Analysis of Carbon Metabolism and Improvement of γ-Polyglutamic Acid Production from Bacillus subtilis NX-2
Bacillus subtilis NX-2 produces γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) when using glucose and l-glutamate as carbon sources. The conversion of carbon sources into γ-PGA was analyzed with the ¹³C-NMR method after enriching the media with ¹³C-labeled glucose. The results showed that the percentage of γ-PGA monom...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2010-04, Vol.160 (8), p.2332-2341 |
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| creator | Yao, Jun Xu, Hong Shi, Ningning Cao, Xin Feng, Xiaohai Li, Sha Ouyang, Pingkai |
| description | Bacillus subtilis NX-2 produces γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) when using glucose and l-glutamate as carbon sources. The conversion of carbon sources into γ-PGA was analyzed with the ¹³C-NMR method after enriching the media with ¹³C-labeled glucose. The results showed that the percentage of γ-PGA monomers derived from glucose was relatively low, approximately 6% and 9%, respectively, with an initial glucose concentration of 30 and 40 g L⁻¹. It was concluded that glucose was utilized mainly as the growth-limiting substrate for cell growth and supplied the required energy during γ-PGA biosynthesis, while l-glutamate was preferred as the main substrate for γ-PGA formation. To achieve an efficient conversion of l-glutamate and enhance the γ-PGA production, a fed-batch culture was proposed by feeding of glucose. By this method, supplied l-glutamate (40 g L⁻¹) was completely depleted, and γ-PGA yield was attained 42 g L⁻¹. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12010-009-8798-2 |
| format | Article |
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The conversion of carbon sources into γ-PGA was analyzed with the ¹³C-NMR method after enriching the media with ¹³C-labeled glucose. The results showed that the percentage of γ-PGA monomers derived from glucose was relatively low, approximately 6% and 9%, respectively, with an initial glucose concentration of 30 and 40 g L⁻¹. It was concluded that glucose was utilized mainly as the growth-limiting substrate for cell growth and supplied the required energy during γ-PGA biosynthesis, while l-glutamate was preferred as the main substrate for γ-PGA formation. To achieve an efficient conversion of l-glutamate and enhance the γ-PGA production, a fed-batch culture was proposed by feeding of glucose. By this method, supplied l-glutamate (40 g L⁻¹) was completely depleted, and γ-PGA yield was attained 42 g L⁻¹.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-2289</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1559-0291</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8798-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19866376</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ABIBDL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: New York : Humana Press Inc</publisher><subject>Bacillus subtilis ; Bacillus subtilis - metabolism ; Biochemistry ; biodegradable products ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biotechnology ; carbon ; Carbon - metabolism ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; glucose ; Glucose - metabolism ; Glutamic Acid - metabolism ; industrial microbiology ; Isotope Labeling ; metabolism ; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; polyglutamic acid ; Polyglutamic Acid - analogs & derivatives ; Polyglutamic Acid - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2010-04, Vol.160 (8), p.2332-2341</ispartof><rights>Humana Press 2009</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c397t-ba22fe45653d15361d811f8687f6fe6bd0f51b40a1018da980026942bbb9e7e23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c397t-ba22fe45653d15361d811f8687f6fe6bd0f51b40a1018da980026942bbb9e7e23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12010-009-8798-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12010-009-8798-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22773379$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19866376$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yao, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Ningning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Xiaohai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Sha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ouyang, Pingkai</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of Carbon Metabolism and Improvement of γ-Polyglutamic Acid Production from Bacillus subtilis NX-2</title><title>Applied biochemistry and biotechnology</title><addtitle>Appl Biochem Biotechnol</addtitle><addtitle>Appl Biochem Biotechnol</addtitle><description>Bacillus subtilis NX-2 produces γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) when using glucose and l-glutamate as carbon sources. The conversion of carbon sources into γ-PGA was analyzed with the ¹³C-NMR method after enriching the media with ¹³C-labeled glucose. The results showed that the percentage of γ-PGA monomers derived from glucose was relatively low, approximately 6% and 9%, respectively, with an initial glucose concentration of 30 and 40 g L⁻¹. It was concluded that glucose was utilized mainly as the growth-limiting substrate for cell growth and supplied the required energy during γ-PGA biosynthesis, while l-glutamate was preferred as the main substrate for γ-PGA formation. To achieve an efficient conversion of l-glutamate and enhance the γ-PGA production, a fed-batch culture was proposed by feeding of glucose. By this method, supplied l-glutamate (40 g L⁻¹) was completely depleted, and γ-PGA yield was attained 42 g L⁻¹.</description><subject>Bacillus subtilis</subject><subject>Bacillus subtilis - metabolism</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>biodegradable products</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>carbon</subject><subject>Carbon - metabolism</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>glucose</subject><subject>Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>Glutamic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>industrial microbiology</subject><subject>Isotope Labeling</subject><subject>metabolism</subject><subject>nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy</subject><subject>Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular</subject><subject>polyglutamic acid</subject><subject>Polyglutamic Acid - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Polyglutamic Acid - metabolism</subject><issn>0273-2289</issn><issn>1559-0291</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kcGOFCEURYnROD2jH-BG2RhXKA-6Clj2dHScZNRJdBJ3BKqgw4QqRqgy6e_yP_wmqVRHd67egnPvezkg9ALoW6BUvCvAKFBCqSJSKEnYI7SBplGEMgWP0YYywQljUp2h81LuKQUmG_EUnYGSbctFu0FxN5p4LKHg5PHeZJtG_MlNxqYYyoDN2OPr4SGnn25w47RAv3-R2xSPhzhPZggd3nWhx7c59XM3hZr2OQ340nQhxrngMtsp1Cr8-Tthz9ATb2Jxz0_zAt19eP9t_5HcfLm63u9uSMeVmIg1jHm3bdqG99DwFnoJ4GUrhW-9a21PfQN2Sw1QkL1RklLWqi2z1ionHOMX6M3aWw__Mbsy6SGUzsVoRpfmogXn0FQDCwkr2eVUSnZeP-QwmHzUQPXiWK-OdXWsF8d6ybw8tc92cP2_xElqBV6fAFM6E302YxfKX44xUQ8QqnJs5Up9Gg8u6_s05_of5b_bX60hb5I2h1yL775WiFcXILja8j_-Up2z</recordid><startdate>20100401</startdate><enddate>20100401</enddate><creator>Yao, Jun</creator><creator>Xu, Hong</creator><creator>Shi, Ningning</creator><creator>Cao, Xin</creator><creator>Feng, Xiaohai</creator><creator>Li, Sha</creator><creator>Ouyang, Pingkai</creator><general>New York : Humana Press Inc</general><general>Humana Press Inc</general><general>Springer</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100401</creationdate><title>Analysis of Carbon Metabolism and Improvement of γ-Polyglutamic Acid Production from Bacillus subtilis NX-2</title><author>Yao, Jun ; Xu, Hong ; Shi, Ningning ; Cao, Xin ; Feng, Xiaohai ; Li, Sha ; Ouyang, Pingkai</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c397t-ba22fe45653d15361d811f8687f6fe6bd0f51b40a1018da980026942bbb9e7e23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Bacillus subtilis</topic><topic>Bacillus subtilis - metabolism</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>biodegradable products</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>carbon</topic><topic>Carbon - metabolism</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>glucose</topic><topic>Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>Glutamic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>industrial microbiology</topic><topic>Isotope Labeling</topic><topic>metabolism</topic><topic>nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy</topic><topic>Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular</topic><topic>polyglutamic acid</topic><topic>Polyglutamic Acid - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Polyglutamic Acid - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yao, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Ningning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Xiaohai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Sha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ouyang, Pingkai</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Applied biochemistry and biotechnology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yao, Jun</au><au>Xu, Hong</au><au>Shi, Ningning</au><au>Cao, Xin</au><au>Feng, Xiaohai</au><au>Li, Sha</au><au>Ouyang, Pingkai</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of Carbon Metabolism and Improvement of γ-Polyglutamic Acid Production from Bacillus subtilis NX-2</atitle><jtitle>Applied biochemistry and biotechnology</jtitle><stitle>Appl Biochem Biotechnol</stitle><addtitle>Appl Biochem Biotechnol</addtitle><date>2010-04-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>160</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>2332</spage><epage>2341</epage><pages>2332-2341</pages><issn>0273-2289</issn><eissn>1559-0291</eissn><coden>ABIBDL</coden><abstract>Bacillus subtilis NX-2 produces γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) when using glucose and l-glutamate as carbon sources. The conversion of carbon sources into γ-PGA was analyzed with the ¹³C-NMR method after enriching the media with ¹³C-labeled glucose. The results showed that the percentage of γ-PGA monomers derived from glucose was relatively low, approximately 6% and 9%, respectively, with an initial glucose concentration of 30 and 40 g L⁻¹. It was concluded that glucose was utilized mainly as the growth-limiting substrate for cell growth and supplied the required energy during γ-PGA biosynthesis, while l-glutamate was preferred as the main substrate for γ-PGA formation. To achieve an efficient conversion of l-glutamate and enhance the γ-PGA production, a fed-batch culture was proposed by feeding of glucose. By this method, supplied l-glutamate (40 g L⁻¹) was completely depleted, and γ-PGA yield was attained 42 g L⁻¹.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>New York : Humana Press Inc</pub><pmid>19866376</pmid><doi>10.1007/s12010-009-8798-2</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis - metabolism Biochemistry biodegradable products Biological and medical sciences Biotechnology carbon Carbon - metabolism Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology glucose Glucose - metabolism Glutamic Acid - metabolism industrial microbiology Isotope Labeling metabolism nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular polyglutamic acid Polyglutamic Acid - analogs & derivatives Polyglutamic Acid - metabolism |
| title | Analysis of Carbon Metabolism and Improvement of γ-Polyglutamic Acid Production from Bacillus subtilis NX-2 |
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