Effect of photopolymerization variables on composite hardness
Statement of Problem. Variations in light-polymerizing parameters, such as light intensity and light-to-material distance, may affect the physical characteristics of polymerized resin. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relation between total light energy and the final hardne...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of prosthetic dentistry 2001-12, Vol.86 (6), p.632-635 |
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| container_title | The Journal of prosthetic dentistry |
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| creator | Abate, Pablo F. Zahra, Vivian N. Macchi, Ricardo L. |
| description | Statement of Problem. Variations in light-polymerizing parameters, such as light intensity and light-to-material distance, may affect the physical characteristics of polymerized resin. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relation between total light energy and the final hardness of 4 composites polymerized under varying conditions. Material and Methods. Four commercial composite restorative resins (Z100, Filtek A110, Tetric Ceram, and Tetric Flow) were used to prepare 4 disk-shaped specimens (6 × 2 mm) for each experimental condition. Photoactivation was carried out with a light device and energy of 22.6, 15.7, 9.0, or 6.7 J/cm2. Either the light-to-material distance (0, 5, 10, 15 mm) or activation time (40, 28, 16, 12 seconds) was varied. Immediately after polymerization, Barcol hardness was determined on the specimen surface that had been exposed to the light. Analysis of variance (P.05) was found for the overall effect of the experimental variables (polymerization time and distance), but significant differences (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1067/mpr.2001.120843 |
| format | Article |
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Variations in light-polymerizing parameters, such as light intensity and light-to-material distance, may affect the physical characteristics of polymerized resin. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relation between total light energy and the final hardness of 4 composites polymerized under varying conditions. Material and Methods. Four commercial composite restorative resins (Z100, Filtek A110, Tetric Ceram, and Tetric Flow) were used to prepare 4 disk-shaped specimens (6 × 2 mm) for each experimental condition. Photoactivation was carried out with a light device and energy of 22.6, 15.7, 9.0, or 6.7 J/cm2. Either the light-to-material distance (0, 5, 10, 15 mm) or activation time (40, 28, 16, 12 seconds) was varied. Immediately after polymerization, Barcol hardness was determined on the specimen surface that had been exposed to the light. Analysis of variance (P<.05) and regression analysis were used to examine the data. Results. No significance (P>.05) was found for the overall effect of the experimental variables (polymerization time and distance), but significant differences (P<.01) were found among materials and energy levels. Regression equations for each product and polymerization condition were calculated for hardness as a function of energy. No significant differences were found for slopes within each material. Hardness values were 3.0 to 3.5 for Tetric Ceram, Tetric Flow, and Filtek A110 and approximately 4.9 for Z100. Conclusion. The hardness of the products analyzed was related to the total energy used for activation. The effect was independent of the manner in which the amount of energy was modified (light-to-material distance or activation time). (J Prosthet Dent 2001;86:632-5.)</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3913</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-6841</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1067/mpr.2001.120843</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11753316</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Mosby, Inc</publisher><subject>Analysis of Variance ; Composite Resins - chemistry ; Composite Resins - radiation effects ; Dentistry ; Hardness ; Light ; Materials Testing ; Polymers - chemistry ; Regression Analysis ; Silicon Dioxide - chemistry ; Silicon Dioxide - radiation effects ; Zirconium - chemistry ; Zirconium - radiation effects</subject><ispartof>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 2001-12, Vol.86 (6), p.632-635</ispartof><rights>2001 Editorial Council of The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c440t-198cb1c239d30b710014e36fa0e58e2a72a0077833e85d76a3c02153d55229613</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c440t-198cb1c239d30b710014e36fa0e58e2a72a0077833e85d76a3c02153d55229613</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2001.120843$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3554,27933,27934,46004</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11753316$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Abate, Pablo F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zahra, Vivian N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macchi, Ricardo L.</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of photopolymerization variables on composite hardness</title><title>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry</title><addtitle>J Prosthet Dent</addtitle><description>Statement of Problem. Variations in light-polymerizing parameters, such as light intensity and light-to-material distance, may affect the physical characteristics of polymerized resin. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relation between total light energy and the final hardness of 4 composites polymerized under varying conditions. Material and Methods. Four commercial composite restorative resins (Z100, Filtek A110, Tetric Ceram, and Tetric Flow) were used to prepare 4 disk-shaped specimens (6 × 2 mm) for each experimental condition. Photoactivation was carried out with a light device and energy of 22.6, 15.7, 9.0, or 6.7 J/cm2. Either the light-to-material distance (0, 5, 10, 15 mm) or activation time (40, 28, 16, 12 seconds) was varied. Immediately after polymerization, Barcol hardness was determined on the specimen surface that had been exposed to the light. Analysis of variance (P<.05) and regression analysis were used to examine the data. Results. No significance (P>.05) was found for the overall effect of the experimental variables (polymerization time and distance), but significant differences (P<.01) were found among materials and energy levels. Regression equations for each product and polymerization condition were calculated for hardness as a function of energy. No significant differences were found for slopes within each material. Hardness values were 3.0 to 3.5 for Tetric Ceram, Tetric Flow, and Filtek A110 and approximately 4.9 for Z100. Conclusion. The hardness of the products analyzed was related to the total energy used for activation. The effect was independent of the manner in which the amount of energy was modified (light-to-material distance or activation time). (J Prosthet Dent 2001;86:632-5.)</description><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Composite Resins - chemistry</subject><subject>Composite Resins - radiation effects</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Hardness</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Polymers - chemistry</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Silicon Dioxide - chemistry</subject><subject>Silicon Dioxide - radiation effects</subject><subject>Zirconium - chemistry</subject><subject>Zirconium - radiation effects</subject><issn>0022-3913</issn><issn>1097-6841</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1Lw0AQQBdRbK2evUlO3tLO7CbZ5OBBSv2Aghc9L5vNhK4k2bibFuqvN6UFT-JpGHjzGB5jtwhzhEwu2t7POQDOkUOeiDM2RShknOUJnrMpAOexKFBM2FUInwCQpxIv2QRRpkJgNmUPq7omM0SujvqNG1zvmn1L3n7rwbou2mlvddlQiMbFuLZ3wQ4UbbSvOgrhml3Uugl0c5oz9vG0el--xOu359fl4zo2SQJDjEVuSjRcFJWAUuL4cEIiqzVQmhPXkmsAKXMhKE8rmWlhgGMqqjTlvMhQzNj90dt797WlMKjWBkNNozty26AkF1Imgv8L8kxyCWk2gosjaLwLwVOtem9b7fcKQR3SqjGtOqRVx7Tjxd1JvS1bqn75U8sRKI4AjSV2lrwKxlJnqLJ-TKwqZ_-U_wB4YIZT</recordid><startdate>20011201</startdate><enddate>20011201</enddate><creator>Abate, Pablo F.</creator><creator>Zahra, Vivian N.</creator><creator>Macchi, Ricardo L.</creator><general>Mosby, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20011201</creationdate><title>Effect of photopolymerization variables on composite hardness</title><author>Abate, Pablo F. ; Zahra, Vivian N. ; Macchi, Ricardo L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c440t-198cb1c239d30b710014e36fa0e58e2a72a0077833e85d76a3c02153d55229613</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Composite Resins - chemistry</topic><topic>Composite Resins - radiation effects</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Hardness</topic><topic>Light</topic><topic>Materials Testing</topic><topic>Polymers - chemistry</topic><topic>Regression Analysis</topic><topic>Silicon Dioxide - chemistry</topic><topic>Silicon Dioxide - radiation effects</topic><topic>Zirconium - chemistry</topic><topic>Zirconium - radiation effects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Abate, Pablo F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zahra, Vivian N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macchi, Ricardo L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Abate, Pablo F.</au><au>Zahra, Vivian N.</au><au>Macchi, Ricardo L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of photopolymerization variables on composite hardness</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry</jtitle><addtitle>J Prosthet Dent</addtitle><date>2001-12-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>86</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>632</spage><epage>635</epage><pages>632-635</pages><issn>0022-3913</issn><eissn>1097-6841</eissn><abstract>Statement of Problem. Variations in light-polymerizing parameters, such as light intensity and light-to-material distance, may affect the physical characteristics of polymerized resin. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relation between total light energy and the final hardness of 4 composites polymerized under varying conditions. Material and Methods. Four commercial composite restorative resins (Z100, Filtek A110, Tetric Ceram, and Tetric Flow) were used to prepare 4 disk-shaped specimens (6 × 2 mm) for each experimental condition. Photoactivation was carried out with a light device and energy of 22.6, 15.7, 9.0, or 6.7 J/cm2. Either the light-to-material distance (0, 5, 10, 15 mm) or activation time (40, 28, 16, 12 seconds) was varied. Immediately after polymerization, Barcol hardness was determined on the specimen surface that had been exposed to the light. Analysis of variance (P<.05) and regression analysis were used to examine the data. Results. No significance (P>.05) was found for the overall effect of the experimental variables (polymerization time and distance), but significant differences (P<.01) were found among materials and energy levels. Regression equations for each product and polymerization condition were calculated for hardness as a function of energy. No significant differences were found for slopes within each material. Hardness values were 3.0 to 3.5 for Tetric Ceram, Tetric Flow, and Filtek A110 and approximately 4.9 for Z100. Conclusion. The hardness of the products analyzed was related to the total energy used for activation. The effect was independent of the manner in which the amount of energy was modified (light-to-material distance or activation time). (J Prosthet Dent 2001;86:632-5.)</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Mosby, Inc</pub><pmid>11753316</pmid><doi>10.1067/mpr.2001.120843</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis of Variance Composite Resins - chemistry Composite Resins - radiation effects Dentistry Hardness Light Materials Testing Polymers - chemistry Regression Analysis Silicon Dioxide - chemistry Silicon Dioxide - radiation effects Zirconium - chemistry Zirconium - radiation effects |
| title | Effect of photopolymerization variables on composite hardness |
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