Smell test predicts performance on delayed recall memory test in elderly with depression
Introduction Elderly with depression are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Smell tests are correlated with performance on cognitive tests in the elderly and therefore might serve as a screening test for cognitive impairment in depressed elderly. Purpose To assess the validity...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of geriatric psychiatry 2009-04, Vol.24 (4), p.376-381 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 381 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 4 |
| container_start_page | 376 |
| container_title | International journal of geriatric psychiatry |
| container_volume | 24 |
| creator | Scalco, Monica Z. Streiner, David L. Rewilak, Dmytro Castel, Saulo Van Reekum, Robert |
| description | Introduction
Elderly with depression are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Smell tests are correlated with performance on cognitive tests in the elderly and therefore might serve as a screening test for cognitive impairment in depressed elderly.
Purpose
To assess the validity of the CC‐SIT (Cross‐Cultural Smell Identification Test) as a screening test for cognitive impairment in elderly with depression.
Methods
Forty‐one patients, aged 60 and over, were assessed with the CC‐SIT and CVLT (California Verbal Learning Test) after 3 months treatment of a Major Depressive Episode (DSM‐IV) at the Day Hospital for Depression, Baycrest. Patients already diagnosed with dementia, or other psychiatric and neurological disorders, were excluded. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was applied to assess the CC‐SIT's accuracy in identifying individuals with impairment (2 SD below the mean for age and education or less) on CVLT delayed recall trials.
Results
Forty‐one patients (33 women and eight men) were assessed. Mean age was 76.8 (SD: 6.5), mean HRSD scores before treatment was 22.0 (SD: 5.1). Nine patients had impairment on CVLT delayed recall measures. The area under the ROC curve was 0.776 (95% CI = 0.617–0.936).
Conclusions
Our results support the use of the CC‐SIT as a screening tool for cognitive impairment among elderly with depression as an indicator for the need of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Replication with larger samples is necessary. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/gps.2132 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_733324179</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>21140979</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4462-6e032c8c38e46a68ab4f798829cc20994610afdfcd4d3cac27791a408ec456383</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp90VtrFDEUAOAgSrutBX-BDIKXl2lzkkwmeSzFrkKxta2ubyHNnNHUuZnMUuffN-sOFQT7lEC-nCshL4AeAqXs6PsQDxlw9oQsgGqdA0j5lCyoUkUuGae7ZC_GW0rTG6gdsgtKgQCtF-TbVYtNk40Yx2wIWHk3xmzAUPehtZ3DrO-yChs7YZUFdDbZFts-TNsvvsuwqTA0U3bnxx-JpiAx-r57Tp7Vtol4MJ_75Mvp--uTD_nZ-fLjyfFZ7oSQLJdIOXPKcYVCWqnsjahLrRTTzrFUrpBAbV3VrhIVd9axstRgBVXoRCG54vvk7TbuEPpf61STaX10qSfbYb-OpuScMwGlTvLNo5IBCKr_wFf_wNt-HbrUhWGMFgXTxSbvuy1yoY8xYG2G4FsbJgPUbJZi0lLMZimJvpzjrW9arP7CeQsJvJ6BjWnEdUiT9_HBMWAllXKTM9-6O9_g9N-EZnlxNSeevY8j_n7wNvw0suRlYVaflubr58vr1WqZLvwe7f2xXg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>220552958</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Smell test predicts performance on delayed recall memory test in elderly with depression</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><creator>Scalco, Monica Z. ; Streiner, David L. ; Rewilak, Dmytro ; Castel, Saulo ; Van Reekum, Robert</creator><creatorcontrib>Scalco, Monica Z. ; Streiner, David L. ; Rewilak, Dmytro ; Castel, Saulo ; Van Reekum, Robert</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction
Elderly with depression are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Smell tests are correlated with performance on cognitive tests in the elderly and therefore might serve as a screening test for cognitive impairment in depressed elderly.
Purpose
To assess the validity of the CC‐SIT (Cross‐Cultural Smell Identification Test) as a screening test for cognitive impairment in elderly with depression.
Methods
Forty‐one patients, aged 60 and over, were assessed with the CC‐SIT and CVLT (California Verbal Learning Test) after 3 months treatment of a Major Depressive Episode (DSM‐IV) at the Day Hospital for Depression, Baycrest. Patients already diagnosed with dementia, or other psychiatric and neurological disorders, were excluded. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was applied to assess the CC‐SIT's accuracy in identifying individuals with impairment (2 SD below the mean for age and education or less) on CVLT delayed recall trials.
Results
Forty‐one patients (33 women and eight men) were assessed. Mean age was 76.8 (SD: 6.5), mean HRSD scores before treatment was 22.0 (SD: 5.1). Nine patients had impairment on CVLT delayed recall measures. The area under the ROC curve was 0.776 (95% CI = 0.617–0.936).
Conclusions
Our results support the use of the CC‐SIT as a screening tool for cognitive impairment among elderly with depression as an indicator for the need of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Replication with larger samples is necessary. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0885-6230</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-1166</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/gps.2132</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18814199</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJGPES</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Canada ; Cognition Disorders - diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders - psychology ; cognitive impairment ; Dementia ; Dementia - diagnosis ; Dementia - psychology ; depression ; Depressive Disorder - diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder - psychology ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; elderly ; Female ; Geriatric psychiatry ; Geriatric psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Memory ; Mental depression ; Mental Recall - physiology ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Older people ; prediction ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Recall ; Risk Factors ; ROC Curve ; screening ; Smell ; smell test ; Techniques and methods</subject><ispartof>International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2009-04, Vol.24 (4), p.376-381</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>(c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright John Wiley and Sons, Limited Apr 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4462-6e032c8c38e46a68ab4f798829cc20994610afdfcd4d3cac27791a408ec456383</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4462-6e032c8c38e46a68ab4f798829cc20994610afdfcd4d3cac27791a408ec456383</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fgps.2132$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fgps.2132$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21270668$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18814199$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Scalco, Monica Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Streiner, David L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rewilak, Dmytro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castel, Saulo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Reekum, Robert</creatorcontrib><title>Smell test predicts performance on delayed recall memory test in elderly with depression</title><title>International journal of geriatric psychiatry</title><addtitle>Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Introduction
Elderly with depression are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Smell tests are correlated with performance on cognitive tests in the elderly and therefore might serve as a screening test for cognitive impairment in depressed elderly.
Purpose
To assess the validity of the CC‐SIT (Cross‐Cultural Smell Identification Test) as a screening test for cognitive impairment in elderly with depression.
Methods
Forty‐one patients, aged 60 and over, were assessed with the CC‐SIT and CVLT (California Verbal Learning Test) after 3 months treatment of a Major Depressive Episode (DSM‐IV) at the Day Hospital for Depression, Baycrest. Patients already diagnosed with dementia, or other psychiatric and neurological disorders, were excluded. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was applied to assess the CC‐SIT's accuracy in identifying individuals with impairment (2 SD below the mean for age and education or less) on CVLT delayed recall trials.
Results
Forty‐one patients (33 women and eight men) were assessed. Mean age was 76.8 (SD: 6.5), mean HRSD scores before treatment was 22.0 (SD: 5.1). Nine patients had impairment on CVLT delayed recall measures. The area under the ROC curve was 0.776 (95% CI = 0.617–0.936).
Conclusions
Our results support the use of the CC‐SIT as a screening tool for cognitive impairment among elderly with depression as an indicator for the need of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Replication with larger samples is necessary. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Canada</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>cognitive impairment</subject><subject>Dementia</subject><subject>Dementia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dementia - psychology</subject><subject>depression</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - diagnosis</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - psychology</subject><subject>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</subject><subject>elderly</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Geriatric psychiatry</subject><subject>Geriatric psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental Recall - physiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>prediction</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Recall</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>ROC Curve</subject><subject>screening</subject><subject>Smell</subject><subject>smell test</subject><subject>Techniques and methods</subject><issn>0885-6230</issn><issn>1099-1166</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp90VtrFDEUAOAgSrutBX-BDIKXl2lzkkwmeSzFrkKxta2ubyHNnNHUuZnMUuffN-sOFQT7lEC-nCshL4AeAqXs6PsQDxlw9oQsgGqdA0j5lCyoUkUuGae7ZC_GW0rTG6gdsgtKgQCtF-TbVYtNk40Yx2wIWHk3xmzAUPehtZ3DrO-yChs7YZUFdDbZFts-TNsvvsuwqTA0U3bnxx-JpiAx-r57Tp7Vtol4MJ_75Mvp--uTD_nZ-fLjyfFZ7oSQLJdIOXPKcYVCWqnsjahLrRTTzrFUrpBAbV3VrhIVd9axstRgBVXoRCG54vvk7TbuEPpf61STaX10qSfbYb-OpuScMwGlTvLNo5IBCKr_wFf_wNt-HbrUhWGMFgXTxSbvuy1yoY8xYG2G4FsbJgPUbJZi0lLMZimJvpzjrW9arP7CeQsJvJ6BjWnEdUiT9_HBMWAllXKTM9-6O9_g9N-EZnlxNSeevY8j_n7wNvw0suRlYVaflubr58vr1WqZLvwe7f2xXg</recordid><startdate>200904</startdate><enddate>200904</enddate><creator>Scalco, Monica Z.</creator><creator>Streiner, David L.</creator><creator>Rewilak, Dmytro</creator><creator>Castel, Saulo</creator><creator>Van Reekum, Robert</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</general><general>Psychology Press</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200904</creationdate><title>Smell test predicts performance on delayed recall memory test in elderly with depression</title><author>Scalco, Monica Z. ; Streiner, David L. ; Rewilak, Dmytro ; Castel, Saulo ; Van Reekum, Robert</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4462-6e032c8c38e46a68ab4f798829cc20994610afdfcd4d3cac27791a408ec456383</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Canada</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - diagnosis</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - psychology</topic><topic>cognitive impairment</topic><topic>Dementia</topic><topic>Dementia - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dementia - psychology</topic><topic>depression</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - diagnosis</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - psychology</topic><topic>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</topic><topic>elderly</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Geriatric psychiatry</topic><topic>Geriatric psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Memory</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mental Recall - physiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neuropsychological Tests</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>prediction</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Recall</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>ROC Curve</topic><topic>screening</topic><topic>Smell</topic><topic>smell test</topic><topic>Techniques and methods</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Scalco, Monica Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Streiner, David L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rewilak, Dmytro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castel, Saulo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Reekum, Robert</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of geriatric psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Scalco, Monica Z.</au><au>Streiner, David L.</au><au>Rewilak, Dmytro</au><au>Castel, Saulo</au><au>Van Reekum, Robert</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Smell test predicts performance on delayed recall memory test in elderly with depression</atitle><jtitle>International journal of geriatric psychiatry</jtitle><addtitle>Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2009-04</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>376</spage><epage>381</epage><pages>376-381</pages><issn>0885-6230</issn><eissn>1099-1166</eissn><coden>IJGPES</coden><abstract>Introduction
Elderly with depression are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Smell tests are correlated with performance on cognitive tests in the elderly and therefore might serve as a screening test for cognitive impairment in depressed elderly.
Purpose
To assess the validity of the CC‐SIT (Cross‐Cultural Smell Identification Test) as a screening test for cognitive impairment in elderly with depression.
Methods
Forty‐one patients, aged 60 and over, were assessed with the CC‐SIT and CVLT (California Verbal Learning Test) after 3 months treatment of a Major Depressive Episode (DSM‐IV) at the Day Hospital for Depression, Baycrest. Patients already diagnosed with dementia, or other psychiatric and neurological disorders, were excluded. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was applied to assess the CC‐SIT's accuracy in identifying individuals with impairment (2 SD below the mean for age and education or less) on CVLT delayed recall trials.
Results
Forty‐one patients (33 women and eight men) were assessed. Mean age was 76.8 (SD: 6.5), mean HRSD scores before treatment was 22.0 (SD: 5.1). Nine patients had impairment on CVLT delayed recall measures. The area under the ROC curve was 0.776 (95% CI = 0.617–0.936).
Conclusions
Our results support the use of the CC‐SIT as a screening tool for cognitive impairment among elderly with depression as an indicator for the need of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Replication with larger samples is necessary. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</abstract><cop>Chichester, UK</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</pub><pmid>18814199</pmid><doi>10.1002/gps.2132</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0885-6230 |
| ispartof | International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2009-04, Vol.24 (4), p.376-381 |
| issn | 0885-6230 1099-1166 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_733324179 |
| source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library |
| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Canada Cognition Disorders - diagnosis Cognition Disorders - psychology cognitive impairment Dementia Dementia - diagnosis Dementia - psychology depression Depressive Disorder - diagnosis Depressive Disorder - psychology Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders elderly Female Geriatric psychiatry Geriatric psychology Humans Male Medical sciences Memory Mental depression Mental Recall - physiology Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Older people prediction Predictive Value of Tests Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems Psychopathology. Psychiatry Recall Risk Factors ROC Curve screening Smell smell test Techniques and methods |
| title | Smell test predicts performance on delayed recall memory test in elderly with depression |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-21T13%3A11%3A15IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Smell%20test%20predicts%20performance%20on%20delayed%20recall%20memory%20test%20in%20elderly%20with%20depression&rft.jtitle=International%20journal%20of%20geriatric%20psychiatry&rft.au=Scalco,%20Monica%20Z.&rft.date=2009-04&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=376&rft.epage=381&rft.pages=376-381&rft.issn=0885-6230&rft.eissn=1099-1166&rft.coden=IJGPES&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/gps.2132&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E21140979%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=220552958&rft_id=info:pmid/18814199&rfr_iscdi=true |