Reactive oxygen species and melanoma: an explanation for gender differences in survival?
Summary Epidemiological research consistently shows a female advantage in melanoma survival. So far, no definite candidate for the explanation of this phenomenon has emerged. We propose that gender differences in oxidative stress caused by radical oxygen species (ROS) underlie these survival differe...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Pigment cell and melanoma research 2010-06, Vol.23 (3), p.352-364 |
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container_title | Pigment cell and melanoma research |
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creator | Joosse, Arjen De Vries, Esther Van Eijck, Casper H. Eggermont, Alexander M. M. Nijsten, Tamar Coebergh, Jan Willem W. |
description | Summary
Epidemiological research consistently shows a female advantage in melanoma survival. So far, no definite candidate for the explanation of this phenomenon has emerged. We propose that gender differences in oxidative stress caused by radical oxygen species (ROS) underlie these survival differences. It is known that males express lower amounts of anti‐oxidant enzymes, resulting in more oxidative stress than females. The primary melanoma environment is characterized by high ROS levels, from exogenous sources as well as ROS production within melanoma cells themselves. ROS are known to be able to promote metastasis through a wide variety of mechanisms. We hypothesize that the higher levels of ROS in men enhance selection of ROS‐resistance in melanoma cells. Subsequently, ROS can stimulate the metastatic potential of melanoma cells. In addition, due to the lower anti‐oxidant defenses in men, ROS produced by melanoma cells cause more damage to healthy tissues surrounding the tumor, further stimulating metastasis. Therefore, ROS may explain the observed differences between males and females in melanoma survival. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2010.00694.x |
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Epidemiological research consistently shows a female advantage in melanoma survival. So far, no definite candidate for the explanation of this phenomenon has emerged. We propose that gender differences in oxidative stress caused by radical oxygen species (ROS) underlie these survival differences. It is known that males express lower amounts of anti‐oxidant enzymes, resulting in more oxidative stress than females. The primary melanoma environment is characterized by high ROS levels, from exogenous sources as well as ROS production within melanoma cells themselves. ROS are known to be able to promote metastasis through a wide variety of mechanisms. We hypothesize that the higher levels of ROS in men enhance selection of ROS‐resistance in melanoma cells. Subsequently, ROS can stimulate the metastatic potential of melanoma cells. In addition, due to the lower anti‐oxidant defenses in men, ROS produced by melanoma cells cause more damage to healthy tissues surrounding the tumor, further stimulating metastasis. Therefore, ROS may explain the observed differences between males and females in melanoma survival.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1755-1471</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1755-148X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2010.00694.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20218981</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>anti-oxidants ; Antioxidants - metabolism ; Female ; gender differences ; Humans ; Male ; melanoma ; Melanoma - metabolism ; Melanoma - pathology ; metastasis ; Models, Biological ; Oxidative Stress ; reactive oxygen species ; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism ; Sex Characteristics ; Skin Neoplasms - metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms - pathology ; survival ; Survival Analysis</subject><ispartof>Pigment cell and melanoma research, 2010-06, Vol.23 (3), p.352-364</ispartof><rights>2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4564-9b3aeef17e03aa847ee620e18381d04ef16c7688cb656d672730c28005f396313</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4564-9b3aeef17e03aa847ee620e18381d04ef16c7688cb656d672730c28005f396313</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1755-148X.2010.00694.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1755-148X.2010.00694.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20218981$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Joosse, Arjen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Vries, Esther</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Eijck, Casper H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eggermont, Alexander M. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nijsten, Tamar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coebergh, Jan Willem W.</creatorcontrib><title>Reactive oxygen species and melanoma: an explanation for gender differences in survival?</title><title>Pigment cell and melanoma research</title><addtitle>Pigment Cell Melanoma Res</addtitle><description>Summary
Epidemiological research consistently shows a female advantage in melanoma survival. So far, no definite candidate for the explanation of this phenomenon has emerged. We propose that gender differences in oxidative stress caused by radical oxygen species (ROS) underlie these survival differences. It is known that males express lower amounts of anti‐oxidant enzymes, resulting in more oxidative stress than females. The primary melanoma environment is characterized by high ROS levels, from exogenous sources as well as ROS production within melanoma cells themselves. ROS are known to be able to promote metastasis through a wide variety of mechanisms. We hypothesize that the higher levels of ROS in men enhance selection of ROS‐resistance in melanoma cells. Subsequently, ROS can stimulate the metastatic potential of melanoma cells. In addition, due to the lower anti‐oxidant defenses in men, ROS produced by melanoma cells cause more damage to healthy tissues surrounding the tumor, further stimulating metastasis. Therefore, ROS may explain the observed differences between males and females in melanoma survival.</description><subject>anti-oxidants</subject><subject>Antioxidants - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>gender differences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>melanoma</subject><subject>Melanoma - metabolism</subject><subject>Melanoma - pathology</subject><subject>metastasis</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress</subject><subject>reactive oxygen species</subject><subject>Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism</subject><subject>Sex Characteristics</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>survival</subject><subject>Survival Analysis</subject><issn>1755-1471</issn><issn>1755-148X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkMtOAyEUhonReKm-gmHnaioMM8CYGGMarSZVm0Zjd4QyZwx1LhXaOn17qa1dywYO5_sO5EcIU9KlYV1Ou1SkaUQTOe7GJNwSwrOk2-6h411jf3cW9AideD8NEEkzdoiOYhJTmUl6jMYj0GZul4CbdvUBNfYzMBY81nWOKyh13VT6KlQY2lmo9Nw2NS4ahwOcg8O5LQpwUJvg2KAv3NIudXlzig4KXXo42-4d9HZ_99p7iAYv_cfe7SAyScqTKJswDVBQAYRpLRMBwGMCVDJJc5KEDjeCS2kmPOU5F7FgxMSSkLRgGWeUddDFZu7MNV8L8HNVWW-gDH-FZuGVYAHKOGGBlBvSuMZ7B4WaOVtpt1KUqHWsaqrWial1emodq_qNVbVBPd8-sphUkO_EvxwDcL0Bvm0Jq38PVsPe0yicgh9tfOvn0O587T4VF0yk6v25r_rZKOun8VD12A-9pZV0</recordid><startdate>201006</startdate><enddate>201006</enddate><creator>Joosse, Arjen</creator><creator>De Vries, Esther</creator><creator>Van Eijck, Casper H.</creator><creator>Eggermont, Alexander M. M.</creator><creator>Nijsten, Tamar</creator><creator>Coebergh, Jan Willem W.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201006</creationdate><title>Reactive oxygen species and melanoma: an explanation for gender differences in survival?</title><author>Joosse, Arjen ; De Vries, Esther ; Van Eijck, Casper H. ; Eggermont, Alexander M. M. ; Nijsten, Tamar ; Coebergh, Jan Willem W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4564-9b3aeef17e03aa847ee620e18381d04ef16c7688cb656d672730c28005f396313</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>anti-oxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>gender differences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>melanoma</topic><topic>Melanoma - metabolism</topic><topic>Melanoma - pathology</topic><topic>metastasis</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress</topic><topic>reactive oxygen species</topic><topic>Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism</topic><topic>Sex Characteristics</topic><topic>Skin Neoplasms - metabolism</topic><topic>Skin Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>survival</topic><topic>Survival Analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Joosse, Arjen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Vries, Esther</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Eijck, Casper H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eggermont, Alexander M. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nijsten, Tamar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coebergh, Jan Willem W.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Pigment cell and melanoma research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Joosse, Arjen</au><au>De Vries, Esther</au><au>Van Eijck, Casper H.</au><au>Eggermont, Alexander M. M.</au><au>Nijsten, Tamar</au><au>Coebergh, Jan Willem W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reactive oxygen species and melanoma: an explanation for gender differences in survival?</atitle><jtitle>Pigment cell and melanoma research</jtitle><addtitle>Pigment Cell Melanoma Res</addtitle><date>2010-06</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>352</spage><epage>364</epage><pages>352-364</pages><issn>1755-1471</issn><eissn>1755-148X</eissn><abstract>Summary
Epidemiological research consistently shows a female advantage in melanoma survival. So far, no definite candidate for the explanation of this phenomenon has emerged. We propose that gender differences in oxidative stress caused by radical oxygen species (ROS) underlie these survival differences. It is known that males express lower amounts of anti‐oxidant enzymes, resulting in more oxidative stress than females. The primary melanoma environment is characterized by high ROS levels, from exogenous sources as well as ROS production within melanoma cells themselves. ROS are known to be able to promote metastasis through a wide variety of mechanisms. We hypothesize that the higher levels of ROS in men enhance selection of ROS‐resistance in melanoma cells. Subsequently, ROS can stimulate the metastatic potential of melanoma cells. In addition, due to the lower anti‐oxidant defenses in men, ROS produced by melanoma cells cause more damage to healthy tissues surrounding the tumor, further stimulating metastasis. Therefore, ROS may explain the observed differences between males and females in melanoma survival.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>20218981</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1755-148X.2010.00694.x</doi><tpages>13</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | anti-oxidants Antioxidants - metabolism Female gender differences Humans Male melanoma Melanoma - metabolism Melanoma - pathology metastasis Models, Biological Oxidative Stress reactive oxygen species Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Sex Characteristics Skin Neoplasms - metabolism Skin Neoplasms - pathology survival Survival Analysis |
title | Reactive oxygen species and melanoma: an explanation for gender differences in survival? |
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