Microsatellite Variation at 24 STR Loci in Three Endogamous Groups of Uttar Pradesh, India
We have studied variation at 24 microsatellite markers among 50 individuals from each of three endogamous groups, Bhargavas, Chaturvedis, and non-Bhargava, non-Chaturvedi Brahmins of Uttar Pradesh, India. The number of alleles at the loci tested varied from 4 to 11, with an average of 6 at each locu...
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description | We have studied variation at 24 microsatellite markers among 50 individuals from each of three endogamous groups, Bhargavas, Chaturvedis, and non-Bhargava, non-Chaturvedi Brahmins of Uttar Pradesh, India. The number of alleles at the loci tested varied from 4 to 11, with an average of 6 at each locus. Heterozygosity was found to be quite high at all loci in the three subpopulations. It varied between 0.44 to 0.84 among Bhargavas (average 0.6510), 0.44 to 0.80 among Chaturvedis (average 0.6633 ±), and 0.42 to 0.85 among Brahmins (average 6.694 ±). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis revealed that these populations are under genetic equilibrium at almost all the loci tested. Comparisons of allele frequency between Bhargavas and Chaturvedis showed that they differed significantly at 14 short tandem repeat (STR) markers (p < 0.001), while Chaturvedis and Brahmins differed at 6 (p < 0.05) and Brahmins and Bhargavas at 8 (p < 0.05). Average FIS and FST for the 24 STR markers was –0.02 and 0.013, respectively. We used both unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean and principal components analysis to evaluate genetic distances among the three groups. Our results revealed that although there were differences at particular allele frequencies between Bhargavas vs. Brahmins, Bhargavas vs. Chaturvedis, and Brahmins vs. Chaturvedis, these differences were not statistically significant when combined over all 24 STR markers between Chaturvedis vs. Brahmins and Bhargavas vs. Brahmins. The genetic distance analysis revealed that Bhargavas are slightly apart from the other two populations. |
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The number of alleles at the loci tested varied from 4 to 11, with an average of 6 at each locus. Heterozygosity was found to be quite high at all loci in the three subpopulations. It varied between 0.44 to 0.84 among Bhargavas (average 0.6510), 0.44 to 0.80 among Chaturvedis (average 0.6633 ±), and 0.42 to 0.85 among Brahmins (average 6.694 ±). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis revealed that these populations are under genetic equilibrium at almost all the loci tested. Comparisons of allele frequency between Bhargavas and Chaturvedis showed that they differed significantly at 14 short tandem repeat (STR) markers (p < 0.001), while Chaturvedis and Brahmins differed at 6 (p < 0.05) and Brahmins and Bhargavas at 8 (p < 0.05). Average FIS and FST for the 24 STR markers was –0.02 and 0.013, respectively. We used both unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean and principal components analysis to evaluate genetic distances among the three groups. Our results revealed that although there were differences at particular allele frequencies between Bhargavas vs. Brahmins, Bhargavas vs. Chaturvedis, and Brahmins vs. Chaturvedis, these differences were not statistically significant when combined over all 24 STR markers between Chaturvedis vs. Brahmins and Bhargavas vs. Brahmins. The genetic distance analysis revealed that Bhargavas are slightly apart from the other two populations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-7143</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1534-6617</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1534-6617</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1353/hub.2003.0014</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12713150</identifier><identifier>CODEN: HUBIAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wayne State University Press</publisher><subject>Alleles ; Biology ; Brahmins ; Brief Communications ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Demographic aspects ; Endogamy ; Endogamy and exogamy ; Ethnic Groups - genetics ; Exogamy ; Family names ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic loci ; Genetic markers ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics ; Genetics, Population ; Genomics ; Geographic regions ; Human biology ; Humans ; India ; Medical genetics ; Metagenomics ; Microsatellite Repeats - genetics ; Physiological aspects ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Population biology ; Population genetics</subject><ispartof>Human biology, 2003-02, Vol.75 (1), p.97-104</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2003 Wayne State University Press</rights><rights>Copyright © 2003 The Wayne State University Press.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2003 Wayne State University Press</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2003 Wayne State University Press</rights><rights>Copyright Wayne State University Press Feb 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c565t-c807c7292b7a408761a6c5e0f6798afab54c782c429645670cb77f9d22cb9d93</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41466126$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/41466126$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27922,27923,58015,58248</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12713150$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>AGRAWAL, SURAKSHA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MÜLLER, BARTRAM</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BHARADWAJ, UDDALAK</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BHATNAGAR, SUHASINI</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHARMA, ARUNDHATI</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KHAN, FAISAL</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>AGARWAL, S.S.</creatorcontrib><title>Microsatellite Variation at 24 STR Loci in Three Endogamous Groups of Uttar Pradesh, India</title><title>Human biology</title><addtitle>Hum Biol</addtitle><description>We have studied variation at 24 microsatellite markers among 50 individuals from each of three endogamous groups, Bhargavas, Chaturvedis, and non-Bhargava, non-Chaturvedi Brahmins of Uttar Pradesh, India. The number of alleles at the loci tested varied from 4 to 11, with an average of 6 at each locus. Heterozygosity was found to be quite high at all loci in the three subpopulations. It varied between 0.44 to 0.84 among Bhargavas (average 0.6510), 0.44 to 0.80 among Chaturvedis (average 0.6633 ±), and 0.42 to 0.85 among Brahmins (average 6.694 ±). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis revealed that these populations are under genetic equilibrium at almost all the loci tested. Comparisons of allele frequency between Bhargavas and Chaturvedis showed that they differed significantly at 14 short tandem repeat (STR) markers (p < 0.001), while Chaturvedis and Brahmins differed at 6 (p < 0.05) and Brahmins and Bhargavas at 8 (p < 0.05). Average FIS and FST for the 24 STR markers was –0.02 and 0.013, respectively. We used both unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean and principal components analysis to evaluate genetic distances among the three groups. Our results revealed that although there were differences at particular allele frequencies between Bhargavas vs. Brahmins, Bhargavas vs. Chaturvedis, and Brahmins vs. Chaturvedis, these differences were not statistically significant when combined over all 24 STR markers between Chaturvedis vs. Brahmins and Bhargavas vs. Brahmins. The genetic distance analysis revealed that Bhargavas are slightly apart from the other two populations.</description><subject>Alleles</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Brahmins</subject><subject>Brief Communications</subject><subject>Chi-Square Distribution</subject><subject>Demographic aspects</subject><subject>Endogamy</subject><subject>Endogamy and exogamy</subject><subject>Ethnic Groups - genetics</subject><subject>Exogamy</subject><subject>Family names</subject><subject>Gene Frequency</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genetic loci</subject><subject>Genetic markers</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genetics, Population</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Geographic regions</subject><subject>Human biology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Medical genetics</subject><subject>Metagenomics</subject><subject>Microsatellite Repeats - genetics</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Population biology</subject><subject>Population genetics</subject><issn>0018-7143</issn><issn>1534-6617</issn><issn>1534-6617</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNks-LEzEUxwdR3Lp69KgED4Lg1PyaJHNcyloL1RVbPXgJmUxmmjIzqUkGdv97M7TsstKD5BDy-LzH933zzbLXCM4RKcin3VjNMYRkDiGiT7IZKgjNGUP8aTZLJZFzRMlF9iKEfXoiIcTz7AJhjggq4Cz7_dVq74KKputsNOCX8lZF6wagIsAUbLY_wNppC-wAtjtvDLgeateq3o0BLL0bDwG4BvyMUXnw3avahN1HsBpqq15mzxrVBfPqdF9m28_X28WXfH2zXC2u1rkuWBFzLSDXHJe44opCwRlSTBcGNoyXQjWqKqjmAmuKS0YLxqGuOG_KGmNdlXVJLrP3x7EH7_6MJkTZ26DTOmowSaTkBCNaMpTAd_-Aezf6IUmTGNOCFIyyBOVHqFWdkXZoXPRKt2YwXnVuMI1N5SsEIYaEC5H4-Rk-ndr0Vp9t-PCoITHR3MZWjSHI1ebbf7NiuX7M5udY7brOtEYmxxc3Z_np-4M3jTx42yt_JxGUU7JkSpackiWnZCX-7cm9sepN_UCfopQAcm_v3ujYj8E8OEwhw0hupnRO4YQkKSn5JOPNsWsfovP3UymaMMzIX9Mb3Bc</recordid><startdate>20030201</startdate><enddate>20030201</enddate><creator>AGRAWAL, SURAKSHA</creator><creator>MÜLLER, BARTRAM</creator><creator>BHARADWAJ, UDDALAK</creator><creator>BHATNAGAR, SUHASINI</creator><creator>SHARMA, ARUNDHATI</creator><creator>KHAN, FAISAL</creator><creator>AGARWAL, S.S.</creator><general>Wayne State University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8GL</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030201</creationdate><title>Microsatellite Variation at 24 STR Loci in Three Endogamous Groups of Uttar Pradesh, India</title><author>AGRAWAL, SURAKSHA ; MÜLLER, BARTRAM ; BHARADWAJ, UDDALAK ; BHATNAGAR, SUHASINI ; SHARMA, ARUNDHATI ; KHAN, FAISAL ; AGARWAL, S.S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c565t-c807c7292b7a408761a6c5e0f6798afab54c782c429645670cb77f9d22cb9d93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Alleles</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Brahmins</topic><topic>Brief Communications</topic><topic>Chi-Square Distribution</topic><topic>Demographic aspects</topic><topic>Endogamy</topic><topic>Endogamy and exogamy</topic><topic>Ethnic Groups - genetics</topic><topic>Exogamy</topic><topic>Family names</topic><topic>Gene Frequency</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genetic loci</topic><topic>Genetic markers</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Genetics, Population</topic><topic>Genomics</topic><topic>Geographic regions</topic><topic>Human biology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>India</topic><topic>Medical genetics</topic><topic>Metagenomics</topic><topic>Microsatellite Repeats - genetics</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>Population biology</topic><topic>Population genetics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>AGRAWAL, SURAKSHA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MÜLLER, BARTRAM</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BHARADWAJ, UDDALAK</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BHATNAGAR, SUHASINI</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHARMA, ARUNDHATI</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KHAN, FAISAL</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>AGARWAL, S.S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: High School</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Canada</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>University of Michigan</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Human biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>AGRAWAL, SURAKSHA</au><au>MÜLLER, BARTRAM</au><au>BHARADWAJ, UDDALAK</au><au>BHATNAGAR, SUHASINI</au><au>SHARMA, ARUNDHATI</au><au>KHAN, FAISAL</au><au>AGARWAL, S.S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Microsatellite Variation at 24 STR Loci in Three Endogamous Groups of Uttar Pradesh, India</atitle><jtitle>Human biology</jtitle><addtitle>Hum Biol</addtitle><date>2003-02-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>97</spage><epage>104</epage><pages>97-104</pages><issn>0018-7143</issn><issn>1534-6617</issn><eissn>1534-6617</eissn><coden>HUBIAA</coden><abstract>We have studied variation at 24 microsatellite markers among 50 individuals from each of three endogamous groups, Bhargavas, Chaturvedis, and non-Bhargava, non-Chaturvedi Brahmins of Uttar Pradesh, India. The number of alleles at the loci tested varied from 4 to 11, with an average of 6 at each locus. Heterozygosity was found to be quite high at all loci in the three subpopulations. It varied between 0.44 to 0.84 among Bhargavas (average 0.6510), 0.44 to 0.80 among Chaturvedis (average 0.6633 ±), and 0.42 to 0.85 among Brahmins (average 6.694 ±). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis revealed that these populations are under genetic equilibrium at almost all the loci tested. Comparisons of allele frequency between Bhargavas and Chaturvedis showed that they differed significantly at 14 short tandem repeat (STR) markers (p < 0.001), while Chaturvedis and Brahmins differed at 6 (p < 0.05) and Brahmins and Bhargavas at 8 (p < 0.05). Average FIS and FST for the 24 STR markers was –0.02 and 0.013, respectively. We used both unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean and principal components analysis to evaluate genetic distances among the three groups. Our results revealed that although there were differences at particular allele frequencies between Bhargavas vs. Brahmins, Bhargavas vs. Chaturvedis, and Brahmins vs. Chaturvedis, these differences were not statistically significant when combined over all 24 STR markers between Chaturvedis vs. Brahmins and Bhargavas vs. Brahmins. The genetic distance analysis revealed that Bhargavas are slightly apart from the other two populations.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wayne State University Press</pub><pmid>12713150</pmid><doi>10.1353/hub.2003.0014</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alleles Biology Brahmins Brief Communications Chi-Square Distribution Demographic aspects Endogamy Endogamy and exogamy Ethnic Groups - genetics Exogamy Family names Gene Frequency Genetic aspects Genetic loci Genetic markers Genetic Variation Genetics Genetics, Population Genomics Geographic regions Human biology Humans India Medical genetics Metagenomics Microsatellite Repeats - genetics Physiological aspects Polymerase Chain Reaction Population biology Population genetics |
title | Microsatellite Variation at 24 STR Loci in Three Endogamous Groups of Uttar Pradesh, India |
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