It's About Timing and Change: Pubertal Transition Effects on Symptoms of Major Depression Among African American Youths
Effects of early physical maturation and accelerated pubertal changes on symptoms of major depression were examined in 639 African American children. Three rival hypotheses, early timing, off-time, and stressful change, were tested using 2 waves of data (mean ages = 11 and 13 years). The pubertal ef...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Developmental psychology 2003-05, Vol.39 (3), p.430-439 |
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| creator | Ge, Xiaojia Kim, Irene J Brody, Gene H Conger, Rand D Simons, Ronald L Gibbons, Frederick X Cutrona, Carolyn E |
| description | Effects of early physical maturation and accelerated pubertal changes on symptoms of major depression were examined in 639 African American children. Three rival hypotheses, early timing, off-time, and stressful change, were tested using 2 waves of data (mean ages = 11 and 13 years). The pubertal effect operates differently according to children's gender and age. For girls, early maturation was consistently associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms. For boys, early maturers manifested elevated levels of depression only at age 11, but these symptoms subsided by age 13. Boys who experienced accelerated pubertal growth over time displayed elevated symptom levels. Results support the early timing hypothesis for girls and the stressful change hypothesis for boys. Time at assessment is critical when examining boys' pubertal transition. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.430 |
| format | Article |
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Three rival hypotheses, early timing, off-time, and stressful change, were tested using 2 waves of data (mean ages = 11 and 13 years). The pubertal effect operates differently according to children's gender and age. For girls, early maturation was consistently associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms. For boys, early maturers manifested elevated levels of depression only at age 11, but these symptoms subsided by age 13. Boys who experienced accelerated pubertal growth over time displayed elevated symptom levels. Results support the early timing hypothesis for girls and the stressful change hypothesis for boys. Time at assessment is critical when examining boys' pubertal transition.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-1649</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-0599</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.430</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12760513</identifier><identifier>CODEN: DEVPA9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; African Americans ; Age ; Age Differences ; Age Factors ; Biological and medical sciences ; Black American people ; Black or African American ; Black People ; Black People - psychology ; Black Youth ; Child ; Child psychology ; Childhood Development ; Children ; Children & youth ; Clinical psychology ; Depression ; Depression (Psychology) ; Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology ; Developmental psychology ; Early Adolescents ; Early onset ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gender differences ; Gender Identity ; Human ; Human Sex Differences ; Humans ; Life Experiences ; Longitudinal studies ; Major Depression ; Male ; Maturity (Individuals) ; Medical sciences ; Mental health ; Mental illness ; Mood disorders ; Physical Development ; Psychology ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Psychopathology. 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Three rival hypotheses, early timing, off-time, and stressful change, were tested using 2 waves of data (mean ages = 11 and 13 years). The pubertal effect operates differently according to children's gender and age. For girls, early maturation was consistently associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms. For boys, early maturers manifested elevated levels of depression only at age 11, but these symptoms subsided by age 13. Boys who experienced accelerated pubertal growth over time displayed elevated symptom levels. Results support the early timing hypothesis for girls and the stressful change hypothesis for boys. Time at assessment is critical when examining boys' pubertal transition.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescent Development</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>African Americans</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Age Differences</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Black American people</subject><subject>Black or African American</subject><subject>Black People</subject><subject>Black People - psychology</subject><subject>Black Youth</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child psychology</subject><subject>Childhood Development</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Clinical psychology</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression (Psychology)</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology</subject><subject>Developmental psychology</subject><subject>Early Adolescents</subject><subject>Early onset</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Gender Identity</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Human Sex Differences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Experiences</subject><subject>Longitudinal studies</subject><subject>Major Depression</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Maturity (Individuals)</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Mental illness</subject><subject>Mood disorders</subject><subject>Physical Development</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychosexual Development</subject><subject>Puberty</subject><subject>Puberty - psychology</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Sex Differences</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Symptoms</subject><subject>Symptoms (Individual Disorders)</subject><subject>Time</subject><subject>Timing</subject><subject>USA</subject><issn>0012-1649</issn><issn>1939-0599</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkVlLxDAUhYMoOi5_QEQGcXmQjtnTPMrgMiL4os8hTW-10mnHpBXm35syw7ggGi6EcL57uDcHoX2CRwQzdYExoQmRXI9YrBFneA0NiGY6wULrdTRYAVtoO4TX-ORMi020RaiSWBA2QAeT9iwML7Oma4eP5bSsn4e2zofjF1s_wy7aKGwVYG9576Cn66vH8W1y_3AzGV_eJ1Yw0iaM5jlLFYDFRNJMZlhBIVIMNIc8HplzSjAUUgLJdMFdStJCc0uFogWTiu2g04XvzDdvHYTWTMvgoKpsDU0XjGKMUCnFv2A0xJim8l-QpVwwpXvHox_ga9P5Om5rZPwtxbVO_4Io5YLzuF-E6AJyvgnBQ2FmvpxaPzcEmz4v08dh-jgMi2ViXrHpcOncZVPIP1uWAUXgZAnY4GxVeFu7MnxyXClMcb_wwYIDX7qVfHUnVUqkjvL5QrYza2Zh7qxvS1dBcJ33ULcmh_evUx3_Tn_HPgD2Kr1k</recordid><startdate>20030501</startdate><enddate>20030501</enddate><creator>Ge, Xiaojia</creator><creator>Kim, Irene J</creator><creator>Brody, Gene H</creator><creator>Conger, Rand D</creator><creator>Simons, Ronald L</creator><creator>Gibbons, Frederick X</creator><creator>Cutrona, Carolyn E</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030501</creationdate><title>It's About Timing and Change</title><author>Ge, Xiaojia ; Kim, Irene J ; Brody, Gene H ; Conger, Rand D ; Simons, Ronald L ; Gibbons, Frederick X ; Cutrona, Carolyn E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a531t-32dd387eea0162b6b07ef580e2dedddd6d4210ef66e1b9f4c818f94a2572f3673</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adolescent Development</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>African Americans</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Age Differences</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Black American people</topic><topic>Black or African American</topic><topic>Black People</topic><topic>Black People - psychology</topic><topic>Black Youth</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child psychology</topic><topic>Childhood Development</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Clinical psychology</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression (Psychology)</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology</topic><topic>Developmental psychology</topic><topic>Early Adolescents</topic><topic>Early onset</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Gender Identity</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Human Sex Differences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life Experiences</topic><topic>Longitudinal studies</topic><topic>Major Depression</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Maturity (Individuals)</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>Mental illness</topic><topic>Mood disorders</topic><topic>Physical Development</topic><topic>Psychology</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychosexual Development</topic><topic>Puberty</topic><topic>Puberty - psychology</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Sex Differences</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Symptoms</topic><topic>Symptoms (Individual Disorders)</topic><topic>Time</topic><topic>Timing</topic><topic>USA</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ge, Xiaojia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Irene J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brody, Gene H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Conger, Rand D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simons, Ronald L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibbons, Frederick X</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cutrona, Carolyn E</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>APA PsycArticles®</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Developmental psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ge, Xiaojia</au><au>Kim, Irene J</au><au>Brody, Gene H</au><au>Conger, Rand D</au><au>Simons, Ronald L</au><au>Gibbons, Frederick X</au><au>Cutrona, Carolyn E</au><au>Dannemiller, James L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ678169</ericid><atitle>It's About Timing and Change: Pubertal Transition Effects on Symptoms of Major Depression Among African American Youths</atitle><jtitle>Developmental psychology</jtitle><addtitle>Dev Psychol</addtitle><date>2003-05-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>39</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>430</spage><epage>439</epage><pages>430-439</pages><issn>0012-1649</issn><eissn>1939-0599</eissn><coden>DEVPA9</coden><abstract>Effects of early physical maturation and accelerated pubertal changes on symptoms of major depression were examined in 639 African American children. Three rival hypotheses, early timing, off-time, and stressful change, were tested using 2 waves of data (mean ages = 11 and 13 years). The pubertal effect operates differently according to children's gender and age. For girls, early maturation was consistently associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms. For boys, early maturers manifested elevated levels of depression only at age 11, but these symptoms subsided by age 13. Boys who experienced accelerated pubertal growth over time displayed elevated symptom levels. Results support the early timing hypothesis for girls and the stressful change hypothesis for boys. Time at assessment is critical when examining boys' pubertal transition.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>12760513</pmid><doi>10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.430</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adolescent Development Adult and adolescent clinical studies African Americans Age Age Differences Age Factors Biological and medical sciences Black American people Black or African American Black People Black People - psychology Black Youth Child Child psychology Childhood Development Children Children & youth Clinical psychology Depression Depression (Psychology) Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology Developmental psychology Early Adolescents Early onset Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gender differences Gender Identity Human Human Sex Differences Humans Life Experiences Longitudinal studies Major Depression Male Maturity (Individuals) Medical sciences Mental health Mental illness Mood disorders Physical Development Psychology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychosexual Development Puberty Puberty - psychology Reference Values Sex Differences Stress Symptoms Symptoms (Individual Disorders) Time Timing USA |
| title | It's About Timing and Change: Pubertal Transition Effects on Symptoms of Major Depression Among African American Youths |
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