The endothelial cell in health and disease: its function, dysfunction, measurement and therapy

Endothelial cells have numerous endocrine functions and contribute to a variety of processes, including penile erection and vasodilation. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and ED. This study reviews e...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of impotence research 2010-03, Vol.22 (2), p.77-90
Hauptverfasser: Schwartz, B G, Economides, C, Mayeda, G S, Burstein, S, Kloner, R A
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container_end_page 90
container_issue 2
container_start_page 77
container_title International journal of impotence research
container_volume 22
creator Schwartz, B G
Economides, C
Mayeda, G S
Burstein, S
Kloner, R A
description Endothelial cells have numerous endocrine functions and contribute to a variety of processes, including penile erection and vasodilation. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and ED. This study reviews endothelial function, in addition to endothelial dysfunction and its role in atherosclerosis and ED. Measurement of endothelial function is reviewed, including catheter-based methods, venous occlusion plethysmography, high-frequency ultrasound, peripheral arterial tonometry, digital pulse amplitude tonometry, digital thermal monitoring, the L -arginine test and measurement of compounds released by endothelial cells. Therapy and medications that improve endothelial function are reviewed. As the scientific community learns more about the importance of the endothelium, it is increasingly important for the clinician to understand endothelial function, dysfunction, measurement of endothelial function and therapies that affect this remarkable cell type.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/ijir.2009.59
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subjects Arginine
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - drug therapy
Atherosclerosis - etiology
Atherosclerosis - physiopathology
Biological and medical sciences
Care and treatment
Catheterization
Constriction
Coronary Vessels
Development and progression
Diagnosis
Endothelial Cells - cytology
Endothelial Cells - drug effects
Endothelial Cells - physiology
Endothelium
Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Erectile Dysfunction - drug therapy
Erectile Dysfunction - etiology
Erectile Dysfunction - physiopathology
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Impotence
Male
Manometry
Measurement
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide - pharmacology
Penile Erection - drug effects
Penile Erection - physiology
Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
Physiological aspects
Plethysmography
Reproductive Medicine
review
Risk factors
rology
Urology
Vasodilation - drug effects
Vasodilation - physiology
Veins
title The endothelial cell in health and disease: its function, dysfunction, measurement and therapy
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