Effects of hormone replacement therapy on glucose and lipid profiles and on cardiovascular risk parameters in postmenopausal women
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms and cardiovascular risk parameters in healthy postmenopausal women. Methods Forty women receiving and 38 women not receiving HRT were included and baseline and sixt...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2010-05, Vol.281 (5), p.857-864 |
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| creator | Bingol, Banu Gunenc, Ziya Yilmaz, Murat Biri, Aydan Tiras, Bülent Güner, Haldun |
| description | Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms and cardiovascular risk parameters in healthy postmenopausal women.
Methods
Forty women receiving and 38 women not receiving HRT were included and baseline and sixth month blood pressure, weight, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, blood lipid profile, inflammatory markers (homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and insulin, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results were evaluated.
Results
The mean age was 52.6 ± 4.9 and 52.2 ± 5.0 years in the HRT and Control Groups, respectively. Whereas there was no change in the Controls, the weight, waist/hip ratio, and BMI increased and diastolic blood pressure decreased in the HRT patients. LDL-c, VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) levels were significantly higher in the HRT Group in the sixth month; however, total cholesterol and LDL-c increased in the Controls but VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) did not. CRP and homocysteine significantly increased and fibrinogen decreased, whereas in the Control Group no significant change was detected. A significant improvement in HbA1c and OGTT was found in both the groups, whereas a significant reduction was measured only in the HRT Group.
Conclusions
In response to 6 months of HRT, there was an increase in weight, BMI, and waist/hip ratio as known cardiovascular risk factors, but no significant impact on lipid profile and glucose metabolism could have been clearly demonstrated. A mixed effect profile of HRT on the state of inflammation (increase in CRP and homocysteine, decrease in fibrinogen) was observed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00404-009-1169-y |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_733472741</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2261884086</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-6f901f298167c60e0e7e23052e9f7814a7508de7bf896aa1d7bf82713e07e9a53</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU1v1DAQhi0EotvCD-CCLHHgFJhxEn8cUVWgUiUucLZcZ9ymOHGwE9Be-eV42ZUqIXHy2H7mnZEexl4hvEMA9b4AdNA1AKZBlKbZP2E77FrRgEJ8ynZgDjVIdcbOS3kAQKG1fM7O0PSm7ZXesd9XIZBfC0-B36c8pZl4piU6TxPNK1_vKbtlz9PM7-LmUyHu5oHHcRkHvuQUxkjl71MlvMvDmH664rfoMs9j-c4Xl91EK-XCx5kvqaw1Ny1uKy7yX6leXrBnwcVCL0_nBfv28err5efm5sun68sPN41vFa6NDAYwCKNRKi-BgBSJFnpBJiiNnVM96IHUbdBGOofDoRIKWwJFxvXtBXt7zK1r_9iorHYai6cY3UxpK1a1baeE6rCSb_4hH9KW57qcFUKi1h1oWSk8Uj6nUjIFu-RxcnlvEezBjz36sdWPPfix-9rz-pS83U40PHachFRAHIFSv-Y7yo-j_5_6B4jmnWg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2261884086</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effects of hormone replacement therapy on glucose and lipid profiles and on cardiovascular risk parameters in postmenopausal women</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink (Online service)</source><creator>Bingol, Banu ; Gunenc, Ziya ; Yilmaz, Murat ; Biri, Aydan ; Tiras, Bülent ; Güner, Haldun</creator><creatorcontrib>Bingol, Banu ; Gunenc, Ziya ; Yilmaz, Murat ; Biri, Aydan ; Tiras, Bülent ; Güner, Haldun</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms and cardiovascular risk parameters in healthy postmenopausal women.
Methods
Forty women receiving and 38 women not receiving HRT were included and baseline and sixth month blood pressure, weight, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, blood lipid profile, inflammatory markers (homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and insulin, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results were evaluated.
Results
The mean age was 52.6 ± 4.9 and 52.2 ± 5.0 years in the HRT and Control Groups, respectively. Whereas there was no change in the Controls, the weight, waist/hip ratio, and BMI increased and diastolic blood pressure decreased in the HRT patients. LDL-c, VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) levels were significantly higher in the HRT Group in the sixth month; however, total cholesterol and LDL-c increased in the Controls but VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) did not. CRP and homocysteine significantly increased and fibrinogen decreased, whereas in the Control Group no significant change was detected. A significant improvement in HbA1c and OGTT was found in both the groups, whereas a significant reduction was measured only in the HRT Group.
Conclusions
In response to 6 months of HRT, there was an increase in weight, BMI, and waist/hip ratio as known cardiovascular risk factors, but no significant impact on lipid profile and glucose metabolism could have been clearly demonstrated. A mixed effect profile of HRT on the state of inflammation (increase in CRP and homocysteine, decrease in fibrinogen) was observed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0932-0067</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0711</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00404-009-1169-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19593578</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Biomarkers - blood ; Blood Glucose - drug effects ; Blood pressure ; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism ; Carbohydrate Metabolism - drug effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases - chemically induced ; Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism ; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control ; Endocrinology ; Estradiol - adverse effects ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy - adverse effects ; Estrogens - adverse effects ; Female ; Fibrinogen - metabolism ; Gynecology ; Health risk assessment ; Homocysteine ; Homocysteine - blood ; Hormone replacement therapy ; Human Genetics ; Humans ; Inflammation - chemically induced ; Inflammation - metabolism ; Inflammation - prevention & control ; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects ; Lipids ; Lipoproteins - blood ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Norethindrone - adverse effects ; Norethindrone - analogs & derivatives ; Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery ; Original Article ; Postmenopause - metabolism ; Risk Factors</subject><ispartof>Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2010-05, Vol.281 (5), p.857-864</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2009</rights><rights>Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics is a copyright of Springer, (2009). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-6f901f298167c60e0e7e23052e9f7814a7508de7bf896aa1d7bf82713e07e9a53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-6f901f298167c60e0e7e23052e9f7814a7508de7bf896aa1d7bf82713e07e9a53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00404-009-1169-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00404-009-1169-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19593578$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bingol, Banu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunenc, Ziya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yilmaz, Murat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biri, Aydan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tiras, Bülent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Güner, Haldun</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of hormone replacement therapy on glucose and lipid profiles and on cardiovascular risk parameters in postmenopausal women</title><title>Archives of gynecology and obstetrics</title><addtitle>Arch Gynecol Obstet</addtitle><addtitle>Arch Gynecol Obstet</addtitle><description>Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms and cardiovascular risk parameters in healthy postmenopausal women.
Methods
Forty women receiving and 38 women not receiving HRT were included and baseline and sixth month blood pressure, weight, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, blood lipid profile, inflammatory markers (homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and insulin, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results were evaluated.
Results
The mean age was 52.6 ± 4.9 and 52.2 ± 5.0 years in the HRT and Control Groups, respectively. Whereas there was no change in the Controls, the weight, waist/hip ratio, and BMI increased and diastolic blood pressure decreased in the HRT patients. LDL-c, VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) levels were significantly higher in the HRT Group in the sixth month; however, total cholesterol and LDL-c increased in the Controls but VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) did not. CRP and homocysteine significantly increased and fibrinogen decreased, whereas in the Control Group no significant change was detected. A significant improvement in HbA1c and OGTT was found in both the groups, whereas a significant reduction was measured only in the HRT Group.
Conclusions
In response to 6 months of HRT, there was an increase in weight, BMI, and waist/hip ratio as known cardiovascular risk factors, but no significant impact on lipid profile and glucose metabolism could have been clearly demonstrated. A mixed effect profile of HRT on the state of inflammation (increase in CRP and homocysteine, decrease in fibrinogen) was observed.</description><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - drug effects</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>C-Reactive Protein - metabolism</subject><subject>Carbohydrate Metabolism - drug effects</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - chemically induced</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</subject><subject>Endocrinology</subject><subject>Estradiol - adverse effects</subject><subject>Estrogen Replacement Therapy - adverse effects</subject><subject>Estrogens - adverse effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibrinogen - metabolism</subject><subject>Gynecology</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Homocysteine</subject><subject>Homocysteine - blood</subject><subject>Hormone replacement therapy</subject><subject>Human Genetics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation - chemically induced</subject><subject>Inflammation - metabolism</subject><subject>Inflammation - prevention & control</subject><subject>Lipid Metabolism - drug effects</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Lipoproteins - blood</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Norethindrone - adverse effects</subject><subject>Norethindrone - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Postmenopause - metabolism</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><issn>0932-0067</issn><issn>1432-0711</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1v1DAQhi0EotvCD-CCLHHgFJhxEn8cUVWgUiUucLZcZ9ymOHGwE9Be-eV42ZUqIXHy2H7mnZEexl4hvEMA9b4AdNA1AKZBlKbZP2E77FrRgEJ8ynZgDjVIdcbOS3kAQKG1fM7O0PSm7ZXesd9XIZBfC0-B36c8pZl4piU6TxPNK1_vKbtlz9PM7-LmUyHu5oHHcRkHvuQUxkjl71MlvMvDmH664rfoMs9j-c4Xl91EK-XCx5kvqaw1Ny1uKy7yX6leXrBnwcVCL0_nBfv28err5efm5sun68sPN41vFa6NDAYwCKNRKi-BgBSJFnpBJiiNnVM96IHUbdBGOofDoRIKWwJFxvXtBXt7zK1r_9iorHYai6cY3UxpK1a1baeE6rCSb_4hH9KW57qcFUKi1h1oWSk8Uj6nUjIFu-RxcnlvEezBjz36sdWPPfix-9rz-pS83U40PHachFRAHIFSv-Y7yo-j_5_6B4jmnWg</recordid><startdate>20100501</startdate><enddate>20100501</enddate><creator>Bingol, Banu</creator><creator>Gunenc, Ziya</creator><creator>Yilmaz, Murat</creator><creator>Biri, Aydan</creator><creator>Tiras, Bülent</creator><creator>Güner, Haldun</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100501</creationdate><title>Effects of hormone replacement therapy on glucose and lipid profiles and on cardiovascular risk parameters in postmenopausal women</title><author>Bingol, Banu ; Gunenc, Ziya ; Yilmaz, Murat ; Biri, Aydan ; Tiras, Bülent ; Güner, Haldun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-6f901f298167c60e0e7e23052e9f7814a7508de7bf896aa1d7bf82713e07e9a53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - drug effects</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>C-Reactive Protein - metabolism</topic><topic>Carbohydrate Metabolism - drug effects</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - chemically induced</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</topic><topic>Endocrinology</topic><topic>Estradiol - adverse effects</topic><topic>Estrogen Replacement Therapy - adverse effects</topic><topic>Estrogens - adverse effects</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fibrinogen - metabolism</topic><topic>Gynecology</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Homocysteine</topic><topic>Homocysteine - blood</topic><topic>Hormone replacement therapy</topic><topic>Human Genetics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation - chemically induced</topic><topic>Inflammation - metabolism</topic><topic>Inflammation - prevention & control</topic><topic>Lipid Metabolism - drug effects</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Lipoproteins - blood</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Norethindrone - adverse effects</topic><topic>Norethindrone - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Postmenopause - metabolism</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bingol, Banu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunenc, Ziya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yilmaz, Murat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biri, Aydan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tiras, Bülent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Güner, Haldun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Medical collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Archives of gynecology and obstetrics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bingol, Banu</au><au>Gunenc, Ziya</au><au>Yilmaz, Murat</au><au>Biri, Aydan</au><au>Tiras, Bülent</au><au>Güner, Haldun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of hormone replacement therapy on glucose and lipid profiles and on cardiovascular risk parameters in postmenopausal women</atitle><jtitle>Archives of gynecology and obstetrics</jtitle><stitle>Arch Gynecol Obstet</stitle><addtitle>Arch Gynecol Obstet</addtitle><date>2010-05-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>281</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>857</spage><epage>864</epage><pages>857-864</pages><issn>0932-0067</issn><eissn>1432-0711</eissn><abstract>Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms and cardiovascular risk parameters in healthy postmenopausal women.
Methods
Forty women receiving and 38 women not receiving HRT were included and baseline and sixth month blood pressure, weight, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, blood lipid profile, inflammatory markers (homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and insulin, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results were evaluated.
Results
The mean age was 52.6 ± 4.9 and 52.2 ± 5.0 years in the HRT and Control Groups, respectively. Whereas there was no change in the Controls, the weight, waist/hip ratio, and BMI increased and diastolic blood pressure decreased in the HRT patients. LDL-c, VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) levels were significantly higher in the HRT Group in the sixth month; however, total cholesterol and LDL-c increased in the Controls but VLDL-c and lipoprotein (a) did not. CRP and homocysteine significantly increased and fibrinogen decreased, whereas in the Control Group no significant change was detected. A significant improvement in HbA1c and OGTT was found in both the groups, whereas a significant reduction was measured only in the HRT Group.
Conclusions
In response to 6 months of HRT, there was an increase in weight, BMI, and waist/hip ratio as known cardiovascular risk factors, but no significant impact on lipid profile and glucose metabolism could have been clearly demonstrated. A mixed effect profile of HRT on the state of inflammation (increase in CRP and homocysteine, decrease in fibrinogen) was observed.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>19593578</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00404-009-1169-y</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2010-05, Vol.281 (5), p.857-864 |
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| subjects | Biomarkers - blood Blood Glucose - drug effects Blood pressure C-Reactive Protein - metabolism Carbohydrate Metabolism - drug effects Cardiovascular Diseases - chemically induced Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Endocrinology Estradiol - adverse effects Estrogen Replacement Therapy - adverse effects Estrogens - adverse effects Female Fibrinogen - metabolism Gynecology Health risk assessment Homocysteine Homocysteine - blood Hormone replacement therapy Human Genetics Humans Inflammation - chemically induced Inflammation - metabolism Inflammation - prevention & control Lipid Metabolism - drug effects Lipids Lipoproteins - blood Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Norethindrone - adverse effects Norethindrone - analogs & derivatives Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery Original Article Postmenopause - metabolism Risk Factors |
| title | Effects of hormone replacement therapy on glucose and lipid profiles and on cardiovascular risk parameters in postmenopausal women |
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