Direct Observations of Excess Solar Absorption by Clouds
Aircraft measurements of solar flux in the cloudy tropical atmosphere reveal that solar absorption by clouds is anomalously large when compared to theoretical estimates. The ratio of cloud forcing at an altitude of 20 kilometers to that at the surface is 1.58 rather than 1.0, as predicted by models....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science 1995-03, Vol.267 (5204), p.1626-1629 |
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| container_title | Science |
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| creator | Pilewskie, Peter Francisco P. J. Valero |
| description | Aircraft measurements of solar flux in the cloudy tropical atmosphere reveal that solar absorption by clouds is anomalously large when compared to theoretical estimates. The ratio of cloud forcing at an altitude of 20 kilometers to that at the surface is 1.58 rather than 1.0, as predicted by models. These results were derived from a cloud radiation experiment in which identical instrumentation was deployed on coordinated stacked aircraft. These findings indicate a significant difference between measurements and theory and imply that the interaction between clouds and solar radiation is poorly understood. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.267.5204.1626 |
| format | Article |
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J. Valero</creatorcontrib><title>Direct Observations of Excess Solar Absorption by Clouds</title><title>Science</title><addtitle>Science</addtitle><description>Aircraft measurements of solar flux in the cloudy tropical atmosphere reveal that solar absorption by clouds is anomalously large when compared to theoretical estimates. The ratio of cloud forcing at an altitude of 20 kilometers to that at the surface is 1.58 rather than 1.0, as predicted by models. These results were derived from a cloud radiation experiment in which identical instrumentation was deployed on coordinated stacked aircraft. These findings indicate a significant difference between measurements and theory and imply that the interaction between clouds and solar radiation is poorly understood.</description><subject>ABSORPTION</subject><subject>Aircraft</subject><subject>Albedo</subject><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Atmospherics</subject><subject>CLOUDS</subject><subject>Clouds (Meteorology)</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>External geophysics</subject><subject>Flight altitude</subject><subject>Geographic regions</subject><subject>Meteorology</subject><subject>Radiative transfer. Solar radiation</subject><subject>SOLAR FLUX</subject><subject>SOLAR RADIATION</subject><subject>Sorption</subject><subject>Space flight</subject><subject>TROPICAL REGIONS</subject><subject>Water in the atmosphere (humidity, clouds, evaporation, precipitation)</subject><issn>0036-8075</issn><issn>1095-9203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqN0l2LEzEUBuBBFLeu_gOVEUS92Kn5mEwyl9261oViL1a9DWlyUmeZTmrOdNn996ZMWSkUKbkI5DwJSc6bZW8oGVPKqs9oG-gsjFklx4KRckwrVj3JRpTUoqgZ4U-zESG8KhSR4ix7gXhLSKrV_Hl2RqUiisp6lKkvTQTb54slQrwzfRM6zIPPr-4tIOY3oTUxnywxxM2uli8f8mkbtg5fZs-8aRFe7efz7OfXqx_Tb8V8MbueTuaFVYT2hWfecVGT0lhHFWdCUO6UqYRTpWXS1aXzTIJNDkASVXpTe-uXDjxxygp-nr0bzg3YNzq9ugf724auS7fWlKSj62Q-DmYTw58tYK_XDVpoW9NB2KKWnDPKCKuS_PBfSdOvMKl4ghcDXJkWdNP50EdjV9BBNG3owDdpeUIrVTOhSOLFEZ6Gg3Vjj_lPBz6RHu77ldki6uub7yfTxa-T6eXsVKpm8wN6cYza0LawAp26PV0ccDFwGwNiBK83sVmb-JC6pXfR1fvo6hRdvYuu3kU37Xu7b812uQb3b9c-qwm83wOD1rQ-ms42-Oh4WUomWGKvB3aLfYiPZaZUJUvC_wIYPfxM</recordid><startdate>19950317</startdate><enddate>19950317</enddate><creator>Pilewskie, Peter</creator><creator>Francisco P. 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Valero</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c801t-f2fd35904acd18325513d8a65d84c27d94df27ecf2fee7084fa9fcfbdef0d8c53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>ABSORPTION</topic><topic>Aircraft</topic><topic>Albedo</topic><topic>Altitude</topic><topic>Atmospherics</topic><topic>CLOUDS</topic><topic>Clouds (Meteorology)</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Environmental aspects</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>External geophysics</topic><topic>Flight altitude</topic><topic>Geographic regions</topic><topic>Meteorology</topic><topic>Radiative transfer. Solar radiation</topic><topic>SOLAR FLUX</topic><topic>SOLAR RADIATION</topic><topic>Sorption</topic><topic>Space flight</topic><topic>TROPICAL REGIONS</topic><topic>Water in the atmosphere (humidity, clouds, evaporation, precipitation)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pilewskie, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Francisco P. J. 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Valero</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Direct Observations of Excess Solar Absorption by Clouds</atitle><jtitle>Science</jtitle><addtitle>Science</addtitle><date>1995-03-17</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>267</volume><issue>5204</issue><spage>1626</spage><epage>1629</epage><pages>1626-1629</pages><issn>0036-8075</issn><eissn>1095-9203</eissn><coden>SCIEAS</coden><abstract>Aircraft measurements of solar flux in the cloudy tropical atmosphere reveal that solar absorption by clouds is anomalously large when compared to theoretical estimates. The ratio of cloud forcing at an altitude of 20 kilometers to that at the surface is 1.58 rather than 1.0, as predicted by models. These results were derived from a cloud radiation experiment in which identical instrumentation was deployed on coordinated stacked aircraft. 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| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0036-8075 |
| ispartof | Science, 1995-03, Vol.267 (5204), p.1626-1629 |
| issn | 0036-8075 1095-9203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_733212026 |
| source | JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| subjects | ABSORPTION Aircraft Albedo Altitude Atmospherics CLOUDS Clouds (Meteorology) Earth, ocean, space Environmental aspects ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Flight altitude Geographic regions Meteorology Radiative transfer. Solar radiation SOLAR FLUX SOLAR RADIATION Sorption Space flight TROPICAL REGIONS Water in the atmosphere (humidity, clouds, evaporation, precipitation) |
| title | Direct Observations of Excess Solar Absorption by Clouds |
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