Coffee acutely increases sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure independently of caffeine content: Role of habitual versus nonhabitual drinking

Coffee is the most abundantly consumed stimulant worldwide. However, its cardiovascular safety remains controversial. Possible health hazards have been related to its main ingredient, caffeine. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system by coffee may enhance cardiovascular risk; however, it is unc...

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Veröffentlicht in:Circulation (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2002-12, Vol.106 (23), p.2935-2940
Hauptverfasser: CORTI, Roberto, BINGGELI, Christian, SUDANO, Isabella, SPIEKER, Lukas, HÄNSELER, Edgar, RUSCHITZKA, Frank, CHAPLIN, William F, LÜSCHER, Thomas F, NOLL, Georg
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container_end_page 2940
container_issue 23
container_start_page 2935
container_title Circulation (New York, N.Y.)
container_volume 106
creator CORTI, Roberto
BINGGELI, Christian
SUDANO, Isabella
SPIEKER, Lukas
HÄNSELER, Edgar
RUSCHITZKA, Frank
CHAPLIN, William F
LÜSCHER, Thomas F
NOLL, Georg
description Coffee is the most abundantly consumed stimulant worldwide. However, its cardiovascular safety remains controversial. Possible health hazards have been related to its main ingredient, caffeine. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system by coffee may enhance cardiovascular risk; however, it is unclear whether this effect of coffee is related to caffeine or other substance(s) also contained in decaffeinated coffee. In 15 healthy volunteers (6 habitual and 9 nonhabitual coffee drinkers) arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and muscle sympathetic nervous activity (MSA) were continuously recorded before and after drinking a triple espresso or a decaffeinated triple espresso or after intravenous administration of caffeine (250 mg) or placebo (saline) in the same subjects. There was a significant time x condition interaction for the intravenous caffeine and placebo conditions for MSA, with caffeine showing a significant increase in MSA at 60 minutes (53.2+/-14.1% total activity) and the placebo group showing no effect. A similar significant time effect was found for coffee drinking (54.1+/-22.5% total activity). Habitual and nonhabitual coffee drinkers demonstrated similar changes in MSA and BP after intravenous caffeine, whereas coffee drinking increased BP in nonhabitual drinkers only, despite comparable increases of MSA and plasma caffeine levels. Nonhabitual coffee drinkers showed similar activation of MSA and BP after caffeine infusion, coffee, or decaffeinated coffee. Acutely, coffee and caffeine induced comparable increases in MSA and BP in nonhabitual coffee drinkers, whereas habitual coffee drinkers exhibited lack of BP increase despite MSA activation to coffee. Because decaffeinated coffee also increases BP and MSA in nonhabitual drinkers, ingredients other than caffeine must be responsible for cardiovascular activation.
doi_str_mv 10.1161/01.CIR.0000046228.97025.3A
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However, its cardiovascular safety remains controversial. Possible health hazards have been related to its main ingredient, caffeine. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system by coffee may enhance cardiovascular risk; however, it is unclear whether this effect of coffee is related to caffeine or other substance(s) also contained in decaffeinated coffee. In 15 healthy volunteers (6 habitual and 9 nonhabitual coffee drinkers) arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and muscle sympathetic nervous activity (MSA) were continuously recorded before and after drinking a triple espresso or a decaffeinated triple espresso or after intravenous administration of caffeine (250 mg) or placebo (saline) in the same subjects. There was a significant time x condition interaction for the intravenous caffeine and placebo conditions for MSA, with caffeine showing a significant increase in MSA at 60 minutes (53.2+/-14.1% total activity) and the placebo group showing no effect. 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Because decaffeinated coffee also increases BP and MSA in nonhabitual drinkers, ingredients other than caffeine must be responsible for cardiovascular activation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-7322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1524-4539</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000046228.97025.3A</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12460875</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CIRCAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins</publisher><subject>Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood and lymphatic vessels ; Blood Pressure - drug effects ; Blood Pressure - physiology ; Caffeine - administration &amp; dosage ; Caffeine - pharmacology ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology ; Coffee - chemistry ; Electrocardiography - drug effects ; Feeding Behavior ; Hemodynamics - drug effects ; Hemodynamics - physiology ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Medical sciences ; Muscles - innervation ; Peroneal Nerve - drug effects ; Peroneal Nerve - physiology ; Reference Values ; Sympathetic Nervous System - drug effects ; Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology ; Time Factors</subject><ispartof>Circulation (New York, N.Y.), 2002-12, Vol.106 (23), p.2935-2940</ispartof><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Heart Association, Inc. 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However, its cardiovascular safety remains controversial. Possible health hazards have been related to its main ingredient, caffeine. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system by coffee may enhance cardiovascular risk; however, it is unclear whether this effect of coffee is related to caffeine or other substance(s) also contained in decaffeinated coffee. In 15 healthy volunteers (6 habitual and 9 nonhabitual coffee drinkers) arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and muscle sympathetic nervous activity (MSA) were continuously recorded before and after drinking a triple espresso or a decaffeinated triple espresso or after intravenous administration of caffeine (250 mg) or placebo (saline) in the same subjects. There was a significant time x condition interaction for the intravenous caffeine and placebo conditions for MSA, with caffeine showing a significant increase in MSA at 60 minutes (53.2+/-14.1% total activity) and the placebo group showing no effect. A similar significant time effect was found for coffee drinking (54.1+/-22.5% total activity). Habitual and nonhabitual coffee drinkers demonstrated similar changes in MSA and BP after intravenous caffeine, whereas coffee drinking increased BP in nonhabitual drinkers only, despite comparable increases of MSA and plasma caffeine levels. Nonhabitual coffee drinkers showed similar activation of MSA and BP after caffeine infusion, coffee, or decaffeinated coffee. Acutely, coffee and caffeine induced comparable increases in MSA and BP in nonhabitual coffee drinkers, whereas habitual coffee drinkers exhibited lack of BP increase despite MSA activation to coffee. Because decaffeinated coffee also increases BP and MSA in nonhabitual drinkers, ingredients other than caffeine must be responsible for cardiovascular activation.</description><subject>Administration, Oral</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Arterial hypertension. 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However, its cardiovascular safety remains controversial. Possible health hazards have been related to its main ingredient, caffeine. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system by coffee may enhance cardiovascular risk; however, it is unclear whether this effect of coffee is related to caffeine or other substance(s) also contained in decaffeinated coffee. In 15 healthy volunteers (6 habitual and 9 nonhabitual coffee drinkers) arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and muscle sympathetic nervous activity (MSA) were continuously recorded before and after drinking a triple espresso or a decaffeinated triple espresso or after intravenous administration of caffeine (250 mg) or placebo (saline) in the same subjects. There was a significant time x condition interaction for the intravenous caffeine and placebo conditions for MSA, with caffeine showing a significant increase in MSA at 60 minutes (53.2+/-14.1% total activity) and the placebo group showing no effect. A similar significant time effect was found for coffee drinking (54.1+/-22.5% total activity). Habitual and nonhabitual coffee drinkers demonstrated similar changes in MSA and BP after intravenous caffeine, whereas coffee drinking increased BP in nonhabitual drinkers only, despite comparable increases of MSA and plasma caffeine levels. Nonhabitual coffee drinkers showed similar activation of MSA and BP after caffeine infusion, coffee, or decaffeinated coffee. Acutely, coffee and caffeine induced comparable increases in MSA and BP in nonhabitual coffee drinkers, whereas habitual coffee drinkers exhibited lack of BP increase despite MSA activation to coffee. Because decaffeinated coffee also increases BP and MSA in nonhabitual drinkers, ingredients other than caffeine must be responsible for cardiovascular activation.</abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins</pub><pmid>12460875</pmid><doi>10.1161/01.CIR.0000046228.97025.3A</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; American Heart Association Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Journals@Ovid Complete
subjects Administration, Oral
Adult
Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension
Biological and medical sciences
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Blood Pressure - drug effects
Blood Pressure - physiology
Caffeine - administration & dosage
Caffeine - pharmacology
Cardiology. Vascular system
Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology
Coffee - chemistry
Electrocardiography - drug effects
Feeding Behavior
Hemodynamics - drug effects
Hemodynamics - physiology
Humans
Injections, Intravenous
Medical sciences
Muscles - innervation
Peroneal Nerve - drug effects
Peroneal Nerve - physiology
Reference Values
Sympathetic Nervous System - drug effects
Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology
Time Factors
title Coffee acutely increases sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure independently of caffeine content: Role of habitual versus nonhabitual drinking
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