Fetal intracranial hemorrhage: is minor maternal trauma a possible pathogenetic factor?
Objective The occurrence of fetal intracranial hemorrhage before labor has been repeatedly observed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage in relation to its location. Possible causative factors were also evaluated. Design Five consecutive...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology 2001-10, Vol.18 (4), p.335-342 |
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| creator | Strigini, F. A. L. Cioni, G. Canapicchi, R. Nardini, V. Capriello, P. Carmignani, A. |
| description | Objective
The occurrence of fetal intracranial hemorrhage before labor has been repeatedly observed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage in relation to its location. Possible causative factors were also evaluated.
Design
Five consecutive cases of fetal intracranial hemorrhage were identified at a single ultrasound unit between 1996 and 1999. In utero magnetic resonance imaging was also performed in four of these cases. Autopsy was performed after pregnancy termination or intrauterine fetal death (one case of each), and neurological follow‐up was initiated in the three surviving infants.
Results
Hydrocephaly was the predominant sonographic finding associated with intraventricular or subependymal hemorrhage; sonography provided the correct diagnosis in the former (two cases), whereas magnetic resonance imaging was necessary in the latter. Massive intraparenchymal hemorrhage was depicted as an irregular echoic mass, whereas extradural hemorrhage had a cystic appearance. History of minor maternal physical trauma without maternal or placental injury was elicited in all cases. Ultrasound examinations performed before or shortly after the trauma were available in all cases and showed normal fetal anatomy.
Conclusions
The sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage is variable, depending on its location. Even though sonography detected an intracranial anomaly in all cases, magnetic resonance imaging was necessary to establish the hemorrhagic nature of isolated subependymal and extradural hemorrhage. The similarity of histories involving minor maternal physical trauma in all cases, together with the absence of any known factor predisposing to fetal hemorrhage, may suggest that trauma is at least a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of fetal intracranial hemorrhage. Copyright © 2001 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00486.x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_72383864</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>72383864</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5436-f4d6c919b485b6a4bd5fd35039daa64068421f0be452e50c9b290db901ecfb823</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkE1r3DAQhkVpaTab_oWgS0ovdkcflqVSCCXkCwK5JPQoJFnOavHHVvKS5N9Hzi7JreQkBj0z886DECZQEuDi57oEJaCohaIlBSAlAJeifPqEFoQLVUAN1We0eIMO0GFKawAQnImv6ICQupZK0QX6e-En0-EwTNG4aIaQi5XvxxhX5sH_wiHhPgxjxL2ZfBzybwa3vcEGb8aUgu083phpNT74wU_B4da4aYynR-hLa7rkv-3fJbq_OL87uypubi-vz_7cFK7KUYqWN8IpoiyXlRWG26ZqG1YBU40xgoOQnJIWrOcV9RU4ZamCxiog3rVWUrZE33dzN3H8t_Vp0n1IznedGfy4TbqmTDKZz16iH_8FiRSSsboGlVG5Q13MJ0bf6k0MvYnPmoCe_eu1ntXqWa2e_etX__optx7vt2xt75v3xr3wDJzsAZOc6dqs3IX0znFCKxBzht877jF0_vnDAfT97SUlgr0AAwSg1Q</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1868337709</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Fetal intracranial hemorrhage: is minor maternal trauma a possible pathogenetic factor?</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Free Content</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library All Journals</source><creator>Strigini, F. A. L. ; Cioni, G. ; Canapicchi, R. ; Nardini, V. ; Capriello, P. ; Carmignani, A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Strigini, F. A. L. ; Cioni, G. ; Canapicchi, R. ; Nardini, V. ; Capriello, P. ; Carmignani, A.</creatorcontrib><description>Objective
The occurrence of fetal intracranial hemorrhage before labor has been repeatedly observed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage in relation to its location. Possible causative factors were also evaluated.
Design
Five consecutive cases of fetal intracranial hemorrhage were identified at a single ultrasound unit between 1996 and 1999. In utero magnetic resonance imaging was also performed in four of these cases. Autopsy was performed after pregnancy termination or intrauterine fetal death (one case of each), and neurological follow‐up was initiated in the three surviving infants.
Results
Hydrocephaly was the predominant sonographic finding associated with intraventricular or subependymal hemorrhage; sonography provided the correct diagnosis in the former (two cases), whereas magnetic resonance imaging was necessary in the latter. Massive intraparenchymal hemorrhage was depicted as an irregular echoic mass, whereas extradural hemorrhage had a cystic appearance. History of minor maternal physical trauma without maternal or placental injury was elicited in all cases. Ultrasound examinations performed before or shortly after the trauma were available in all cases and showed normal fetal anatomy.
Conclusions
The sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage is variable, depending on its location. Even though sonography detected an intracranial anomaly in all cases, magnetic resonance imaging was necessary to establish the hemorrhagic nature of isolated subependymal and extradural hemorrhage. The similarity of histories involving minor maternal physical trauma in all cases, together with the absence of any known factor predisposing to fetal hemorrhage, may suggest that trauma is at least a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of fetal intracranial hemorrhage. Copyright © 2001 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-7692</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-0705</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00486.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11778992</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Causality ; Extradural hemorrhage ; Female ; Fetal Diseases - diagnostic imaging ; Fetal intracranial hemorrhage ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages - diagnostic imaging ; Intracranial Hemorrhages - etiology ; Intraparenchymal hemorrhage ; Intraventricular hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical sciences ; Neurology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging ; Prenatal ultrasound ; Subependymal hemorrhage ; Trauma during pregnancy ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system ; Wounds and Injuries - complications</subject><ispartof>Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology, 2001-10, Vol.18 (4), p.335-342</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2001 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5436-f4d6c919b485b6a4bd5fd35039daa64068421f0be452e50c9b290db901ecfb823</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046%2Fj.0960-7692.2001.00486.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046%2Fj.0960-7692.2001.00486.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,1432,27922,27923,45572,45573,46407,46831</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14125069$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11778992$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Strigini, F. A. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cioni, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Canapicchi, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nardini, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capriello, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carmignani, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Fetal intracranial hemorrhage: is minor maternal trauma a possible pathogenetic factor?</title><title>Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology</title><addtitle>Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol</addtitle><description>Objective
The occurrence of fetal intracranial hemorrhage before labor has been repeatedly observed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage in relation to its location. Possible causative factors were also evaluated.
Design
Five consecutive cases of fetal intracranial hemorrhage were identified at a single ultrasound unit between 1996 and 1999. In utero magnetic resonance imaging was also performed in four of these cases. Autopsy was performed after pregnancy termination or intrauterine fetal death (one case of each), and neurological follow‐up was initiated in the three surviving infants.
Results
Hydrocephaly was the predominant sonographic finding associated with intraventricular or subependymal hemorrhage; sonography provided the correct diagnosis in the former (two cases), whereas magnetic resonance imaging was necessary in the latter. Massive intraparenchymal hemorrhage was depicted as an irregular echoic mass, whereas extradural hemorrhage had a cystic appearance. History of minor maternal physical trauma without maternal or placental injury was elicited in all cases. Ultrasound examinations performed before or shortly after the trauma were available in all cases and showed normal fetal anatomy.
Conclusions
The sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage is variable, depending on its location. Even though sonography detected an intracranial anomaly in all cases, magnetic resonance imaging was necessary to establish the hemorrhagic nature of isolated subependymal and extradural hemorrhage. The similarity of histories involving minor maternal physical trauma in all cases, together with the absence of any known factor predisposing to fetal hemorrhage, may suggest that trauma is at least a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of fetal intracranial hemorrhage. Copyright © 2001 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Causality</subject><subject>Extradural hemorrhage</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fetal Diseases - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Fetal intracranial hemorrhage</subject><subject>Gestational Age</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intracranial Hemorrhages - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Intracranial Hemorrhages - etiology</subject><subject>Intraparenchymal hemorrhage</subject><subject>Intraventricular hemorrhage</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Complications</subject><subject>Pregnancy Outcome</subject><subject>Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Prenatal ultrasound</subject><subject>Subependymal hemorrhage</subject><subject>Trauma during pregnancy</subject><subject>Ultrasonography, Prenatal</subject><subject>Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - complications</subject><issn>0960-7692</issn><issn>1469-0705</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkE1r3DAQhkVpaTab_oWgS0ovdkcflqVSCCXkCwK5JPQoJFnOavHHVvKS5N9Hzi7JreQkBj0z886DECZQEuDi57oEJaCohaIlBSAlAJeifPqEFoQLVUAN1We0eIMO0GFKawAQnImv6ICQupZK0QX6e-En0-EwTNG4aIaQi5XvxxhX5sH_wiHhPgxjxL2ZfBzybwa3vcEGb8aUgu083phpNT74wU_B4da4aYynR-hLa7rkv-3fJbq_OL87uypubi-vz_7cFK7KUYqWN8IpoiyXlRWG26ZqG1YBU40xgoOQnJIWrOcV9RU4ZamCxiog3rVWUrZE33dzN3H8t_Vp0n1IznedGfy4TbqmTDKZz16iH_8FiRSSsboGlVG5Q13MJ0bf6k0MvYnPmoCe_eu1ntXqWa2e_etX__optx7vt2xt75v3xr3wDJzsAZOc6dqs3IX0znFCKxBzht877jF0_vnDAfT97SUlgr0AAwSg1Q</recordid><startdate>200110</startdate><enddate>200110</enddate><creator>Strigini, F. A. L.</creator><creator>Cioni, G.</creator><creator>Canapicchi, R.</creator><creator>Nardini, V.</creator><creator>Capriello, P.</creator><creator>Carmignani, A.</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><general>Wiley</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200110</creationdate><title>Fetal intracranial hemorrhage: is minor maternal trauma a possible pathogenetic factor?</title><author>Strigini, F. A. L. ; Cioni, G. ; Canapicchi, R. ; Nardini, V. ; Capriello, P. ; Carmignani, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5436-f4d6c919b485b6a4bd5fd35039daa64068421f0be452e50c9b290db901ecfb823</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Causality</topic><topic>Extradural hemorrhage</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fetal Diseases - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Fetal intracranial hemorrhage</topic><topic>Gestational Age</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intracranial Hemorrhages - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Intracranial Hemorrhages - etiology</topic><topic>Intraparenchymal hemorrhage</topic><topic>Intraventricular hemorrhage</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnancy Complications</topic><topic>Pregnancy Outcome</topic><topic>Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Prenatal ultrasound</topic><topic>Subependymal hemorrhage</topic><topic>Trauma during pregnancy</topic><topic>Ultrasonography, Prenatal</topic><topic>Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system</topic><topic>Wounds and Injuries - complications</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Strigini, F. A. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cioni, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Canapicchi, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nardini, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capriello, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carmignani, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Strigini, F. A. L.</au><au>Cioni, G.</au><au>Canapicchi, R.</au><au>Nardini, V.</au><au>Capriello, P.</au><au>Carmignani, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fetal intracranial hemorrhage: is minor maternal trauma a possible pathogenetic factor?</atitle><jtitle>Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology</jtitle><addtitle>Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol</addtitle><date>2001-10</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>335</spage><epage>342</epage><pages>335-342</pages><issn>0960-7692</issn><eissn>1469-0705</eissn><abstract>Objective
The occurrence of fetal intracranial hemorrhage before labor has been repeatedly observed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage in relation to its location. Possible causative factors were also evaluated.
Design
Five consecutive cases of fetal intracranial hemorrhage were identified at a single ultrasound unit between 1996 and 1999. In utero magnetic resonance imaging was also performed in four of these cases. Autopsy was performed after pregnancy termination or intrauterine fetal death (one case of each), and neurological follow‐up was initiated in the three surviving infants.
Results
Hydrocephaly was the predominant sonographic finding associated with intraventricular or subependymal hemorrhage; sonography provided the correct diagnosis in the former (two cases), whereas magnetic resonance imaging was necessary in the latter. Massive intraparenchymal hemorrhage was depicted as an irregular echoic mass, whereas extradural hemorrhage had a cystic appearance. History of minor maternal physical trauma without maternal or placental injury was elicited in all cases. Ultrasound examinations performed before or shortly after the trauma were available in all cases and showed normal fetal anatomy.
Conclusions
The sonographic appearance of fetal intracranial hemorrhage is variable, depending on its location. Even though sonography detected an intracranial anomaly in all cases, magnetic resonance imaging was necessary to establish the hemorrhagic nature of isolated subependymal and extradural hemorrhage. The similarity of histories involving minor maternal physical trauma in all cases, together with the absence of any known factor predisposing to fetal hemorrhage, may suggest that trauma is at least a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of fetal intracranial hemorrhage. Copyright © 2001 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><pmid>11778992</pmid><doi>10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00486.x</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology, 2001-10, Vol.18 (4), p.335-342 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Free Content; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Wiley Online Library All Journals |
| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Causality Extradural hemorrhage Female Fetal Diseases - diagnostic imaging Fetal intracranial hemorrhage Gestational Age Humans Intracranial Hemorrhages - diagnostic imaging Intracranial Hemorrhages - etiology Intraparenchymal hemorrhage Intraventricular hemorrhage Magnetic Resonance Imaging Medical sciences Neurology Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications Pregnancy Outcome Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging Prenatal ultrasound Subependymal hemorrhage Trauma during pregnancy Ultrasonography, Prenatal Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system Wounds and Injuries - complications |
| title | Fetal intracranial hemorrhage: is minor maternal trauma a possible pathogenetic factor? |
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