Characterization of biological diversity through analysis of discrete cranial traits
In the present study, the frequency distributions of 20 discrete cranial traits in 70 major human populations from around the world were analyzed. The principal‐coordinate and neighbor‐joining analyses of Smith's mean measure of divergence (MMD), based on trait frequencies, indicate that 1) the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of physical anthropology 2003-07, Vol.121 (3), p.241-251 |
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| creator | Hanihara, Tsunehiko Ishida, Hajime Dodo, Yukio |
| description | In the present study, the frequency distributions of 20 discrete cranial traits in 70 major human populations from around the world were analyzed. The principal‐coordinate and neighbor‐joining analyses of Smith's mean measure of divergence (MMD), based on trait frequencies, indicate that 1) the clustering pattern is similar to those based on classic genetic markers, DNA polymorphisms, and craniometrics; 2) significant interregional separation and intraregional diversity are present in Subsaharan Africans; 3) clinal relationships exist among regional groups; 4) intraregional discontinuity exists in some populations inhabiting peripheral or isolated areas. For example, the Ainu are the most distinct outliers of the East Asian populations. These patterns suggest that founder effects, genetic drift, isolation, and population structure are the primary causes of regional variation in discrete cranial traits. Our results are compatible with a single origin for modern humans as well as the multiregional model, similar to the results of Relethford and Harpending ([1994] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 95:249–270). The results presented here provide additional measures of the morphological variation and diversification of modern human populations. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ajpa.10233 |
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The principal‐coordinate and neighbor‐joining analyses of Smith's mean measure of divergence (MMD), based on trait frequencies, indicate that 1) the clustering pattern is similar to those based on classic genetic markers, DNA polymorphisms, and craniometrics; 2) significant interregional separation and intraregional diversity are present in Subsaharan Africans; 3) clinal relationships exist among regional groups; 4) intraregional discontinuity exists in some populations inhabiting peripheral or isolated areas. For example, the Ainu are the most distinct outliers of the East Asian populations. These patterns suggest that founder effects, genetic drift, isolation, and population structure are the primary causes of regional variation in discrete cranial traits. Our results are compatible with a single origin for modern humans as well as the multiregional model, similar to the results of Relethford and Harpending ([1994] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 95:249–270). The results presented here provide additional measures of the morphological variation and diversification of modern human populations. 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J. Phys. Anthropol</addtitle><description>In the present study, the frequency distributions of 20 discrete cranial traits in 70 major human populations from around the world were analyzed. The principal‐coordinate and neighbor‐joining analyses of Smith's mean measure of divergence (MMD), based on trait frequencies, indicate that 1) the clustering pattern is similar to those based on classic genetic markers, DNA polymorphisms, and craniometrics; 2) significant interregional separation and intraregional diversity are present in Subsaharan Africans; 3) clinal relationships exist among regional groups; 4) intraregional discontinuity exists in some populations inhabiting peripheral or isolated areas. For example, the Ainu are the most distinct outliers of the East Asian populations. These patterns suggest that founder effects, genetic drift, isolation, and population structure are the primary causes of regional variation in discrete cranial traits. Our results are compatible with a single origin for modern humans as well as the multiregional model, similar to the results of Relethford and Harpending ([1994] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 95:249–270). The results presented here provide additional measures of the morphological variation and diversification of modern human populations. 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| subjects | Anthropology Anthropology, Physical Biology Cephalometry - methods Cephalometry - statistics & numerical data Continental Population Groups - classification Difference DNA Excavation and methods Female geographical variation Geography Human origins Humans interpopulation relationships Laboratory methods Male Methodology and general studies modern human origins Morphology nonmetric cranial traits Physical and chemical analysis Physical anthropology Population Prehistory and protohistory Variance |
| title | Characterization of biological diversity through analysis of discrete cranial traits |
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