Wavebreak Formation During Ventricular Fibrillation in the Isolated, Regionally Ischemic Pig Heart
ABSTRACT—Both fixed and dynamic heterogeneities were implicated in the mechanism of wavebreak (WB) generation during ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, their relative roles remain unclear. We hypothesized that during ischemic VF, the WBs are produced primarily because of a fixed heterogeneity;...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Circulation research 2003-03, Vol.92 (5), p.546-553 |
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description | ABSTRACT—Both fixed and dynamic heterogeneities were implicated in the mechanism of wavebreak (WB) generation during ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, their relative roles remain unclear. We hypothesized that during ischemic VF, the WBs are produced primarily because of a fixed heterogeneity; namely, the gradient of refractoriness across the ischemic border zone (BZ). Ischemia was induced in 15 isolated blood-perfused hearts by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery. Simultaneous video imaging (≈32×32 mm) of Di-4-ANEPPS fluorescence in the ischemic zone (IZ), the BZ, and the nonischemic zone (NIZ) was performed. Dominant-frequency maps were constructed to assess gradients of refractoriness during VF. We used singularity points analysis to quantify the incidence of WBs per square centimeter per second. During preischemic VF, the distribution of WBs was relatively uniform. Ischemia caused an increase of WBs in the BZ (from 6.2±2.8 to 10.8±4.0) and a decrease of WBs in the IZ (from 5.8±2.8 to 2.8±1.4), without a significant change in NIZ (from 6.4±2.3 to 4.1±1.7). This finding is fully consistent with the dominant-frequency distribution during ischemic VFthe average dominant frequency was significantly slower in IZ than in NIZ (7.8±0.7 versus 10.1±1.0 Hz), suggesting a large gradient in refractory periods across the BZ. We concluded that acute regional ischemia plays a dual role in the maintenance of VF, decreasing the incidence of WB in the IZ while increasing it in the BZ. This suggests a predominant role of fixed heterogeneities in the formation of WB during VF in acute regional ischemia. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1161/01.RES.0000061917.23107.F7 |
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However, their relative roles remain unclear. We hypothesized that during ischemic VF, the WBs are produced primarily because of a fixed heterogeneity; namely, the gradient of refractoriness across the ischemic border zone (BZ). Ischemia was induced in 15 isolated blood-perfused hearts by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery. Simultaneous video imaging (≈32×32 mm) of Di-4-ANEPPS fluorescence in the ischemic zone (IZ), the BZ, and the nonischemic zone (NIZ) was performed. Dominant-frequency maps were constructed to assess gradients of refractoriness during VF. We used singularity points analysis to quantify the incidence of WBs per square centimeter per second. During preischemic VF, the distribution of WBs was relatively uniform. Ischemia caused an increase of WBs in the BZ (from 6.2±2.8 to 10.8±4.0) and a decrease of WBs in the IZ (from 5.8±2.8 to 2.8±1.4), without a significant change in NIZ (from 6.4±2.3 to 4.1±1.7). This finding is fully consistent with the dominant-frequency distribution during ischemic VFthe average dominant frequency was significantly slower in IZ than in NIZ (7.8±0.7 versus 10.1±1.0 Hz), suggesting a large gradient in refractory periods across the BZ. We concluded that acute regional ischemia plays a dual role in the maintenance of VF, decreasing the incidence of WB in the IZ while increasing it in the BZ. This suggests a predominant role of fixed heterogeneities in the formation of WB during VF in acute regional ischemia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-7330</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1524-4571</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1161/01.RES.0000061917.23107.F7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12600877</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CIRUAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: American Heart Association, Inc</publisher><subject>Acute Disease ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Body Surface Potential Mapping ; Cardiac dysrhythmias ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Female ; Heart ; Heart - physiopathology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Myocardial Ischemia - physiopathology ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Swine ; Ventricular Fibrillation - physiopathology</subject><ispartof>Circulation research, 2003-03, Vol.92 (5), p.546-553</ispartof><rights>2003 American Heart Association, Inc.</rights><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Heart Association, Inc. Mar 21 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5712-e306067a9b1e8ffe431802028d9a13d95d6d077a4ddbf452aaa77943328563cd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5712-e306067a9b1e8ffe431802028d9a13d95d6d077a4ddbf452aaa77943328563cd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3691,27933,27934</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14672565$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12600877$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zaitsev, Alexey V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guha, Prabal K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarmast, Farzad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kolli, Arun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berenfeld, Omer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pertsov, Arkady M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Groot, Joris R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coronel, Ruben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jalife, José</creatorcontrib><title>Wavebreak Formation During Ventricular Fibrillation in the Isolated, Regionally Ischemic Pig Heart</title><title>Circulation research</title><addtitle>Circ Res</addtitle><description>ABSTRACT—Both fixed and dynamic heterogeneities were implicated in the mechanism of wavebreak (WB) generation during ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, their relative roles remain unclear. We hypothesized that during ischemic VF, the WBs are produced primarily because of a fixed heterogeneity; namely, the gradient of refractoriness across the ischemic border zone (BZ). Ischemia was induced in 15 isolated blood-perfused hearts by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery. Simultaneous video imaging (≈32×32 mm) of Di-4-ANEPPS fluorescence in the ischemic zone (IZ), the BZ, and the nonischemic zone (NIZ) was performed. Dominant-frequency maps were constructed to assess gradients of refractoriness during VF. We used singularity points analysis to quantify the incidence of WBs per square centimeter per second. During preischemic VF, the distribution of WBs was relatively uniform. Ischemia caused an increase of WBs in the BZ (from 6.2±2.8 to 10.8±4.0) and a decrease of WBs in the IZ (from 5.8±2.8 to 2.8±1.4), without a significant change in NIZ (from 6.4±2.3 to 4.1±1.7). This finding is fully consistent with the dominant-frequency distribution during ischemic VFthe average dominant frequency was significantly slower in IZ than in NIZ (7.8±0.7 versus 10.1±1.0 Hz), suggesting a large gradient in refractory periods across the BZ. We concluded that acute regional ischemia plays a dual role in the maintenance of VF, decreasing the incidence of WB in the IZ while increasing it in the BZ. This suggests a predominant role of fixed heterogeneities in the formation of WB during VF in acute regional ischemia.</description><subject>Acute Disease</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Body Surface Potential Mapping</subject><subject>Cardiac dysrhythmias</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart - physiopathology</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Myocardial Ischemia - physiopathology</subject><subject>Organ Culture Techniques</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Ventricular Fibrillation - physiopathology</subject><issn>0009-7330</issn><issn>1524-4571</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkd1q3DAQhUVpaLZpX6GYQHtVuzOSbNm9C2ncBAIt6d-lkO3xrhLZTiW7IW9fbXZhIboZOPON5jCHsVOEDLHAT4DZzcWPDLavwApVxgWCymr1gq0w5zKVucKXbBX7VaqEgGP2OoRbAJSCV6_YMfICoFRqxZo_5h81nsxdUk9-MLOdxuTL4u24Tn7TOHvbLs74pLaNt87t-nZM5g0lV2GKAnUfkxtaR9049xjFdkODbZPvdp1ckvHzG3bUGxfo7b6esF_1xc_zy_T629er87PrtI1ueUoCCiiUqRqksu9JCiyBAy-7yqDoqrwrOlDKyK5replzY4xSlRSCl3kh2k6csA-7f-_99HehMOvBhpai6ZGmJWglkFdK5BE8fQbeTouP9oPmyCVXkEOEPu-g1k8heOr1vbeD8Y8aQW9j0IA6xqAPMeinGHSt4vC7_YalGag7jO7vHoH3e8CE1rjem7G14cDJQvG82FqVO-5hcjP5cOeWB_J6Q8bNm6fVAuLt-LYKjpBGBbn4D69mnxI</recordid><startdate>20030321</startdate><enddate>20030321</enddate><creator>Zaitsev, Alexey V</creator><creator>Guha, Prabal K</creator><creator>Sarmast, Farzad</creator><creator>Kolli, Arun</creator><creator>Berenfeld, Omer</creator><creator>Pertsov, Arkady M</creator><creator>de Groot, Joris R</creator><creator>Coronel, Ruben</creator><creator>Jalife, José</creator><general>American Heart Association, Inc</general><general>Lippincott</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030321</creationdate><title>Wavebreak Formation During Ventricular Fibrillation in the Isolated, Regionally Ischemic Pig Heart</title><author>Zaitsev, Alexey V ; Guha, Prabal K ; Sarmast, Farzad ; Kolli, Arun ; Berenfeld, Omer ; Pertsov, Arkady M ; de Groot, Joris R ; Coronel, Ruben ; Jalife, José</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5712-e306067a9b1e8ffe431802028d9a13d95d6d077a4ddbf452aaa77943328563cd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Acute Disease</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Body Surface Potential Mapping</topic><topic>Cardiac dysrhythmias</topic><topic>Cardiology. Vascular system</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Heart - physiopathology</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Myocardial Ischemia - physiopathology</topic><topic>Organ Culture Techniques</topic><topic>Swine</topic><topic>Ventricular Fibrillation - physiopathology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zaitsev, Alexey V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guha, Prabal K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarmast, Farzad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kolli, Arun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berenfeld, Omer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pertsov, Arkady M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Groot, Joris R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coronel, Ruben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jalife, José</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Circulation research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zaitsev, Alexey V</au><au>Guha, Prabal K</au><au>Sarmast, Farzad</au><au>Kolli, Arun</au><au>Berenfeld, Omer</au><au>Pertsov, Arkady M</au><au>de Groot, Joris R</au><au>Coronel, Ruben</au><au>Jalife, José</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Wavebreak Formation During Ventricular Fibrillation in the Isolated, Regionally Ischemic Pig Heart</atitle><jtitle>Circulation research</jtitle><addtitle>Circ Res</addtitle><date>2003-03-21</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>92</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>546</spage><epage>553</epage><pages>546-553</pages><issn>0009-7330</issn><eissn>1524-4571</eissn><coden>CIRUAL</coden><abstract>ABSTRACT—Both fixed and dynamic heterogeneities were implicated in the mechanism of wavebreak (WB) generation during ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, their relative roles remain unclear. We hypothesized that during ischemic VF, the WBs are produced primarily because of a fixed heterogeneity; namely, the gradient of refractoriness across the ischemic border zone (BZ). Ischemia was induced in 15 isolated blood-perfused hearts by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery. Simultaneous video imaging (≈32×32 mm) of Di-4-ANEPPS fluorescence in the ischemic zone (IZ), the BZ, and the nonischemic zone (NIZ) was performed. Dominant-frequency maps were constructed to assess gradients of refractoriness during VF. We used singularity points analysis to quantify the incidence of WBs per square centimeter per second. During preischemic VF, the distribution of WBs was relatively uniform. Ischemia caused an increase of WBs in the BZ (from 6.2±2.8 to 10.8±4.0) and a decrease of WBs in the IZ (from 5.8±2.8 to 2.8±1.4), without a significant change in NIZ (from 6.4±2.3 to 4.1±1.7). This finding is fully consistent with the dominant-frequency distribution during ischemic VFthe average dominant frequency was significantly slower in IZ than in NIZ (7.8±0.7 versus 10.1±1.0 Hz), suggesting a large gradient in refractory periods across the BZ. We concluded that acute regional ischemia plays a dual role in the maintenance of VF, decreasing the incidence of WB in the IZ while increasing it in the BZ. This suggests a predominant role of fixed heterogeneities in the formation of WB during VF in acute regional ischemia.</abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>American Heart Association, Inc</pub><pmid>12600877</pmid><doi>10.1161/01.RES.0000061917.23107.F7</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Acute Disease Animals Biological and medical sciences Body Surface Potential Mapping Cardiac dysrhythmias Cardiology. Vascular system Female Heart Heart - physiopathology Kinetics Male Medical sciences Myocardial Ischemia - physiopathology Organ Culture Techniques Swine Ventricular Fibrillation - physiopathology |
title | Wavebreak Formation During Ventricular Fibrillation in the Isolated, Regionally Ischemic Pig Heart |
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