Chronic intraperitoneal endotoxin treatment in rats induces resistance to d-tubocurarine, but does not produce up-regulation of acetylcholine receptors

Background: Chronic systemic inflammation resulting from intraperitoneal Eschevichia coli endotoxin administration or Corynebacterium injections induces tolerance to non‐depolarizing neuromuscular blockers in rodents. Although this has been explained as up‐regulation of muscle acetylcholine receptors (AChR), the numbers of involved receptors have not been documented. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chronic endotoxin administration on rat muscle AChR. Methods: One day after one, seven, or 14 daily intraperitoneal doses of lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (0 or 0.5 mg kg−1), we studied in vivo dose–response relationships for d‐tubocurarine (d‐Tc) and AChR binding using [125I]α‐bungarotoxin as a ligand. Results: One day after seven and 14 daily intraperitoneal doses of endotoxin, the effective dose of d‐Tc required to suppress the twitch response to 50% of the control (ED50) was significantly increased compared with that of time‐matched control rats (146.5 ± 38.2 vs. 76.1 ± 9.0 µg kg−1 for seven doses; 116.4 ± 51.3 vs. 74.4 ± 9.6 µg kg−1 for 14 doses, P