Synthesis, structure and nuclease properties of several ternary copper(II) peptide complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline

Three new ternary peptide–Cu(II)–1,10-phenanthroline (phen) complexes, [Cu( l-ala–gly)(phen)]·3.5H 2O 1, [Cu( l-val–gly)(phen)] 2 and [Cu(gly– l-trp)(phen)]·2H 2O 3, have been prepared and structurally characterised. These compounds exist as distorted square pyramidal complexes with the five co-ordination sites occupied by the tridentate peptide dianion and the two heterocyclic nitrogens of the phenanthroline ligand. The bulk of the lateral chain in the peptide moiety determines the relative disposition of the phen ligand. Thus, in [Cu( l-val–gly)(phen)] 2, the phenanthroline plane is deviated towards the opposite side of the isopropyl group of the l-valine moiety. On the other hand, in [Cu(gly– l-trp)(phen)]·2H 2O 3 the absence of stacking interactions between phen and indole rings and the presence of an intramolecular CH⋯π interaction should be pointed out. These complexes exhibit significant differences in their nuclease activity which depends on the nature of the peptidic moiety, the complex [Cu(gly– l-trp) (phen)]·2H 2O 3 being the most active.