Cause-specific mortality in British coal workers and exposure to respirable dust and quartz

ObjectivesIn the 1950s the Pneumoconiosis Field Research (PFR) programme was set up to study the health of British coal workers. Studies included regular health surveys, an intensive characterisation of workers' individual exposures, and entry to a cohort followed up to the present for cause-sp...

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Veröffentlicht in:Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England) England), 2010-04, Vol.67 (4), p.270-276
Hauptverfasser: Miller, Brian G, MacCalman, Laura
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MacCalman, Laura
description ObjectivesIn the 1950s the Pneumoconiosis Field Research (PFR) programme was set up to study the health of British coal workers. Studies included regular health surveys, an intensive characterisation of workers' individual exposures, and entry to a cohort followed up to the present for cause-specific mortality. This study reports on analyses of cause-specific mortality in a cohort of almost 18 000 men from 10 British collieries.MethodsExternal analyses used standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), comparing observed mortality with reference rates from the regions in which the collieries were situated. Causes investigated include lung and stomach cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular endpoints. Internal analyses used Cox regression models with time-dependent exposures adjusting for the confounding effects of age, smoking, cohort entry date and regional differences in population mortality rates.ResultsSeveral causes showed evidence of a healthy worker effect early in the follow-up, with a deficit in the SMR diminishing over time. For most of the causes there was a significant excess in the latter part of follow-up.Internal analyses found evidence of an association between increased risks of lung cancer and increased quartz exposure, particularly at a lag of 15 years.Risks of mortality from non-malignant respiratory disease showed increases with increased exposure to respirable dust.ConclusionsThis paper adds to the evidence on the long-term effects of exposure to coalmine dust on mortality from respiratory diseases.
doi_str_mv 10.1136/oem.2009.046151
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Studies included regular health surveys, an intensive characterisation of workers' individual exposures, and entry to a cohort followed up to the present for cause-specific mortality. This study reports on analyses of cause-specific mortality in a cohort of almost 18 000 men from 10 British collieries.MethodsExternal analyses used standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), comparing observed mortality with reference rates from the regions in which the collieries were situated. Causes investigated include lung and stomach cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular endpoints. Internal analyses used Cox regression models with time-dependent exposures adjusting for the confounding effects of age, smoking, cohort entry date and regional differences in population mortality rates.ResultsSeveral causes showed evidence of a healthy worker effect early in the follow-up, with a deficit in the SMR diminishing over time. For most of the causes there was a significant excess in the latter part of follow-up.Internal analyses found evidence of an association between increased risks of lung cancer and increased quartz exposure, particularly at a lag of 15 years.Risks of mortality from non-malignant respiratory disease showed increases with increased exposure to respirable dust.ConclusionsThis paper adds to the evidence on the long-term effects of exposure to coalmine dust on mortality from respiratory diseases.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1351-0711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1470-7926</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/oem.2009.046151</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19819863</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cause of Death ; Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; coal dust ; Coal mines ; Coal Mining ; Coal workers ; Dust ; Dust - analysis ; Exposure ; Health risk assessment ; Humans ; Inorganic dusts (pneumoconiosises) and organic dusts (byssinosis etc.) ; Lung cancer ; Lung Neoplasms - etiology ; Lung Neoplasms - mortality ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Mortality risk ; mortality studies ; Occupational Diseases - etiology ; Occupational Diseases - mortality ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Particulate Matter - toxicity ; Pneumoconiosis ; Pneumoconiosis - etiology ; Pneumoconiosis - mortality ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - etiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - mortality ; Quartz ; Quartz - analysis ; Quartz - toxicity ; Respiratory diseases ; Risk Factors ; silica ; Studies ; Time Factors ; Toxicology ; United Kingdom - epidemiology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England), 2010-04, Vol.67 (4), p.270-276</ispartof><rights>2010, Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited For permission to use, (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright: 2010 (c) 2010, Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited For permission to use, (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b427t-e9c666c20c3844aca1e10fcc432c540b7ed50b9afa9eb0b36d3c14b1fbddc03d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b427t-e9c666c20c3844aca1e10fcc432c540b7ed50b9afa9eb0b36d3c14b1fbddc03d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://oem.bmj.com/content/67/4/270.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://oem.bmj.com/content/67/4/270.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>114,115,314,780,784,3196,23571,27924,27925,77600,77631</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=22529960$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19819863$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Miller, Brian G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacCalman, Laura</creatorcontrib><title>Cause-specific mortality in British coal workers and exposure to respirable dust and quartz</title><title>Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England)</title><addtitle>Occup Environ Med</addtitle><description>ObjectivesIn the 1950s the Pneumoconiosis Field Research (PFR) programme was set up to study the health of British coal workers. Studies included regular health surveys, an intensive characterisation of workers' individual exposures, and entry to a cohort followed up to the present for cause-specific mortality. This study reports on analyses of cause-specific mortality in a cohort of almost 18 000 men from 10 British collieries.MethodsExternal analyses used standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), comparing observed mortality with reference rates from the regions in which the collieries were situated. Causes investigated include lung and stomach cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular endpoints. Internal analyses used Cox regression models with time-dependent exposures adjusting for the confounding effects of age, smoking, cohort entry date and regional differences in population mortality rates.ResultsSeveral causes showed evidence of a healthy worker effect early in the follow-up, with a deficit in the SMR diminishing over time. For most of the causes there was a significant excess in the latter part of follow-up.Internal analyses found evidence of an association between increased risks of lung cancer and increased quartz exposure, particularly at a lag of 15 years.Risks of mortality from non-malignant respiratory disease showed increases with increased exposure to respirable dust.ConclusionsThis paper adds to the evidence on the long-term effects of exposure to coalmine dust on mortality from respiratory diseases.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cause of Death</subject><subject>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. 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Toxic occupational diseases</topic><topic>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</topic><topic>coal dust</topic><topic>Coal mines</topic><topic>Coal Mining</topic><topic>Coal workers</topic><topic>Dust</topic><topic>Dust - analysis</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inorganic dusts (pneumoconiosises) and organic dusts (byssinosis etc.)</topic><topic>Lung cancer</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - etiology</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mortality risk</topic><topic>mortality studies</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - mortality</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - toxicity</topic><topic>Pneumoconiosis</topic><topic>Pneumoconiosis - etiology</topic><topic>Pneumoconiosis - mortality</topic><topic>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - etiology</topic><topic>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - mortality</topic><topic>Quartz</topic><topic>Quartz - analysis</topic><topic>Quartz - toxicity</topic><topic>Respiratory diseases</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>silica</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>United Kingdom - epidemiology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Miller, Brian G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacCalman, Laura</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; 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Studies included regular health surveys, an intensive characterisation of workers' individual exposures, and entry to a cohort followed up to the present for cause-specific mortality. This study reports on analyses of cause-specific mortality in a cohort of almost 18 000 men from 10 British collieries.MethodsExternal analyses used standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), comparing observed mortality with reference rates from the regions in which the collieries were situated. Causes investigated include lung and stomach cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular endpoints. Internal analyses used Cox regression models with time-dependent exposures adjusting for the confounding effects of age, smoking, cohort entry date and regional differences in population mortality rates.ResultsSeveral causes showed evidence of a healthy worker effect early in the follow-up, with a deficit in the SMR diminishing over time. For most of the causes there was a significant excess in the latter part of follow-up.Internal analyses found evidence of an association between increased risks of lung cancer and increased quartz exposure, particularly at a lag of 15 years.Risks of mortality from non-malignant respiratory disease showed increases with increased exposure to respirable dust.ConclusionsThis paper adds to the evidence on the long-term effects of exposure to coalmine dust on mortality from respiratory diseases.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</pub><pmid>19819863</pmid><doi>10.1136/oem.2009.046151</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Cause of Death
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
coal dust
Coal mines
Coal Mining
Coal workers
Dust
Dust - analysis
Exposure
Health risk assessment
Humans
Inorganic dusts (pneumoconiosises) and organic dusts (byssinosis etc.)
Lung cancer
Lung Neoplasms - etiology
Lung Neoplasms - mortality
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Mortality
Mortality risk
mortality studies
Occupational Diseases - etiology
Occupational Diseases - mortality
Occupational Exposure - adverse effects
Particulate Matter - toxicity
Pneumoconiosis
Pneumoconiosis - etiology
Pneumoconiosis - mortality
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - etiology
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - mortality
Quartz
Quartz - analysis
Quartz - toxicity
Respiratory diseases
Risk Factors
silica
Studies
Time Factors
Toxicology
United Kingdom - epidemiology
Young Adult
title Cause-specific mortality in British coal workers and exposure to respirable dust and quartz
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