Initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus into European pigs
The initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus (pH1N1) into a European pig population is reported. Diagnosis of swine influenza caused by pandemic virus was made during September 2009 following routine submission of samples for differential diagnosis of causative agents of respirato...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Veterinary record 2010-05, Vol.166 (21), p.642-645 |
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| creator | Welsh, M. D. Baird, P. M. Guelbenzu-Gonzalo, M. P. Hanna, A. Reid, S. M. Essen, S. Russell, C. Thomas, S. Barrass, L. McNeilly, F. McKillen, J. Todd, D. Harkin, V. McDowell, S. Choudhury, B. Irvine, R. M. Borobia, J. Grant, J. Brown, I. H. |
| description | The initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus (pH1N1) into a European pig population is reported. Diagnosis of swine influenza caused by pandemic virus was made during September 2009 following routine submission of samples for differential diagnosis of causative agents of respiratory disease, including influenza A virus. All four pigs (aged six weeks) submitted for investigation from a pig herd of approximately 5000 animals in Northern Ireland, experiencing acute-onset respiratory signs in finishing and growing pigs, were positive by immunofluorescence for influenza A. Follow-up analysis of lung tissue homogenates by real-time RT-PCR confirmed the presence of pH1N1. The virus was subsequently detected on two other premises in Northern Ireland; on one premises, detection followed the pre-export health certification testing of samples from pigs presumed to be subclinically infected as no clinical signs were apparent. None of the premises was linked to another epidemiologically. Sequencing of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed high nucleotide identity (>99.4 per cent) with other pH1N1s isolated from human beings. Genotypic analyses revealed all gene segments to be most closely related to those of contemporary pH1N1 viruses in human beings. It is concluded that all three outbreaks occurred independently, potentially as a result of transmission of the virus from human beings to pigs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/vr.4851 |
| format | Article |
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D. ; Baird, P. M. ; Guelbenzu-Gonzalo, M. P. ; Hanna, A. ; Reid, S. M. ; Essen, S. ; Russell, C. ; Thomas, S. ; Barrass, L. ; McNeilly, F. ; McKillen, J. ; Todd, D. ; Harkin, V. ; McDowell, S. ; Choudhury, B. ; Irvine, R. M. ; Borobia, J. ; Grant, J. ; Brown, I. H.</creator><creatorcontrib>Welsh, M. D. ; Baird, P. M. ; Guelbenzu-Gonzalo, M. P. ; Hanna, A. ; Reid, S. M. ; Essen, S. ; Russell, C. ; Thomas, S. ; Barrass, L. ; McNeilly, F. ; McKillen, J. ; Todd, D. ; Harkin, V. ; McDowell, S. ; Choudhury, B. ; Irvine, R. M. ; Borobia, J. ; Grant, J. ; Brown, I. H.</creatorcontrib><description>The initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus (pH1N1) into a European pig population is reported. Diagnosis of swine influenza caused by pandemic virus was made during September 2009 following routine submission of samples for differential diagnosis of causative agents of respiratory disease, including influenza A virus. All four pigs (aged six weeks) submitted for investigation from a pig herd of approximately 5000 animals in Northern Ireland, experiencing acute-onset respiratory signs in finishing and growing pigs, were positive by immunofluorescence for influenza A. Follow-up analysis of lung tissue homogenates by real-time RT-PCR confirmed the presence of pH1N1. The virus was subsequently detected on two other premises in Northern Ireland; on one premises, detection followed the pre-export health certification testing of samples from pigs presumed to be subclinically infected as no clinical signs were apparent. None of the premises was linked to another epidemiologically. Sequencing of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed high nucleotide identity (>99.4 per cent) with other pH1N1s isolated from human beings. Genotypic analyses revealed all gene segments to be most closely related to those of contemporary pH1N1 viruses in human beings. It is concluded that all three outbreaks occurred independently, potentially as a result of transmission of the virus from human beings to pigs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0042-4900</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2042-7670</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/vr.4851</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20495164</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group Limited</publisher><subject>Animals ; Disease Transmission, Infectious - veterinary ; Epidemiology ; Europe - epidemiology ; Genes ; Genotype ; Hogs ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human - epidemiology ; Influenza, Human - pathology ; Influenza, Human - transmission ; Influenza, Human - virology ; Laboratories ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - transmission ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - veterinary ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology ; Swine ; Swine Diseases - epidemiology ; Swine Diseases - pathology ; Swine Diseases - transmission ; Swine Diseases - virology ; Viruses ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Veterinary record, 2010-05, Vol.166 (21), p.642-645</ispartof><rights>British Veterinary Association. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>British Veterinary Association 2010</rights><rights>Copyright: 2010 British Veterinary Association. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b3767-29e8d2edc9356fbc35cfe2a696d13ecc037c6c95cf13c91ca86f361d5381a80c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b3767-29e8d2edc9356fbc35cfe2a696d13ecc037c6c95cf13c91ca86f361d5381a80c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1136%2Fvr.4851$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1136%2Fvr.4851$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20495164$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Welsh, M. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baird, P. 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H.</creatorcontrib><title>Initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus into European pigs</title><title>Veterinary record</title><addtitle>Vet Rec</addtitle><description>The initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus (pH1N1) into a European pig population is reported. Diagnosis of swine influenza caused by pandemic virus was made during September 2009 following routine submission of samples for differential diagnosis of causative agents of respiratory disease, including influenza A virus. All four pigs (aged six weeks) submitted for investigation from a pig herd of approximately 5000 animals in Northern Ireland, experiencing acute-onset respiratory signs in finishing and growing pigs, were positive by immunofluorescence for influenza A. Follow-up analysis of lung tissue homogenates by real-time RT-PCR confirmed the presence of pH1N1. The virus was subsequently detected on two other premises in Northern Ireland; on one premises, detection followed the pre-export health certification testing of samples from pigs presumed to be subclinically infected as no clinical signs were apparent. None of the premises was linked to another epidemiologically. Sequencing of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed high nucleotide identity (>99.4 per cent) with other pH1N1s isolated from human beings. Genotypic analyses revealed all gene segments to be most closely related to those of contemporary pH1N1 viruses in human beings. It is concluded that all three outbreaks occurred independently, potentially as a result of transmission of the virus from human beings to pigs.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Disease Transmission, Infectious - veterinary</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Europe - epidemiology</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Hogs</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics</subject><subject>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - pathology</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - transmission</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - virology</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Orthomyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Orthomyxoviridae Infections - transmission</subject><subject>Orthomyxoviridae Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Swine Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Swine Diseases - pathology</subject><subject>Swine Diseases - transmission</subject><subject>Swine Diseases - virology</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>0042-4900</issn><issn>2042-7670</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kFtLAzEQhYMoWi_4DyTog_rQmkl2s8mjStVCqSDqa0izWUnZm0m3or_elFYFoU8zDN85czgIHQMZADB-tfCDRKSwhXqUJLSf8Yxsox5Z7okkZA_thzAjhMqU0V20FyGZAk96aDKq3dzpErvadD64psZNgVtd57ZyBl88wAQuMSVERqIoO1t_aXyNF853IV7mDR52vmmtrnHr3sIh2il0GezReh6gl7vh8-1Df_x4P7q9HvenLGbrU2lFTm1uJEt5MTUsNYWlmkueA7PGEJYZbmS8AjMSjBa8YBzylAnQghh2gM5Xvq1v3jsb5qpywdiy1LVtuqAyxiAVgslInv0jZ03n6xhOQSYIUJJx8ednfBOCt4Vqvau0_1RA1LJhtfBq2XAkT9Z-3bSy-S_3U2kEyAr4cKX93OSjXofPTzd3IBOeRcnpSjKtZhsffwOz3I1x</recordid><startdate>20100522</startdate><enddate>20100522</enddate><creator>Welsh, M. 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D.</au><au>Baird, P. M.</au><au>Guelbenzu-Gonzalo, M. P.</au><au>Hanna, A.</au><au>Reid, S. M.</au><au>Essen, S.</au><au>Russell, C.</au><au>Thomas, S.</au><au>Barrass, L.</au><au>McNeilly, F.</au><au>McKillen, J.</au><au>Todd, D.</au><au>Harkin, V.</au><au>McDowell, S.</au><au>Choudhury, B.</au><au>Irvine, R. M.</au><au>Borobia, J.</au><au>Grant, J.</au><au>Brown, I. H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus into European pigs</atitle><jtitle>Veterinary record</jtitle><addtitle>Vet Rec</addtitle><date>2010-05-22</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>166</volume><issue>21</issue><spage>642</spage><epage>645</epage><pages>642-645</pages><issn>0042-4900</issn><eissn>2042-7670</eissn><abstract>The initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus (pH1N1) into a European pig population is reported. Diagnosis of swine influenza caused by pandemic virus was made during September 2009 following routine submission of samples for differential diagnosis of causative agents of respiratory disease, including influenza A virus. All four pigs (aged six weeks) submitted for investigation from a pig herd of approximately 5000 animals in Northern Ireland, experiencing acute-onset respiratory signs in finishing and growing pigs, were positive by immunofluorescence for influenza A. Follow-up analysis of lung tissue homogenates by real-time RT-PCR confirmed the presence of pH1N1. The virus was subsequently detected on two other premises in Northern Ireland; on one premises, detection followed the pre-export health certification testing of samples from pigs presumed to be subclinically infected as no clinical signs were apparent. None of the premises was linked to another epidemiologically. Sequencing of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed high nucleotide identity (>99.4 per cent) with other pH1N1s isolated from human beings. Genotypic analyses revealed all gene segments to be most closely related to those of contemporary pH1N1 viruses in human beings. It is concluded that all three outbreaks occurred independently, potentially as a result of transmission of the virus from human beings to pigs.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Limited</pub><pmid>20495164</pmid><doi>10.1136/vr.4851</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Veterinary record, 2010-05, Vol.166 (21), p.642-645 |
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| subjects | Animals Disease Transmission, Infectious - veterinary Epidemiology Europe - epidemiology Genes Genotype Hogs Humans Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - isolation & purification Influenza, Human - epidemiology Influenza, Human - pathology Influenza, Human - transmission Influenza, Human - virology Laboratories Orthomyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology Orthomyxoviridae Infections - transmission Orthomyxoviridae Infections - veterinary Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology Swine Swine Diseases - epidemiology Swine Diseases - pathology Swine Diseases - transmission Swine Diseases - virology Viruses Zoonoses |
| title | Initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus into European pigs |
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