Chloroplastic regulation of apoplastic alpha-amylase activity in pea seedlings
Photobleaching of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedling leaves by treatment with norflurazon (San 9789) and 7 days of continuous white light caused a 76- to 85-fold increase in the activity of the primary alpha-amylase, a largely apoplastic enzyme, over normally greening seedlings. Levels of chlorophyll w...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Plant physiology (Bethesda) 1990-05, Vol.93 (1), p.131-140 |
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| creator | Saeed, M. (University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI) Duke, S.H |
| description | Photobleaching of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedling leaves by treatment with norflurazon (San 9789) and 7 days of continuous white light caused a 76- to 85-fold increase in the activity of the primary alpha-amylase, a largely apoplastic enzyme, over normally greening seedlings. Levels of chlorophyll were near zero and levels of plastid marker enzyme activities were very low in norflurazon-treated seedlings, indicating severe photooxidative damage to plastids. As levels of norflurazon or fluence rates were lowered, decreasing photobleaching of tissues, alpha-amylase activity decreased. Levels of leaf beta-amylase and starch debranching enzyme changed very little in norflurazon-treated seedlings. Infiltration extraction of leaves of norflurazon-treated and normally greening seedlings indicated that at least 57 and 62%, resp., of alpha-amylase activity was in the apoplast. alpha-Amylase activity recovered from the apoplast of photobleached leaves of norflurazon-treated seedlings was 18-fold higher than that for green leaves. Inhibitors of photosynthesis (DCMU and atrazine) and an inhibitor of chlorophyll accumulation that does not cause photooxidation of plastid components (tentoxin) had little effect on levels of alpha-amylase activity, indicating norflurazon-caused loss of chlorophyll and lack of photosynthesis did not cause the large induction in alpha-amylase activity. An inhibitor of both abscisic acid and gibberellin synthesis (paclobutrazol [PP333]) and an analog of norflurazon which inhibits photosynthesis but not carotenoid synthesis (San 9785) caused only moderate (about five-fold) increases in alpha-amylase activity. Lincomycin and chloramphenicol increased alpha-amylase activity in light grown seedlings to the same magnitude as norflurazon, indicating that the effect of norflurazon is probably through the destruction of plastid ribosomes. It is proposed that chloroplasts produce a negative signal for the regulation of the apoplastic alpha-amylase in pea |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1104/pp.93.1.131 |
| format | Article |
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(University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI) ; Duke, S.H</creator><creatorcontrib>Saeed, M. (University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI) ; Duke, S.H</creatorcontrib><description>Photobleaching of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedling leaves by treatment with norflurazon (San 9789) and 7 days of continuous white light caused a 76- to 85-fold increase in the activity of the primary alpha-amylase, a largely apoplastic enzyme, over normally greening seedlings. Levels of chlorophyll were near zero and levels of plastid marker enzyme activities were very low in norflurazon-treated seedlings, indicating severe photooxidative damage to plastids. As levels of norflurazon or fluence rates were lowered, decreasing photobleaching of tissues, alpha-amylase activity decreased. Levels of leaf beta-amylase and starch debranching enzyme changed very little in norflurazon-treated seedlings. Infiltration extraction of leaves of norflurazon-treated and normally greening seedlings indicated that at least 57 and 62%, resp., of alpha-amylase activity was in the apoplast. alpha-Amylase activity recovered from the apoplast of photobleached leaves of norflurazon-treated seedlings was 18-fold higher than that for green leaves. Inhibitors of photosynthesis (DCMU and atrazine) and an inhibitor of chlorophyll accumulation that does not cause photooxidation of plastid components (tentoxin) had little effect on levels of alpha-amylase activity, indicating norflurazon-caused loss of chlorophyll and lack of photosynthesis did not cause the large induction in alpha-amylase activity. An inhibitor of both abscisic acid and gibberellin synthesis (paclobutrazol [PP333]) and an analog of norflurazon which inhibits photosynthesis but not carotenoid synthesis (San 9785) caused only moderate (about five-fold) increases in alpha-amylase activity. Lincomycin and chloramphenicol increased alpha-amylase activity in light grown seedlings to the same magnitude as norflurazon, indicating that the effect of norflurazon is probably through the destruction of plastid ribosomes. It is proposed that chloroplasts produce a negative signal for the regulation of the apoplastic alpha-amylase in pea</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-0889</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-2548</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1104/pp.93.1.131</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16667425</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PPHYA5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Rockville, MD: American Society of Plant Physiologists</publisher><subject>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ; ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE ; AMILASAS ; AMYLASE ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cell biochemistry ; Cell physiology ; CHLOROPHYLLE ; Chloroplasts ; CLOROFILAS ; Enzymes ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Greening ; Leaves ; LUMIERE ; LUZ ; Metabolism and Enzymology ; Peas ; Photooxidation ; PISUM SATIVUM ; Plant physiology and development ; Plants ; PLANTULAS ; PLANTULE ; Plastids ; Seedlings ; SINTESIS DE PROTEINAS ; Starches ; SYNTHESE PROTEIQUE</subject><ispartof>Plant physiology (Bethesda), 1990-05, Vol.93 (1), p.131-140</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1990 American Society of Plant Physiologists</rights><rights>1991 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-398dce0e246856eaebaa8e1ceb180502985032bb3337b38ada6e58e18b5cb50c3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4272793$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4272793$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,800,882,27905,27906,57998,58231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19250218$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16667425$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Saeed, M. (University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duke, S.H</creatorcontrib><title>Chloroplastic regulation of apoplastic alpha-amylase activity in pea seedlings</title><title>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</title><addtitle>Plant Physiol</addtitle><description>Photobleaching of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedling leaves by treatment with norflurazon (San 9789) and 7 days of continuous white light caused a 76- to 85-fold increase in the activity of the primary alpha-amylase, a largely apoplastic enzyme, over normally greening seedlings. Levels of chlorophyll were near zero and levels of plastid marker enzyme activities were very low in norflurazon-treated seedlings, indicating severe photooxidative damage to plastids. As levels of norflurazon or fluence rates were lowered, decreasing photobleaching of tissues, alpha-amylase activity decreased. Levels of leaf beta-amylase and starch debranching enzyme changed very little in norflurazon-treated seedlings. Infiltration extraction of leaves of norflurazon-treated and normally greening seedlings indicated that at least 57 and 62%, resp., of alpha-amylase activity was in the apoplast. alpha-Amylase activity recovered from the apoplast of photobleached leaves of norflurazon-treated seedlings was 18-fold higher than that for green leaves. Inhibitors of photosynthesis (DCMU and atrazine) and an inhibitor of chlorophyll accumulation that does not cause photooxidation of plastid components (tentoxin) had little effect on levels of alpha-amylase activity, indicating norflurazon-caused loss of chlorophyll and lack of photosynthesis did not cause the large induction in alpha-amylase activity. An inhibitor of both abscisic acid and gibberellin synthesis (paclobutrazol [PP333]) and an analog of norflurazon which inhibits photosynthesis but not carotenoid synthesis (San 9785) caused only moderate (about five-fold) increases in alpha-amylase activity. Lincomycin and chloramphenicol increased alpha-amylase activity in light grown seedlings to the same magnitude as norflurazon, indicating that the effect of norflurazon is probably through the destruction of plastid ribosomes. It is proposed that chloroplasts produce a negative signal for the regulation of the apoplastic alpha-amylase in pea</description><subject>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</subject><subject>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</subject><subject>AMILASAS</subject><subject>AMYLASE</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell biochemistry</subject><subject>Cell physiology</subject><subject>CHLOROPHYLLE</subject><subject>Chloroplasts</subject><subject>CLOROFILAS</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Greening</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>LUMIERE</subject><subject>LUZ</subject><subject>Metabolism and Enzymology</subject><subject>Peas</subject><subject>Photooxidation</subject><subject>PISUM SATIVUM</subject><subject>Plant physiology and development</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>PLANTULAS</subject><subject>PLANTULE</subject><subject>Plastids</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>SINTESIS DE PROTEINAS</subject><subject>Starches</subject><subject>SYNTHESE PROTEIQUE</subject><issn>0032-0889</issn><issn>1532-2548</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1990</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkc-LEzEYhoMobl09eRORucgeZGp-ziSXBSm6CosedM_hm_SbNks6icl0of-9kZaunpLwPLx584WQ14wuGaPyY0pLI5ZsyQR7QhZMCd5yJfVTsqC07qnW5oK8KOWeUlod-ZxcsK7resnVgnxfbUPMMQUos3dNxs0-wOzj1MSxgXQGENIWWtgd6hkbcLN_8POh8VOTEJqCuA5-2pSX5NkIoeCr03pJ7r58_rX62t7-uPm2-nTbOin13Aqj1w4pctlp1SHgAKCRORyYpopyo1WtPgxCiH4QGtbQoaqCHpQbFHXiklwfc9N-2GHNmuYMwabsd5APNoK3_5PJb-0mPlhGOy57UwOuTgE5_t5jme3OF4chwIRxX2wvhDSc866aH46my7GUjOP5Fkbt3w-wKVkjLLN1uNV-92-xR_c08Sq8PwlQHIQxw-R8efQMr-9nunpvj959mWM-c8l7XutX_OaIR4gWNrlG3P00VFIqlfgDJ6ahlA</recordid><startdate>19900501</startdate><enddate>19900501</enddate><creator>Saeed, M. (University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI)</creator><creator>Duke, S.H</creator><general>American Society of Plant Physiologists</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19900501</creationdate><title>Chloroplastic regulation of apoplastic alpha-amylase activity in pea seedlings</title><author>Saeed, M. (University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI) ; Duke, S.H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-398dce0e246856eaebaa8e1ceb180502985032bb3337b38ada6e58e18b5cb50c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1990</creationdate><topic>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</topic><topic>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</topic><topic>AMILASAS</topic><topic>AMYLASE</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cell biochemistry</topic><topic>Cell physiology</topic><topic>CHLOROPHYLLE</topic><topic>Chloroplasts</topic><topic>CLOROFILAS</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Greening</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>LUMIERE</topic><topic>LUZ</topic><topic>Metabolism and Enzymology</topic><topic>Peas</topic><topic>Photooxidation</topic><topic>PISUM SATIVUM</topic><topic>Plant physiology and development</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>PLANTULAS</topic><topic>PLANTULE</topic><topic>Plastids</topic><topic>Seedlings</topic><topic>SINTESIS DE PROTEINAS</topic><topic>Starches</topic><topic>SYNTHESE PROTEIQUE</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Saeed, M. (University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duke, S.H</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Saeed, M. (University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI)</au><au>Duke, S.H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chloroplastic regulation of apoplastic alpha-amylase activity in pea seedlings</atitle><jtitle>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</jtitle><addtitle>Plant Physiol</addtitle><date>1990-05-01</date><risdate>1990</risdate><volume>93</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>131</spage><epage>140</epage><pages>131-140</pages><issn>0032-0889</issn><eissn>1532-2548</eissn><coden>PPHYA5</coden><abstract>Photobleaching of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedling leaves by treatment with norflurazon (San 9789) and 7 days of continuous white light caused a 76- to 85-fold increase in the activity of the primary alpha-amylase, a largely apoplastic enzyme, over normally greening seedlings. Levels of chlorophyll were near zero and levels of plastid marker enzyme activities were very low in norflurazon-treated seedlings, indicating severe photooxidative damage to plastids. As levels of norflurazon or fluence rates were lowered, decreasing photobleaching of tissues, alpha-amylase activity decreased. Levels of leaf beta-amylase and starch debranching enzyme changed very little in norflurazon-treated seedlings. Infiltration extraction of leaves of norflurazon-treated and normally greening seedlings indicated that at least 57 and 62%, resp., of alpha-amylase activity was in the apoplast. alpha-Amylase activity recovered from the apoplast of photobleached leaves of norflurazon-treated seedlings was 18-fold higher than that for green leaves. Inhibitors of photosynthesis (DCMU and atrazine) and an inhibitor of chlorophyll accumulation that does not cause photooxidation of plastid components (tentoxin) had little effect on levels of alpha-amylase activity, indicating norflurazon-caused loss of chlorophyll and lack of photosynthesis did not cause the large induction in alpha-amylase activity. An inhibitor of both abscisic acid and gibberellin synthesis (paclobutrazol [PP333]) and an analog of norflurazon which inhibits photosynthesis but not carotenoid synthesis (San 9785) caused only moderate (about five-fold) increases in alpha-amylase activity. Lincomycin and chloramphenicol increased alpha-amylase activity in light grown seedlings to the same magnitude as norflurazon, indicating that the effect of norflurazon is probably through the destruction of plastid ribosomes. It is proposed that chloroplasts produce a negative signal for the regulation of the apoplastic alpha-amylase in pea</abstract><cop>Rockville, MD</cop><pub>American Society of Plant Physiologists</pub><pmid>16667425</pmid><doi>10.1104/pp.93.1.131</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Jstor Complete Legacy; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE AMILASAS AMYLASE Biological and medical sciences Cell biochemistry Cell physiology CHLOROPHYLLE Chloroplasts CLOROFILAS Enzymes Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Greening Leaves LUMIERE LUZ Metabolism and Enzymology Peas Photooxidation PISUM SATIVUM Plant physiology and development Plants PLANTULAS PLANTULE Plastids Seedlings SINTESIS DE PROTEINAS Starches SYNTHESE PROTEIQUE |
| title | Chloroplastic regulation of apoplastic alpha-amylase activity in pea seedlings |
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