Variable effects of American ginseng: a batch of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) with a depressed ginsenoside profile does not affect postprandial glycemia
Background : We have repeatedly reported that American ginseng (AG) with a specific ginsenoside profile significantly decreases postprandial glycemia. Whether this effect is reproducible using AG with a different profile is unknown. We therefore investigated the effect of a different batch of AG on...
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| creator | Sievenpiper, J L Arnason, J T Leiter, L A Vuksan, V |
| description | Background
: We have repeatedly reported that American ginseng (AG) with a specific ginsenoside profile significantly decreases postprandial glycemia. Whether this effect is reproducible using AG with a different profile is unknown. We therefore investigated the effect of a different batch of AG on glycemia following a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Methods
: Using a randomized, single blind design, 12 normal subjects (six males and six females, aged 31±3 y, body mass index (BMI) 28±2 kg/m
2
) received 6 g AG or placebo 40 min before a 75 g OGTT. The protocol followed the guidelines for the OGTT, with venous blood samples drawn at −40, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min. Ginsenosides in the AG were assessed by established methods for HPLC-UV.
Results
: Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that there was no significant effect of the AG on incremental plasma glucose (PG) or insulin (PI) or their areas under the curve Indices of insulin sensitivity (insulin sensitivity index (ISI)) and release (ΔPI
30-0
/ΔPG
30-0
) calculated from the OGTT were also unaffected. The AG contained 1.66% total ginsenosides, 0.90% (20S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) ginsenosides, and 0.75% (20
S
)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) ginsenosides, with the following key ratios: PPD:PPT of 1.2, Rb
1
:Rg
1
of 8.1, and Rb
2
:Rc of 0.18.
Conclusion
: The present batch of AG was unable to reproduce the postprandial hypoglycemic effects we observed previously. Possible explanations for this discrepancy include marked decrements in total ginsenosides and the key ratios PPD:PPT, Rb
1
:Rg
1
, and Rb
2
:Rc. These data suggest that the ginsenoside profile of AG might play a role in its hypoglycemic effects. The involvement of other components cannot, however, be precluded. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601550 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_73011898</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A196160432</galeid><sourcerecordid>A196160432</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-88930b7afb27e9d19a17fe1c5c0a6b15ad68ac106df0a590ae128cdf825c7d313</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kk-P0zAQxSMEYpeFMzdkgVjBIV07iZ2EW7Xin1QJDsA1mtjj1JVrd-1EsB-I74m7jVRAXfngw_yeZ-b5ZdlzRheMls1V3CxwI92CCco4pw-yc1bVIueiog-zc9ryKi8prc-yJzFuKE3FunicnbGC10xwfp79_gHBQG-RoNYox0i8JsstBiPBkcG4iG54R4D0MMr1qSJ58xUc_CI3k3E3E2pvzRTJavGW_DTjOikV7gLGiGpW-GgUkl3w2qS2ymMkzo8E7vqTnY_jLoBTBiwZ7K3ErYGn2SMNNuKz-b7Ivn94_-36U7768vHz9XKVS17UY940bUn7GnRf1Ngq1gKrNTLJJQXRMw5KNCAZFUpT4C0FZEUjlW4KLmtVsvIiuzy8m6ZLu8Sx25oo0Vpw6KfY1SVlrGmbBL76D9z4Kbg0W1eIqqh52zKRqJf3UqwVgoq7nvkBGsBiZ5z2YwA5oMMA1jvcu9QtE57-uCqLxC9O8Omo5JQ8Kbj8S7BGsOM6ejuNxrv4L3h1AGXwMQbU3S6YLYTbjtFuH7cubrp93Lo5bknxYl5w6reojvycrwS8ngGIEqxOHytNPHJV8kCwOnH0wMVUcgOGo1P39f4DECPuhA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>219660631</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Variable effects of American ginseng: a batch of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) with a depressed ginsenoside profile does not affect postprandial glycemia</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><source>Nature Journals Online</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><creator>Sievenpiper, J L ; Arnason, J T ; Leiter, L A ; Vuksan, V</creator><creatorcontrib>Sievenpiper, J L ; Arnason, J T ; Leiter, L A ; Vuksan, V</creatorcontrib><description>Background
: We have repeatedly reported that American ginseng (AG) with a specific ginsenoside profile significantly decreases postprandial glycemia. Whether this effect is reproducible using AG with a different profile is unknown. We therefore investigated the effect of a different batch of AG on glycemia following a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Methods
: Using a randomized, single blind design, 12 normal subjects (six males and six females, aged 31±3 y, body mass index (BMI) 28±2 kg/m
2
) received 6 g AG or placebo 40 min before a 75 g OGTT. The protocol followed the guidelines for the OGTT, with venous blood samples drawn at −40, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min. Ginsenosides in the AG were assessed by established methods for HPLC-UV.
Results
: Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that there was no significant effect of the AG on incremental plasma glucose (PG) or insulin (PI) or their areas under the curve Indices of insulin sensitivity (insulin sensitivity index (ISI)) and release (ΔPI
30-0
/ΔPG
30-0
) calculated from the OGTT were also unaffected. The AG contained 1.66% total ginsenosides, 0.90% (20S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) ginsenosides, and 0.75% (20
S
)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) ginsenosides, with the following key ratios: PPD:PPT of 1.2, Rb
1
:Rg
1
of 8.1, and Rb
2
:Rc of 0.18.
Conclusion
: The present batch of AG was unable to reproduce the postprandial hypoglycemic effects we observed previously. Possible explanations for this discrepancy include marked decrements in total ginsenosides and the key ratios PPD:PPT, Rb
1
:Rg
1
, and Rb
2
:Rc. These data suggest that the ginsenoside profile of AG might play a role in its hypoglycemic effects. The involvement of other components cannot, however, be precluded.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0954-3007</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5640</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601550</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12571655</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Adult ; Alternative medicine ; Analysis of Variance ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blindness ; Blood ; Blood glucose ; Blood Glucose - drug effects ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Clinical Nutrition ; Cross-Over Studies ; Diabetes ; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance ; Endocrine glands ; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) ; Endocrinopathies ; Epidemiology ; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance ; Female ; Ginseng ; Ginsenosides ; Ginsenosides - blood ; Ginsenosides - pharmacology ; Glucose ; Glucose tolerance ; Herbs ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia - blood ; Hyperglycemia - drug therapy ; Insulin ; Insulin - blood ; Internal Medicine ; Liquid chromatography ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; original-communication ; Panax ; Panax quinquefolius ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Preparations - blood ; Plant Preparations - pharmacology ; Postprandial Period - drug effects ; Public Health ; Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects) ; Reference Values ; Sensitivity ; Single-Blind Method ; Time Factors ; Variance analysis</subject><ispartof>European journal of clinical nutrition, 2003-02, Vol.57 (2), p.243-248</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature Limited 2003</rights><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2003 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Macmillan Journals Ltd. Feb 2003</rights><rights>Nature Publishing Group 2003.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-88930b7afb27e9d19a17fe1c5c0a6b15ad68ac106df0a590ae128cdf825c7d313</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-88930b7afb27e9d19a17fe1c5c0a6b15ad68ac106df0a590ae128cdf825c7d313</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601550$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601550$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14606617$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12571655$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sievenpiper, J L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnason, J T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leiter, L A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuksan, V</creatorcontrib><title>Variable effects of American ginseng: a batch of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) with a depressed ginsenoside profile does not affect postprandial glycemia</title><title>European journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description>Background
: We have repeatedly reported that American ginseng (AG) with a specific ginsenoside profile significantly decreases postprandial glycemia. Whether this effect is reproducible using AG with a different profile is unknown. We therefore investigated the effect of a different batch of AG on glycemia following a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Methods
: Using a randomized, single blind design, 12 normal subjects (six males and six females, aged 31±3 y, body mass index (BMI) 28±2 kg/m
2
) received 6 g AG or placebo 40 min before a 75 g OGTT. The protocol followed the guidelines for the OGTT, with venous blood samples drawn at −40, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min. Ginsenosides in the AG were assessed by established methods for HPLC-UV.
Results
: Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that there was no significant effect of the AG on incremental plasma glucose (PG) or insulin (PI) or their areas under the curve Indices of insulin sensitivity (insulin sensitivity index (ISI)) and release (ΔPI
30-0
/ΔPG
30-0
) calculated from the OGTT were also unaffected. The AG contained 1.66% total ginsenosides, 0.90% (20S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) ginsenosides, and 0.75% (20
S
)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) ginsenosides, with the following key ratios: PPD:PPT of 1.2, Rb
1
:Rg
1
of 8.1, and Rb
2
:Rc of 0.18.
Conclusion
: The present batch of AG was unable to reproduce the postprandial hypoglycemic effects we observed previously. Possible explanations for this discrepancy include marked decrements in total ginsenosides and the key ratios PPD:PPT, Rb
1
:Rg
1
, and Rb
2
:Rc. These data suggest that the ginsenoside profile of AG might play a role in its hypoglycemic effects. The involvement of other components cannot, however, be precluded.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alternative medicine</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blindness</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood glucose</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - drug effects</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Clinical Nutrition</subject><subject>Cross-Over Studies</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance</subject><subject>Endocrine glands</subject><subject>Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)</subject><subject>Endocrinopathies</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Ginseng</subject><subject>Ginsenosides</subject><subject>Ginsenosides - blood</subject><subject>Ginsenosides - pharmacology</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Glucose tolerance</subject><subject>Herbs</subject><subject>High-performance liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia - blood</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia - drug therapy</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Insulin - blood</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>original-communication</subject><subject>Panax</subject><subject>Panax quinquefolius</subject><subject>Phytotherapy</subject><subject>Plant Preparations - blood</subject><subject>Plant Preparations - pharmacology</subject><subject>Postprandial Period - drug effects</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects)</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Single-Blind Method</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><issn>0954-3007</issn><issn>1476-5640</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kk-P0zAQxSMEYpeFMzdkgVjBIV07iZ2EW7Xin1QJDsA1mtjj1JVrd-1EsB-I74m7jVRAXfngw_yeZ-b5ZdlzRheMls1V3CxwI92CCco4pw-yc1bVIueiog-zc9ryKi8prc-yJzFuKE3FunicnbGC10xwfp79_gHBQG-RoNYox0i8JsstBiPBkcG4iG54R4D0MMr1qSJ58xUc_CI3k3E3E2pvzRTJavGW_DTjOikV7gLGiGpW-GgUkl3w2qS2ymMkzo8E7vqTnY_jLoBTBiwZ7K3ErYGn2SMNNuKz-b7Ivn94_-36U7768vHz9XKVS17UY940bUn7GnRf1Ngq1gKrNTLJJQXRMw5KNCAZFUpT4C0FZEUjlW4KLmtVsvIiuzy8m6ZLu8Sx25oo0Vpw6KfY1SVlrGmbBL76D9z4Kbg0W1eIqqh52zKRqJf3UqwVgoq7nvkBGsBiZ5z2YwA5oMMA1jvcu9QtE57-uCqLxC9O8Omo5JQ8Kbj8S7BGsOM6ejuNxrv4L3h1AGXwMQbU3S6YLYTbjtFuH7cubrp93Lo5bknxYl5w6reojvycrwS8ngGIEqxOHytNPHJV8kCwOnH0wMVUcgOGo1P39f4DECPuhA</recordid><startdate>20030201</startdate><enddate>20030201</enddate><creator>Sievenpiper, J L</creator><creator>Arnason, J T</creator><creator>Leiter, L A</creator><creator>Vuksan, V</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030201</creationdate><title>Variable effects of American ginseng: a batch of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) with a depressed ginsenoside profile does not affect postprandial glycemia</title><author>Sievenpiper, J L ; Arnason, J T ; Leiter, L A ; Vuksan, V</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-88930b7afb27e9d19a17fe1c5c0a6b15ad68ac106df0a590ae128cdf825c7d313</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alternative medicine</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blindness</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood glucose</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - drug effects</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Clinical Nutrition</topic><topic>Cross-Over Studies</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance</topic><topic>Endocrine glands</topic><topic>Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)</topic><topic>Endocrinopathies</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Ginseng</topic><topic>Ginsenosides</topic><topic>Ginsenosides - blood</topic><topic>Ginsenosides - pharmacology</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Glucose tolerance</topic><topic>Herbs</topic><topic>High-performance liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia - blood</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia - drug therapy</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Insulin - blood</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases</topic><topic>original-communication</topic><topic>Panax</topic><topic>Panax quinquefolius</topic><topic>Phytotherapy</topic><topic>Plant Preparations - blood</topic><topic>Plant Preparations - pharmacology</topic><topic>Postprandial Period - drug effects</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects)</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Sensitivity</topic><topic>Single-Blind Method</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Variance analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sievenpiper, J L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnason, J T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leiter, L A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuksan, V</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Proquest Nursing & Allied Health Source</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sievenpiper, J L</au><au>Arnason, J T</au><au>Leiter, L A</au><au>Vuksan, V</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Variable effects of American ginseng: a batch of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) with a depressed ginsenoside profile does not affect postprandial glycemia</atitle><jtitle>European journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2003-02-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>57</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>243</spage><epage>248</epage><pages>243-248</pages><issn>0954-3007</issn><eissn>1476-5640</eissn><abstract>Background
: We have repeatedly reported that American ginseng (AG) with a specific ginsenoside profile significantly decreases postprandial glycemia. Whether this effect is reproducible using AG with a different profile is unknown. We therefore investigated the effect of a different batch of AG on glycemia following a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Methods
: Using a randomized, single blind design, 12 normal subjects (six males and six females, aged 31±3 y, body mass index (BMI) 28±2 kg/m
2
) received 6 g AG or placebo 40 min before a 75 g OGTT. The protocol followed the guidelines for the OGTT, with venous blood samples drawn at −40, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min. Ginsenosides in the AG were assessed by established methods for HPLC-UV.
Results
: Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that there was no significant effect of the AG on incremental plasma glucose (PG) or insulin (PI) or their areas under the curve Indices of insulin sensitivity (insulin sensitivity index (ISI)) and release (ΔPI
30-0
/ΔPG
30-0
) calculated from the OGTT were also unaffected. The AG contained 1.66% total ginsenosides, 0.90% (20S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) ginsenosides, and 0.75% (20
S
)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) ginsenosides, with the following key ratios: PPD:PPT of 1.2, Rb
1
:Rg
1
of 8.1, and Rb
2
:Rc of 0.18.
Conclusion
: The present batch of AG was unable to reproduce the postprandial hypoglycemic effects we observed previously. Possible explanations for this discrepancy include marked decrements in total ginsenosides and the key ratios PPD:PPT, Rb
1
:Rg
1
, and Rb
2
:Rc. These data suggest that the ginsenoside profile of AG might play a role in its hypoglycemic effects. The involvement of other components cannot, however, be precluded.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>12571655</pmid><doi>10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601550</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0954-3007 |
| ispartof | European journal of clinical nutrition, 2003-02, Vol.57 (2), p.243-248 |
| issn | 0954-3007 1476-5640 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_73011898 |
| source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals; Nature Journals Online; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Adult Alternative medicine Analysis of Variance Biological and medical sciences Blindness Blood Blood glucose Blood Glucose - drug effects Body mass index Body size Clinical Nutrition Cross-Over Studies Diabetes Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Endocrine glands Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Epidemiology Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance Female Ginseng Ginsenosides Ginsenosides - blood Ginsenosides - pharmacology Glucose Glucose tolerance Herbs High-performance liquid chromatography Humans Hyperglycemia - blood Hyperglycemia - drug therapy Insulin Insulin - blood Internal Medicine Liquid chromatography Male Medical sciences Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases original-communication Panax Panax quinquefolius Phytotherapy Plant Preparations - blood Plant Preparations - pharmacology Postprandial Period - drug effects Public Health Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects) Reference Values Sensitivity Single-Blind Method Time Factors Variance analysis |
| title | Variable effects of American ginseng: a batch of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) with a depressed ginsenoside profile does not affect postprandial glycemia |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-30T00%3A53%3A34IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Variable%20effects%20of%20American%20ginseng:%20a%20batch%20of%20American%20ginseng%20(Panax%20quinquefolius%20L.)%20with%20a%20depressed%20ginsenoside%20profile%20does%20not%20affect%20postprandial%20glycemia&rft.jtitle=European%20journal%20of%20clinical%20nutrition&rft.au=Sievenpiper,%20J%20L&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=243&rft.epage=248&rft.pages=243-248&rft.issn=0954-3007&rft.eissn=1476-5640&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601550&rft_dat=%3Cgale_proqu%3EA196160432%3C/gale_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=219660631&rft_id=info:pmid/12571655&rft_galeid=A196160432&rfr_iscdi=true |