Walnut Polyphenolics Inhibit In Vitro Human Plasma and LDL Oxidation
Recent epidemiologic studies have associated nut consumption with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular mortality. However, little is known about the contribution of nut polyphenols to antioxidant and cardiovascular protection. In this investigation, polyphenol-rich extracts from English walnuts (Ju...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of nutrition 2001-11, Vol.131 (11), p.2837-2842 |
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| creator | Anderson, Koren J. Teuber, Suzanne S. Gobeille, Alayne Cremin, Peader Waterhouse, Andrew L. Steinberg, Francene M. |
| description | Recent epidemiologic studies have associated nut consumption with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular mortality. However, little is known about the contribution of nut polyphenols to antioxidant and cardiovascular protection. In this investigation, polyphenol-rich extracts from English walnuts (Juglans regia) were studied and compared with ellagic acid for their ability to inhibit in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation, as well as their effects on LDL α-tocopherol during oxidative stress. In addition, the Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC) was determined and liquid chromatography electrospray detection mass spectrometry (LC-ELSD/MS) analyses of the walnut extracts were performed. 2,2′-Azobis′(2-amidino propane) hydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LDL oxidation was significantly inhibited by 87 and 38% with the highest concentration (1.0 μmol/L) of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively. In addition, copper-mediated LDL oxidation was inhibited by 14 and 84% in the presence of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively, with a modest, significant LDL α-tocopherol sparing effect observed. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBARS) formation was significantly inhibited by walnut extracts and ellagic acid in a dose-dependent manner, and the extracts exhibited a TEAC value greater than that of α-tocopherol. LC-ELSD/MS analysis of the walnut extracts identified ellagic acid monomers, polymeric ellagitannins and other phenolics, principally nonflavonoid compounds. These results demonstrate that walnut polyphenolics are effective inhibitors of in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation. The polyphenolic content of walnuts should be considered when evaluating their antiatherogenic potential. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/jn/131.11.2837 |
| format | Article |
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However, little is known about the contribution of nut polyphenols to antioxidant and cardiovascular protection. In this investigation, polyphenol-rich extracts from English walnuts (Juglans regia) were studied and compared with ellagic acid for their ability to inhibit in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation, as well as their effects on LDL α-tocopherol during oxidative stress. In addition, the Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC) was determined and liquid chromatography electrospray detection mass spectrometry (LC-ELSD/MS) analyses of the walnut extracts were performed. 2,2′-Azobis′(2-amidino propane) hydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LDL oxidation was significantly inhibited by 87 and 38% with the highest concentration (1.0 μmol/L) of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively. In addition, copper-mediated LDL oxidation was inhibited by 14 and 84% in the presence of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively, with a modest, significant LDL α-tocopherol sparing effect observed. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBARS) formation was significantly inhibited by walnut extracts and ellagic acid in a dose-dependent manner, and the extracts exhibited a TEAC value greater than that of α-tocopherol. LC-ELSD/MS analysis of the walnut extracts identified ellagic acid monomers, polymeric ellagitannins and other phenolics, principally nonflavonoid compounds. These results demonstrate that walnut polyphenolics are effective inhibitors of in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation. The polyphenolic content of walnuts should be considered when evaluating their antiatherogenic potential.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3166</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1541-6100</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.11.2837</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11694605</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JONUAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; alpha-tocopherol ; alpha-Tocopherol - analysis ; antioxidant ; antioxidant activity ; Antioxidants ; Antioxidants - isolation & purification ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Biological and medical sciences ; cardioprotective effect ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; ellagic acid ; Ellagic Acid - pharmacology ; English walnuts ; epidemiological studies ; Epidemiology ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Flavonoids ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Juglans regia ; LDL ; Lipids ; Lipoproteins, LDL - blood ; liquid chromatography ; low density lipoprotein ; mass spectrometry ; mortality ; Nuts ; oxidation ; Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects ; oxidative stress ; Phenols - isolation & purification ; Phenols - pharmacology ; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Plasma ; Polymers - isolation & purification ; Polymers - pharmacology ; polyphenol ; Polyphenols ; propane ; thiobarbituric acid ; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems ; walnuts</subject><ispartof>The Journal of nutrition, 2001-11, Vol.131 (11), p.2837-2842</ispartof><rights>2001 American Society for Nutrition.</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Institute of Nutrition Nov 2001</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-ad772d28bc793d149506408818ad1c91927e424e2b4516b47dbcb8af82ef0c9d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-ad772d28bc793d149506408818ad1c91927e424e2b4516b47dbcb8af82ef0c9d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14152365$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11694605$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Koren J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teuber, Suzanne S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gobeille, Alayne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cremin, Peader</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waterhouse, Andrew L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steinberg, Francene M.</creatorcontrib><title>Walnut Polyphenolics Inhibit In Vitro Human Plasma and LDL Oxidation</title><title>The Journal of nutrition</title><addtitle>J Nutr</addtitle><description>Recent epidemiologic studies have associated nut consumption with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular mortality. However, little is known about the contribution of nut polyphenols to antioxidant and cardiovascular protection. In this investigation, polyphenol-rich extracts from English walnuts (Juglans regia) were studied and compared with ellagic acid for their ability to inhibit in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation, as well as their effects on LDL α-tocopherol during oxidative stress. In addition, the Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC) was determined and liquid chromatography electrospray detection mass spectrometry (LC-ELSD/MS) analyses of the walnut extracts were performed. 2,2′-Azobis′(2-amidino propane) hydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LDL oxidation was significantly inhibited by 87 and 38% with the highest concentration (1.0 μmol/L) of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively. In addition, copper-mediated LDL oxidation was inhibited by 14 and 84% in the presence of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively, with a modest, significant LDL α-tocopherol sparing effect observed. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBARS) formation was significantly inhibited by walnut extracts and ellagic acid in a dose-dependent manner, and the extracts exhibited a TEAC value greater than that of α-tocopherol. LC-ELSD/MS analysis of the walnut extracts identified ellagic acid monomers, polymeric ellagitannins and other phenolics, principally nonflavonoid compounds. These results demonstrate that walnut polyphenolics are effective inhibitors of in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation. The polyphenolic content of walnuts should be considered when evaluating their antiatherogenic potential.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>alpha-tocopherol</subject><subject>alpha-Tocopherol - analysis</subject><subject>antioxidant</subject><subject>antioxidant activity</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Antioxidants - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Antioxidants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>cardioprotective effect</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</subject><subject>ellagic acid</subject><subject>Ellagic Acid - pharmacology</subject><subject>English walnuts</subject><subject>epidemiological studies</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Juglans regia</subject><subject>LDL</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Lipoproteins, LDL - blood</subject><subject>liquid chromatography</subject><subject>low density lipoprotein</subject><subject>mass spectrometry</subject><subject>mortality</subject><subject>Nuts</subject><subject>oxidation</subject><subject>Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects</subject><subject>oxidative stress</subject><subject>Phenols - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Phenols - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Polymers - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Polymers - pharmacology</subject><subject>polyphenol</subject><subject>Polyphenols</subject><subject>propane</subject><subject>thiobarbituric acid</subject><subject>thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><subject>walnuts</subject><issn>0022-3166</issn><issn>1541-6100</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10cFrFDEUBvAgit1Wrx51EOpttnmZTJI5Squ2sNCCVo_hTZKxWWaSNZkR-9-bZRcKgqd3-b3Hx_cIeQN0DbRrLrbhAhpYA6yZauQzsoKWQy2A0udkRSljdQNCnJDTnLeUUuCdeklOAETHBW1X5OoHjmGZq7s4Pu4eXIijN7m6CQ--93OZ1Xc_p1hdLxOG6m7EPGGFwVabq011-8dbnH0Mr8iLAcfsXh_nGbn__Onb5XW9uf1yc_lxU5uWyblGKyWzTPVGdo0tUVoqOFUKFFowHXRMOs64Yz1vQfRc2t70CgfF3EBNZ5sz8uFwd5fir8XlWU8-GzeOGFxcspaMtZJKWuD7f-A2LimUbBo6ydtGABS0PiCTYs7JDXqX_ITpUQPV-3L1NuhSrgbQ-3LLwtvj1aWfnH3ixzYLOD8CzAbHIWEwPj85Di1rxN69O7gBo8afqZj7r6w8Z_8gBowXoQ7ClTp_e5d0Nt4F46xPzszaRv-_lH8BujmbRw</recordid><startdate>20011101</startdate><enddate>20011101</enddate><creator>Anderson, Koren J.</creator><creator>Teuber, Suzanne S.</creator><creator>Gobeille, Alayne</creator><creator>Cremin, Peader</creator><creator>Waterhouse, Andrew L.</creator><creator>Steinberg, Francene M.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>American Institute of Nutrition</general><general>American Society for Nutritional Sciences</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20011101</creationdate><title>Walnut Polyphenolics Inhibit In Vitro Human Plasma and LDL Oxidation</title><author>Anderson, Koren J. ; Teuber, Suzanne S. ; Gobeille, Alayne ; Cremin, Peader ; Waterhouse, Andrew L. ; Steinberg, Francene M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-ad772d28bc793d149506408818ad1c91927e424e2b4516b47dbcb8af82ef0c9d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>alpha-tocopherol</topic><topic>alpha-Tocopherol - analysis</topic><topic>antioxidant</topic><topic>antioxidant activity</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>cardioprotective effect</topic><topic>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</topic><topic>ellagic acid</topic><topic>Ellagic Acid - pharmacology</topic><topic>English walnuts</topic><topic>epidemiological studies</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Flavonoids</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Juglans regia</topic><topic>LDL</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Lipoproteins, LDL - blood</topic><topic>liquid chromatography</topic><topic>low density lipoprotein</topic><topic>mass spectrometry</topic><topic>mortality</topic><topic>Nuts</topic><topic>oxidation</topic><topic>Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects</topic><topic>oxidative stress</topic><topic>Phenols - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Phenols - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Polymers - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Polymers - pharmacology</topic><topic>polyphenol</topic><topic>Polyphenols</topic><topic>propane</topic><topic>thiobarbituric acid</topic><topic>thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><topic>walnuts</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Koren J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teuber, Suzanne S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gobeille, Alayne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cremin, Peader</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waterhouse, Andrew L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steinberg, Francene M.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Anderson, Koren J.</au><au>Teuber, Suzanne S.</au><au>Gobeille, Alayne</au><au>Cremin, Peader</au><au>Waterhouse, Andrew L.</au><au>Steinberg, Francene M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Walnut Polyphenolics Inhibit In Vitro Human Plasma and LDL Oxidation</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>J Nutr</addtitle><date>2001-11-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>131</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2837</spage><epage>2842</epage><pages>2837-2842</pages><issn>0022-3166</issn><eissn>1541-6100</eissn><coden>JONUAI</coden><abstract>Recent epidemiologic studies have associated nut consumption with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular mortality. However, little is known about the contribution of nut polyphenols to antioxidant and cardiovascular protection. In this investigation, polyphenol-rich extracts from English walnuts (Juglans regia) were studied and compared with ellagic acid for their ability to inhibit in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation, as well as their effects on LDL α-tocopherol during oxidative stress. In addition, the Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC) was determined and liquid chromatography electrospray detection mass spectrometry (LC-ELSD/MS) analyses of the walnut extracts were performed. 2,2′-Azobis′(2-amidino propane) hydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LDL oxidation was significantly inhibited by 87 and 38% with the highest concentration (1.0 μmol/L) of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively. In addition, copper-mediated LDL oxidation was inhibited by 14 and 84% in the presence of ellagic acid and walnut extract, respectively, with a modest, significant LDL α-tocopherol sparing effect observed. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBARS) formation was significantly inhibited by walnut extracts and ellagic acid in a dose-dependent manner, and the extracts exhibited a TEAC value greater than that of α-tocopherol. LC-ELSD/MS analysis of the walnut extracts identified ellagic acid monomers, polymeric ellagitannins and other phenolics, principally nonflavonoid compounds. These results demonstrate that walnut polyphenolics are effective inhibitors of in vitro plasma and LDL oxidation. The polyphenolic content of walnuts should be considered when evaluating their antiatherogenic potential.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>11694605</pmid><doi>10.1093/jn/131.11.2837</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult alpha-tocopherol alpha-Tocopherol - analysis antioxidant antioxidant activity Antioxidants Antioxidants - isolation & purification Antioxidants - pharmacology Biological and medical sciences cardioprotective effect Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ellagic acid Ellagic Acid - pharmacology English walnuts epidemiological studies Epidemiology Feeding. Feeding behavior Flavonoids Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Juglans regia LDL Lipids Lipoproteins, LDL - blood liquid chromatography low density lipoprotein mass spectrometry mortality Nuts oxidation Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects oxidative stress Phenols - isolation & purification Phenols - pharmacology Plant Extracts - isolation & purification Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plasma Polymers - isolation & purification Polymers - pharmacology polyphenol Polyphenols propane thiobarbituric acid thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems walnuts |
| title | Walnut Polyphenolics Inhibit In Vitro Human Plasma and LDL Oxidation |
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