Elevation of cytokine levels in cachectic patients with prostate carcinoma
BACKGROUND Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. The pathophysiology of cachexia is multifactorial, and several cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Cancer 2003-03, Vol.97 (5), p.1211-1216 |
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| creator | Pfitzenmaier, Jesco Vessella, Robert Higano, Celestia S. Noteboom, Jennifer L. Wallace, David Corey, Eva |
| description | BACKGROUND
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. The pathophysiology of cachexia is multifactorial, and several cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, and IL‐8, may be involved. The objective of the current study was to determine whether cachexia associated with advanced CaP is accompanied by increased serum levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐8.
METHODS
The levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were examined in serum samples from normal donors (n = 10 donors), from patients with organ‐confined CaP (n = 19 patients), from patients with advanced CaP without cachexia (n = 17 patients), and from patients with cachectic CaP (n = 26 patients). DPC Immulite and Abbott IMx Total‐PSA assays were used to determine cytokine and PSA levels, respectively.
RESULTS
Levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were elevated significantly in the group of patients with advanced, cachectic CaP compared with patients who were without cachexia. In the cachectic patients, levels of TNFα were correlated positively with IL‐8, and there was no correlation between PSA levels and any of the cytokine levels. IL‐1β levels were below the limit of detection in all samples.
CONCLUSIONS
The current results show that levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were increased in CaP patients with cachexia. Increased levels of these cytokines were not correlated with PSA levels, suggesting that they are regulated by a mechanism that is independent of PSA synthesis. Additional fundamental research is needed to determine the mechanisms involved and to identify potential therapeutic targets in patients with cachexia. Cancer 2003;97:1211–6. © 2003 American Cancer Society.
DOI 10.1002/cncr.11178
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. It has been proposed that several cytokines are involved in the development of cachexia. The authors found that levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 8 are increased in patients with advanced cachectic CaP compared with patients with advanced noncachectic CaP and that these cytokines play a role in CaP cachexia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/cncr.11178 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_73036759</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>73036759</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3558-20072bb976149e039b56ec9b3e3a26ecc04e3fbf5d831228ac08dedc5a27a0303</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp90MtKw0AUBuBBFFurGx9AstGFkDqXTCZZSqg3ioIouAuTkxM6mkvNTC19e6c20J2rufBxzs9PyDmjU0Ypv4EW-iljTCUHZMxoqkLKIn5IxpTSJJSR-BiRE2s__VNxKY7JiHGZppyrMXma1fijnenaoKsC2Ljuy7QY-E-sbWDaADQsEJyBYOkZts4Ga-MWwbLvrNMOPejBtF2jT8lRpWuLZ8M5Ie93s7fsIZy_3D9mt_MQhJRJyLcpiiJVMYtSpCItZIyQFgKF5v4GNEJRFZUsE8E4TzTQpMQSpOZKU0HFhFzt5voI3yu0Lm-MBaxr3WK3srnyJlYy9fB6B8FntT1W-bI3je43OaP5trl821z-15zHF8PUVdFguadDVR5cDkBb0HXV6xaM3bsojhSVzDu2c2tT4-aflXn2nL3ulv8CIyGGGQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>73036759</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Elevation of cytokine levels in cachectic patients with prostate carcinoma</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><source>Wiley Online Library Free Content</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Pfitzenmaier, Jesco ; Vessella, Robert ; Higano, Celestia S. ; Noteboom, Jennifer L. ; Wallace, David ; Corey, Eva</creator><creatorcontrib>Pfitzenmaier, Jesco ; Vessella, Robert ; Higano, Celestia S. ; Noteboom, Jennifer L. ; Wallace, David ; Corey, Eva</creatorcontrib><description>BACKGROUND
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. The pathophysiology of cachexia is multifactorial, and several cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, and IL‐8, may be involved. The objective of the current study was to determine whether cachexia associated with advanced CaP is accompanied by increased serum levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐8.
METHODS
The levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were examined in serum samples from normal donors (n = 10 donors), from patients with organ‐confined CaP (n = 19 patients), from patients with advanced CaP without cachexia (n = 17 patients), and from patients with cachectic CaP (n = 26 patients). DPC Immulite and Abbott IMx Total‐PSA assays were used to determine cytokine and PSA levels, respectively.
RESULTS
Levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were elevated significantly in the group of patients with advanced, cachectic CaP compared with patients who were without cachexia. In the cachectic patients, levels of TNFα were correlated positively with IL‐8, and there was no correlation between PSA levels and any of the cytokine levels. IL‐1β levels were below the limit of detection in all samples.
CONCLUSIONS
The current results show that levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were increased in CaP patients with cachexia. Increased levels of these cytokines were not correlated with PSA levels, suggesting that they are regulated by a mechanism that is independent of PSA synthesis. Additional fundamental research is needed to determine the mechanisms involved and to identify potential therapeutic targets in patients with cachexia. Cancer 2003;97:1211–6. © 2003 American Cancer Society.
DOI 10.1002/cncr.11178
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. It has been proposed that several cytokines are involved in the development of cachexia. The authors found that levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 8 are increased in patients with advanced cachectic CaP compared with patients with advanced noncachectic CaP and that these cytokines play a role in CaP cachexia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0008-543X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-0142</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11178</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12599227</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CANCAR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><subject>Aged ; Biological and medical sciences ; cachexia ; Cachexia - blood ; Cachexia - etiology ; cytokines ; Cytokines - blood ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 - blood ; Interleukin-6 - blood ; Interleukin-8 - blood ; interleukins ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases ; prostate specific antigen (PSA) ; Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood ; prostatic neoplasm ; Prostatic Neoplasms - blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms - complications ; Prostatic Neoplasms - radiotherapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism ; Tumors of the urinary system ; Urinary tract. Prostate gland</subject><ispartof>Cancer, 2003-03, Vol.97 (5), p.1211-1216</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2003 American Cancer Society</rights><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 2003 American Cancer Society.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3558-20072bb976149e039b56ec9b3e3a26ecc04e3fbf5d831228ac08dedc5a27a0303</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3558-20072bb976149e039b56ec9b3e3a26ecc04e3fbf5d831228ac08dedc5a27a0303</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fcncr.11178$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fcncr.11178$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14647051$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12599227$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pfitzenmaier, Jesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vessella, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higano, Celestia S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noteboom, Jennifer L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallace, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corey, Eva</creatorcontrib><title>Elevation of cytokine levels in cachectic patients with prostate carcinoma</title><title>Cancer</title><addtitle>Cancer</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. The pathophysiology of cachexia is multifactorial, and several cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, and IL‐8, may be involved. The objective of the current study was to determine whether cachexia associated with advanced CaP is accompanied by increased serum levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐8.
METHODS
The levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were examined in serum samples from normal donors (n = 10 donors), from patients with organ‐confined CaP (n = 19 patients), from patients with advanced CaP without cachexia (n = 17 patients), and from patients with cachectic CaP (n = 26 patients). DPC Immulite and Abbott IMx Total‐PSA assays were used to determine cytokine and PSA levels, respectively.
RESULTS
Levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were elevated significantly in the group of patients with advanced, cachectic CaP compared with patients who were without cachexia. In the cachectic patients, levels of TNFα were correlated positively with IL‐8, and there was no correlation between PSA levels and any of the cytokine levels. IL‐1β levels were below the limit of detection in all samples.
CONCLUSIONS
The current results show that levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were increased in CaP patients with cachexia. Increased levels of these cytokines were not correlated with PSA levels, suggesting that they are regulated by a mechanism that is independent of PSA synthesis. Additional fundamental research is needed to determine the mechanisms involved and to identify potential therapeutic targets in patients with cachexia. Cancer 2003;97:1211–6. © 2003 American Cancer Society.
DOI 10.1002/cncr.11178
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. It has been proposed that several cytokines are involved in the development of cachexia. The authors found that levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 8 are increased in patients with advanced cachectic CaP compared with patients with advanced noncachectic CaP and that these cytokines play a role in CaP cachexia.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>cachexia</subject><subject>Cachexia - blood</subject><subject>Cachexia - etiology</subject><subject>cytokines</subject><subject>Cytokines - blood</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Interleukin-1 - blood</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - blood</subject><subject>Interleukin-8 - blood</subject><subject>interleukins</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases</subject><subject>prostate specific antigen (PSA)</subject><subject>Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood</subject><subject>prostatic neoplasm</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - blood</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - complications</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</subject><subject>Tumors of the urinary system</subject><subject>Urinary tract. Prostate gland</subject><issn>0008-543X</issn><issn>1097-0142</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp90MtKw0AUBuBBFFurGx9AstGFkDqXTCZZSqg3ioIouAuTkxM6mkvNTC19e6c20J2rufBxzs9PyDmjU0Ypv4EW-iljTCUHZMxoqkLKIn5IxpTSJJSR-BiRE2s__VNxKY7JiHGZppyrMXma1fijnenaoKsC2Ljuy7QY-E-sbWDaADQsEJyBYOkZts4Ga-MWwbLvrNMOPejBtF2jT8lRpWuLZ8M5Ie93s7fsIZy_3D9mt_MQhJRJyLcpiiJVMYtSpCItZIyQFgKF5v4GNEJRFZUsE8E4TzTQpMQSpOZKU0HFhFzt5voI3yu0Lm-MBaxr3WK3srnyJlYy9fB6B8FntT1W-bI3je43OaP5trl821z-15zHF8PUVdFguadDVR5cDkBb0HXV6xaM3bsojhSVzDu2c2tT4-aflXn2nL3ulv8CIyGGGQ</recordid><startdate>20030301</startdate><enddate>20030301</enddate><creator>Pfitzenmaier, Jesco</creator><creator>Vessella, Robert</creator><creator>Higano, Celestia S.</creator><creator>Noteboom, Jennifer L.</creator><creator>Wallace, David</creator><creator>Corey, Eva</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</general><general>Wiley-Liss</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030301</creationdate><title>Elevation of cytokine levels in cachectic patients with prostate carcinoma</title><author>Pfitzenmaier, Jesco ; Vessella, Robert ; Higano, Celestia S. ; Noteboom, Jennifer L. ; Wallace, David ; Corey, Eva</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3558-20072bb976149e039b56ec9b3e3a26ecc04e3fbf5d831228ac08dedc5a27a0303</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>cachexia</topic><topic>Cachexia - blood</topic><topic>Cachexia - etiology</topic><topic>cytokines</topic><topic>Cytokines - blood</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Interleukin-1 - blood</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - blood</topic><topic>Interleukin-8 - blood</topic><topic>interleukins</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases</topic><topic>prostate specific antigen (PSA)</topic><topic>Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood</topic><topic>prostatic neoplasm</topic><topic>Prostatic Neoplasms - blood</topic><topic>Prostatic Neoplasms - complications</topic><topic>Prostatic Neoplasms - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</topic><topic>Tumors of the urinary system</topic><topic>Urinary tract. Prostate gland</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pfitzenmaier, Jesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vessella, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higano, Celestia S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noteboom, Jennifer L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallace, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corey, Eva</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Cancer</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pfitzenmaier, Jesco</au><au>Vessella, Robert</au><au>Higano, Celestia S.</au><au>Noteboom, Jennifer L.</au><au>Wallace, David</au><au>Corey, Eva</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Elevation of cytokine levels in cachectic patients with prostate carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>Cancer</jtitle><addtitle>Cancer</addtitle><date>2003-03-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>97</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1211</spage><epage>1216</epage><pages>1211-1216</pages><issn>0008-543X</issn><eissn>1097-0142</eissn><coden>CANCAR</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. The pathophysiology of cachexia is multifactorial, and several cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, and IL‐8, may be involved. The objective of the current study was to determine whether cachexia associated with advanced CaP is accompanied by increased serum levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐8.
METHODS
The levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were examined in serum samples from normal donors (n = 10 donors), from patients with organ‐confined CaP (n = 19 patients), from patients with advanced CaP without cachexia (n = 17 patients), and from patients with cachectic CaP (n = 26 patients). DPC Immulite and Abbott IMx Total‐PSA assays were used to determine cytokine and PSA levels, respectively.
RESULTS
Levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were elevated significantly in the group of patients with advanced, cachectic CaP compared with patients who were without cachexia. In the cachectic patients, levels of TNFα were correlated positively with IL‐8, and there was no correlation between PSA levels and any of the cytokine levels. IL‐1β levels were below the limit of detection in all samples.
CONCLUSIONS
The current results show that levels of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were increased in CaP patients with cachexia. Increased levels of these cytokines were not correlated with PSA levels, suggesting that they are regulated by a mechanism that is independent of PSA synthesis. Additional fundamental research is needed to determine the mechanisms involved and to identify potential therapeutic targets in patients with cachexia. Cancer 2003;97:1211–6. © 2003 American Cancer Society.
DOI 10.1002/cncr.11178
Approximately 60–70% of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (CaP) suffer from cachexia, one of the most devastating conditions associated with advanced malignant disease. It has been proposed that several cytokines are involved in the development of cachexia. The authors found that levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 8 are increased in patients with advanced cachectic CaP compared with patients with advanced noncachectic CaP and that these cytokines play a role in CaP cachexia.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><pmid>12599227</pmid><doi>10.1002/cncr.11178</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aged Biological and medical sciences cachexia Cachexia - blood Cachexia - etiology cytokines Cytokines - blood Humans Interleukin-1 - blood Interleukin-6 - blood Interleukin-8 - blood interleukins Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases prostate specific antigen (PSA) Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood prostatic neoplasm Prostatic Neoplasms - blood Prostatic Neoplasms - complications Prostatic Neoplasms - radiotherapy Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism Tumors of the urinary system Urinary tract. Prostate gland |
| title | Elevation of cytokine levels in cachectic patients with prostate carcinoma |
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