of DDGS (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2% of BW daily of DDGS; DM basis). Diets were formulated to meet or exceed the estimated rumen degradable protein requirements (assumed microbial yield = 10.5%). All supplements were fed at 0600 h before forage was fed. Steers were adapted to diets for 14 d followed by a 7-d collection period. Hay OM intake decreased (linear; P < 0.001), whereas total OM intake increased (linear; P < 0.001) with increasing DDGS level. Total CP intake, duodenal OM and CP flows, and total tract OM and NDF digestibilities increased (linear; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2527/jas.2008-1711 |
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L ; Lardy, G. P ; Karges, K. K ; Gibson, M. L ; Caton, J. S</creator><creatorcontrib>Leupp, J. L ; Lardy, G. P ; Karges, K. K ; Gibson, M. L ; Caton, J. S</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Supplementation of forage-fed livestock has been studied for decades; however, as by-products become available research is needed to determine optimal feeding rates for increased efficiency. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (446 +/- 42 kg of initial BW) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square to evaluate effects of increasing level of supplemental corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 25.4% CP, 9.8% fat, DM basis) on DMI, rate and site of digestion, ruminal fermentation, and microbial efficiency. Diets consisted of ad libitum quantities of moderate-quality smooth brome hay (10.6% CP; DM basis), free access to water and trace mineral salt block, and 1 of 5 levels of DDGS (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2% of BW daily of DDGS; DM basis). Diets were formulated to meet or exceed the estimated rumen degradable protein requirements (assumed microbial yield = 10.5%). All supplements were fed at 0600 h before forage was fed. Steers were adapted to diets for 14 d followed by a 7-d collection period. Hay OM intake decreased (linear; P < 0.001), whereas total OM intake increased (linear; P < 0.001) with increasing DDGS level. Total CP intake, duodenal OM and CP flows, and total tract OM and NDF digestibilities increased (linear; P <or= 0.01) with increasing level of DDGS. Apparent ruminal and true ruminal CP digestibilities increased linearly (P <or= 0.007), and total-tract CP digestibility increased quadratically (P = 0.02) with increasing DDGS level. Average ruminal pH was not different (P = 0.89) among treatments. Ammonia concentration increased (quadratic; P = 0.02) with increasing DDGS. Acetate proportions (molar %) decreased linearly (P < 0.001), whereas butyrate (molar %) increased linearly (P = 0.007), and propionate (molar %) increased quadratically (P = 0.04) with increasing DDGS. Ruminal DM fill decreased quadratically (P = 0.03), whereas fluid dilution rate tended to increase cubically (P = 0.08) with increasing DDGS. In situ rate of hay and DDGS DM disappearance responded cubically (P <or= 0.03) with greatest disappearance occurring with the 0.9% treatment. In situ rate of ruminal CP degradation of hay and DDGS increased (linear; P <or= 0.003) with increasing DDGS. Feeding 0.3% up to 1.2% of BW daily of DDGS as a supplement to forage-based diets resulted in no adverse effects on forage digestion or fermentation and resulted in increased nutrient supply in steers fed moderate-quality smooth brome hay.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8812</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3163</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1711</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19684267</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Champaign, IL: Am Soc Animal Sci</publisher><subject>Animal Feed ; Animal productions ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cattle - physiology ; Diet - veterinary ; Digestion - physiology ; Distillation ; Duodenum - microbiology ; Duodenum - physiology ; Feces - microbiology ; Feed and pet food industries ; Fermentation - physiology ; Food Handling ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Male ; Rumen - microbiology ; Rumen - physiology ; Silage ; Terrestrial animal productions ; Vertebrates ; Zea mays</subject><ispartof>Journal of animal science, 2009-12, Vol.87 (12), p.4064-4072</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22159046$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19684267$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Leupp, J. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lardy, G. P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karges, K. K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibson, M. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caton, J. S</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of increasing levels of corn distillers dried grains with solubles to steers offered moderate-quality forage</title><title>Journal of animal science</title><addtitle>J Anim Sci</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Supplementation of forage-fed livestock has been studied for decades; however, as by-products become available research is needed to determine optimal feeding rates for increased efficiency. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (446 +/- 42 kg of initial BW) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square to evaluate effects of increasing level of supplemental corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 25.4% CP, 9.8% fat, DM basis) on DMI, rate and site of digestion, ruminal fermentation, and microbial efficiency. Diets consisted of ad libitum quantities of moderate-quality smooth brome hay (10.6% CP; DM basis), free access to water and trace mineral salt block, and 1 of 5 levels of DDGS (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2% of BW daily of DDGS; DM basis). Diets were formulated to meet or exceed the estimated rumen degradable protein requirements (assumed microbial yield = 10.5%). All supplements were fed at 0600 h before forage was fed. Steers were adapted to diets for 14 d followed by a 7-d collection period. Hay OM intake decreased (linear; P < 0.001), whereas total OM intake increased (linear; P < 0.001) with increasing DDGS level. Total CP intake, duodenal OM and CP flows, and total tract OM and NDF digestibilities increased (linear; P <or= 0.01) with increasing level of DDGS. Apparent ruminal and true ruminal CP digestibilities increased linearly (P <or= 0.007), and total-tract CP digestibility increased quadratically (P = 0.02) with increasing DDGS level. Average ruminal pH was not different (P = 0.89) among treatments. Ammonia concentration increased (quadratic; P = 0.02) with increasing DDGS. Acetate proportions (molar %) decreased linearly (P < 0.001), whereas butyrate (molar %) increased linearly (P = 0.007), and propionate (molar %) increased quadratically (P = 0.04) with increasing DDGS. Ruminal DM fill decreased quadratically (P = 0.03), whereas fluid dilution rate tended to increase cubically (P = 0.08) with increasing DDGS. In situ rate of hay and DDGS DM disappearance responded cubically (P <or= 0.03) with greatest disappearance occurring with the 0.9% treatment. In situ rate of ruminal CP degradation of hay and DDGS increased (linear; P <or= 0.003) with increasing DDGS. Feeding 0.3% up to 1.2% of BW daily of DDGS as a supplement to forage-based diets resulted in no adverse effects on forage digestion or fermentation and resulted in increased nutrient supply in steers fed moderate-quality smooth brome hay.]]></description><subject>Animal Feed</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cattle - physiology</subject><subject>Diet - veterinary</subject><subject>Digestion - physiology</subject><subject>Distillation</subject><subject>Duodenum - microbiology</subject><subject>Duodenum - physiology</subject><subject>Feces - microbiology</subject><subject>Feed and pet food industries</subject><subject>Fermentation - physiology</subject><subject>Food Handling</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Rumen - microbiology</subject><subject>Rumen - physiology</subject><subject>Silage</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>Zea mays</subject><issn>0021-8812</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpF0U1v1DAQBmALFdGl5cgV-VL1lOKvxM4RVaUgVeIC52jijHddOXHrcaj670lhgdNIo0fvK80w9l6KK9Uq-_Ee6EoJ4RpppXzFdrJVbaNlp0_YTgglG-ekOmVvie6FkKrt2zfsVPadM6qzO1ZvQkBfiefA4-ILAsVlzxP-xPR76XNZ-BSpxpSwEJ9KxInvC8SF-FOsB045rWNC4jVzqviC8hZaNjbnCQtUbB5XSLE-85AL7PGcvQ6QCN8d5xn78fnm-_WX5u7b7dfrT3fNQVlVGwM4aehtkABm8nq0wTqndd9L1G2QxmrhVa_GXnXdCC44bcag0YN1YdSjPmOXf3IfSn5ckeowR_KYEiyYVxqs1p00vbab_HCU6zjjNDyUOEN5Hv4eagMXRwDkIYUCi4_0zykl216Y7n_lIe4PT7HgQDOktMXKYXuVs4NUgxGd0b8Ao4WG1w</recordid><startdate>20091201</startdate><enddate>20091201</enddate><creator>Leupp, J. L</creator><creator>Lardy, G. P</creator><creator>Karges, K. K</creator><creator>Gibson, M. L</creator><creator>Caton, J. S</creator><general>Am Soc Animal Sci</general><general>American Society of Animal Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20091201</creationdate><title>Effects of increasing levels of corn distillers dried grains with solubles to steers offered moderate-quality forage</title><author>Leupp, J. L ; Lardy, G. P ; Karges, K. K ; Gibson, M. L ; Caton, J. S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-h272t-4aed3a97f1aa4dc3b7f78833991e35f14730c292b9266ba8f834bf3eca78fb3b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Animal Feed</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cattle - physiology</topic><topic>Diet - veterinary</topic><topic>Digestion - physiology</topic><topic>Distillation</topic><topic>Duodenum - microbiology</topic><topic>Duodenum - physiology</topic><topic>Feces - microbiology</topic><topic>Feed and pet food industries</topic><topic>Fermentation - physiology</topic><topic>Food Handling</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Rumen - microbiology</topic><topic>Rumen - physiology</topic><topic>Silage</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><topic>Zea mays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Leupp, J. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lardy, G. P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karges, K. K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibson, M. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caton, J. S</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of animal science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Leupp, J. L</au><au>Lardy, G. P</au><au>Karges, K. K</au><au>Gibson, M. L</au><au>Caton, J. S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of increasing levels of corn distillers dried grains with solubles to steers offered moderate-quality forage</atitle><jtitle>Journal of animal science</jtitle><addtitle>J Anim Sci</addtitle><date>2009-12-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>87</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>4064</spage><epage>4072</epage><pages>4064-4072</pages><issn>0021-8812</issn><eissn>1525-3163</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Supplementation of forage-fed livestock has been studied for decades; however, as by-products become available research is needed to determine optimal feeding rates for increased efficiency. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (446 +/- 42 kg of initial BW) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square to evaluate effects of increasing level of supplemental corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 25.4% CP, 9.8% fat, DM basis) on DMI, rate and site of digestion, ruminal fermentation, and microbial efficiency. Diets consisted of ad libitum quantities of moderate-quality smooth brome hay (10.6% CP; DM basis), free access to water and trace mineral salt block, and 1 of 5 levels of DDGS (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2% of BW daily of DDGS; DM basis). Diets were formulated to meet or exceed the estimated rumen degradable protein requirements (assumed microbial yield = 10.5%). All supplements were fed at 0600 h before forage was fed. Steers were adapted to diets for 14 d followed by a 7-d collection period. Hay OM intake decreased (linear; P < 0.001), whereas total OM intake increased (linear; P < 0.001) with increasing DDGS level. Total CP intake, duodenal OM and CP flows, and total tract OM and NDF digestibilities increased (linear; P <or= 0.01) with increasing level of DDGS. Apparent ruminal and true ruminal CP digestibilities increased linearly (P <or= 0.007), and total-tract CP digestibility increased quadratically (P = 0.02) with increasing DDGS level. Average ruminal pH was not different (P = 0.89) among treatments. Ammonia concentration increased (quadratic; P = 0.02) with increasing DDGS. Acetate proportions (molar %) decreased linearly (P < 0.001), whereas butyrate (molar %) increased linearly (P = 0.007), and propionate (molar %) increased quadratically (P = 0.04) with increasing DDGS. Ruminal DM fill decreased quadratically (P = 0.03), whereas fluid dilution rate tended to increase cubically (P = 0.08) with increasing DDGS. In situ rate of hay and DDGS DM disappearance responded cubically (P <or= 0.03) with greatest disappearance occurring with the 0.9% treatment. In situ rate of ruminal CP degradation of hay and DDGS increased (linear; P <or= 0.003) with increasing DDGS. Feeding 0.3% up to 1.2% of BW daily of DDGS as a supplement to forage-based diets resulted in no adverse effects on forage digestion or fermentation and resulted in increased nutrient supply in steers fed moderate-quality smooth brome hay.]]></abstract><cop>Champaign, IL</cop><pub>Am Soc Animal Sci</pub><pmid>19684267</pmid><doi>10.2527/jas.2008-1711</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animal Feed Animal productions Animals Biological and medical sciences Cattle - physiology Diet - veterinary Digestion - physiology Distillation Duodenum - microbiology Duodenum - physiology Feces - microbiology Feed and pet food industries Fermentation - physiology Food Handling Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Male Rumen - microbiology Rumen - physiology Silage Terrestrial animal productions Vertebrates Zea mays |
| title | Effects of increasing levels of corn distillers dried grains with solubles to steers offered moderate-quality forage |
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