Chemistry and biology of the ramoplanin family of peptide antibiotics

The peptide antibiotic ramoplanin factor A2 is a promising clinical candidate for treatment of Gram‐positive bacterial infections that are resistant to antibiotics such as glycopeptides, macrolides, and penicillins. Since its discovery in 1984, no clinical or laboratory‐generated resistance to this...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biopolymers 2002, Vol.66 (4), p.261-284
Hauptverfasser: McCafferty, Dewey G., Cudic, Predrag, Frankel, Brenda A., Barkallah, Salim, Kruger, Ryan G., Li, Wenkai
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container_end_page 284
container_issue 4
container_start_page 261
container_title Biopolymers
container_volume 66
creator McCafferty, Dewey G.
Cudic, Predrag
Frankel, Brenda A.
Barkallah, Salim
Kruger, Ryan G.
Li, Wenkai
description The peptide antibiotic ramoplanin factor A2 is a promising clinical candidate for treatment of Gram‐positive bacterial infections that are resistant to antibiotics such as glycopeptides, macrolides, and penicillins. Since its discovery in 1984, no clinical or laboratory‐generated resistance to this antibiotic has been reported. The mechanism of action of ramoplanin involves sequestration of peptidoglycan biosynthesis Lipid intermediates, thus physically occluding these substrates from proper utilization by the late‐stage peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzymes MurG and the transglycosylases (TGases). Ramoplanin is structurally related to two cell wall active lipodepsipeptide antibiotics, janiemycin, and enduracidin, and is functionally related to members of the lantibiotic class of antimicrobial peptides (mersacidin, actagardine, nisin, and epidermin) and glycopeptide antibiotics (vancomycin and teicoplanin). Peptidomimetic chemotherapeutics derived from the ramoplanin sequence may find future use as antibiotics against vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and related pathogens. Here we review the chemistry and biology of the ramoplanins including its discovery, structure elucidation, biosynthesis, antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and total synthesis. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 66: 261–284, 2002
doi_str_mv 10.1002/bip.10296
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subjects Amino Acid Sequence
Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry
Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
antimicrobial peptides
Bacteria - cytology
Bacteria - drug effects
Bacteria - metabolism
bacterial infections
Depsipeptides
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - drug therapy
Lipid
lipodepsipeptide
Models, Molecular
Molecular Sequence Data
pathogens
peptide antibiotics
Peptides, Cyclic - chemistry
Peptides, Cyclic - genetics
Peptides, Cyclic - metabolism
Peptides, Cyclic - pharmacology
peptidoglycan biosynthesis
peptidomimetic chemotherapeutics
Protein Conformation
ramoplanin
title Chemistry and biology of the ramoplanin family of peptide antibiotics
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