Expression and sequence analysis of the mouse adenine nucleotide translocase 1 and 2 genes
Only two isoforms of the adenine nucleotide translocase (Ant) protein have been identified in mouse, as opposed to the three in humans. To determine whether the homologous mouse and human proteins share similar patterns of expression, Northern and Western analyses were performed on several mouse tis...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Gene 2000-08, Vol.254 (1), p.57-66 |
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description | Only two isoforms of the adenine nucleotide translocase (Ant) protein have been identified in mouse, as opposed to the three in humans. To determine whether the homologous mouse and human proteins share similar patterns of expression, Northern and Western analyses were performed on several mouse tissues. Mouse
Ant1 is expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle and heart, similar to human
ANT1. Mouse
Ant2 is strongly expressed in all tissues but muscle, in marked contrast to human
ANT2. To investigate the molecular basis of these differences, we cloned and sequenced the genomic loci of mouse
Ant1 and
Ant2, and compared them to the three human
ANT loci. The mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes showed substantial homology starting about 300 base pairs (bp) 5′ to the coding region and continuing through the 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Repeats constituted 32% of 15
kb of
Ant1 sequence and 36% of the 27
kb of
Ant2 sequence and included SINEs, LINEs and LTR elements. The core promoters of the mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes are very similar. However, the mouse
Ant1 gene lacks the upstream OXBOX and REBOX elements found in human
ANT1 genes, thought to be important for muscle-specific expression. The mouse
Ant2 gene, like human
ANT2, has an upstream GRBOX, yet this element is not associated with suppression of transcription, as hypothesized for human
ANT2. These discrepancies indicate that additional studies will be required to fully understand the transcriptional regulation of both
Ant1 and
Ant2. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00252-3 |
format | Article |
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Ant1 is expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle and heart, similar to human
ANT1. Mouse
Ant2 is strongly expressed in all tissues but muscle, in marked contrast to human
ANT2. To investigate the molecular basis of these differences, we cloned and sequenced the genomic loci of mouse
Ant1 and
Ant2, and compared them to the three human
ANT loci. The mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes showed substantial homology starting about 300 base pairs (bp) 5′ to the coding region and continuing through the 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Repeats constituted 32% of 15
kb of
Ant1 sequence and 36% of the 27
kb of
Ant2 sequence and included SINEs, LINEs and LTR elements. The core promoters of the mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes are very similar. However, the mouse
Ant1 gene lacks the upstream OXBOX and REBOX elements found in human
ANT1 genes, thought to be important for muscle-specific expression. The mouse
Ant2 gene, like human
ANT2, has an upstream GRBOX, yet this element is not associated with suppression of transcription, as hypothesized for human
ANT2. These discrepancies indicate that additional studies will be required to fully understand the transcriptional regulation of both
Ant1 and
Ant2.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-1119</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-0038</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00252-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10974536</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>adenine nucleotide translocase ; Animals ; Ant1 ; Ant1 gene ; Ant2 ; Ant2 gene ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Blotting, Western ; DNA - chemistry ; DNA - genetics ; Expression ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Genes - genetics ; Isoenzymes - genetics ; Isoenzymes - metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mitochondria ; Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - genetics ; Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidative phosphorylation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; RNA, Messenger - genetics ; RNA, Messenger - metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Tissue Distribution</subject><ispartof>Gene, 2000-08, Vol.254 (1), p.57-66</ispartof><rights>2000 Elsevier Science B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c510t-4f5d0f18fd9758fbe4cb325dabb8fa4c29db667a64e0122b8efe0713b7d8e58c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c510t-4f5d0f18fd9758fbe4cb325dabb8fa4c29db667a64e0122b8efe0713b7d8e58c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00252-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27923,27924,45994</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10974536$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Levy, Shawn E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yu-Sheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, Brett H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallace, Douglas C</creatorcontrib><title>Expression and sequence analysis of the mouse adenine nucleotide translocase 1 and 2 genes</title><title>Gene</title><addtitle>Gene</addtitle><description>Only two isoforms of the adenine nucleotide translocase (Ant) protein have been identified in mouse, as opposed to the three in humans. To determine whether the homologous mouse and human proteins share similar patterns of expression, Northern and Western analyses were performed on several mouse tissues. Mouse
Ant1 is expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle and heart, similar to human
ANT1. Mouse
Ant2 is strongly expressed in all tissues but muscle, in marked contrast to human
ANT2. To investigate the molecular basis of these differences, we cloned and sequenced the genomic loci of mouse
Ant1 and
Ant2, and compared them to the three human
ANT loci. The mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes showed substantial homology starting about 300 base pairs (bp) 5′ to the coding region and continuing through the 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Repeats constituted 32% of 15
kb of
Ant1 sequence and 36% of the 27
kb of
Ant2 sequence and included SINEs, LINEs and LTR elements. The core promoters of the mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes are very similar. However, the mouse
Ant1 gene lacks the upstream OXBOX and REBOX elements found in human
ANT1 genes, thought to be important for muscle-specific expression. The mouse
Ant2 gene, like human
ANT2, has an upstream GRBOX, yet this element is not associated with suppression of transcription, as hypothesized for human
ANT2. These discrepancies indicate that additional studies will be required to fully understand the transcriptional regulation of both
Ant1 and
Ant2.</description><subject>adenine nucleotide translocase</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ant1</subject><subject>Ant1 gene</subject><subject>Ant2</subject><subject>Ant2 gene</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Blotting, Northern</subject><subject>Blotting, Western</subject><subject>DNA - chemistry</subject><subject>DNA - genetics</subject><subject>Expression</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gene Expression</subject><subject>Genes - genetics</subject><subject>Isoenzymes - genetics</subject><subject>Isoenzymes - metabolism</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred Strains</subject><subject>Mitochondria</subject><subject>Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - genetics</subject><subject>Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - metabolism</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Oxidative phosphorylation</subject><subject>Promoter Regions, Genetic</subject><subject>Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - genetics</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</subject><subject>Sequence Alignment</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid</subject><subject>Tissue Distribution</subject><issn>0378-1119</issn><issn>1879-0038</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkEtP3DAQgK0KVBban9AqJ9QeAuNX7JwQQpQiIXGgvfRiOfYYXGWdxc4i-Pf17qKKG76MPPPNQx8hXyicUKDd6R1wpVtKaf8N4DsAk6zlH8iCatW3AFzvkcV_5IAclvIX6pOSfSQHFHolJO8W5M_l8ypjKXFKjU2-Kfi4xuSwfuz4UmJpptDMD9gsp3WpWY8pJmzS2o04zdFjM2ebyjg5W8t0O4M195iwfCL7wY4FP7_GI_L7x-Wvi5_tze3V9cX5TeskhbkVQXoIVAffK6nDgMINnElvh0EHKxzr_dB1ynYCgTI2aAwIivJBeY1SO35EjndzV3mqx5fZLGNxOI42YT3aKMYEZ51-F6Sqo0J0ooJyB7o8lZIxmFWOS5tfDAWzsW-29s1GrQEwW_uG176vrwvWwxL9m66d7gqc7QCsPp4iZlNc3Oj2MaObjZ_iOyv-AZiKlMo</recordid><startdate>20000822</startdate><enddate>20000822</enddate><creator>Levy, Shawn E</creator><creator>Chen, Yu-Sheng</creator><creator>Graham, Brett H</creator><creator>Wallace, Douglas C</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20000822</creationdate><title>Expression and sequence analysis of the mouse adenine nucleotide translocase 1 and 2 genes</title><author>Levy, Shawn E ; Chen, Yu-Sheng ; Graham, Brett H ; Wallace, Douglas C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c510t-4f5d0f18fd9758fbe4cb325dabb8fa4c29db667a64e0122b8efe0713b7d8e58c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>adenine nucleotide translocase</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Ant1</topic><topic>Ant1 gene</topic><topic>Ant2</topic><topic>Ant2 gene</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Blotting, Northern</topic><topic>Blotting, Western</topic><topic>DNA - chemistry</topic><topic>DNA - genetics</topic><topic>Expression</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene Expression</topic><topic>Genes - genetics</topic><topic>Isoenzymes - genetics</topic><topic>Isoenzymes - metabolism</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Inbred Strains</topic><topic>Mitochondria</topic><topic>Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - genetics</topic><topic>Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - metabolism</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Oxidative phosphorylation</topic><topic>Promoter Regions, Genetic</topic><topic>Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - genetics</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</topic><topic>Sequence Alignment</topic><topic>Sequence Analysis, DNA</topic><topic>Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid</topic><topic>Tissue Distribution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Levy, Shawn E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yu-Sheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, Brett H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallace, Douglas C</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Gene</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Levy, Shawn E</au><au>Chen, Yu-Sheng</au><au>Graham, Brett H</au><au>Wallace, Douglas C</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Expression and sequence analysis of the mouse adenine nucleotide translocase 1 and 2 genes</atitle><jtitle>Gene</jtitle><addtitle>Gene</addtitle><date>2000-08-22</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>254</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>57</spage><epage>66</epage><pages>57-66</pages><issn>0378-1119</issn><eissn>1879-0038</eissn><abstract>Only two isoforms of the adenine nucleotide translocase (Ant) protein have been identified in mouse, as opposed to the three in humans. To determine whether the homologous mouse and human proteins share similar patterns of expression, Northern and Western analyses were performed on several mouse tissues. Mouse
Ant1 is expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle and heart, similar to human
ANT1. Mouse
Ant2 is strongly expressed in all tissues but muscle, in marked contrast to human
ANT2. To investigate the molecular basis of these differences, we cloned and sequenced the genomic loci of mouse
Ant1 and
Ant2, and compared them to the three human
ANT loci. The mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes showed substantial homology starting about 300 base pairs (bp) 5′ to the coding region and continuing through the 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Repeats constituted 32% of 15
kb of
Ant1 sequence and 36% of the 27
kb of
Ant2 sequence and included SINEs, LINEs and LTR elements. The core promoters of the mouse and human
ANT1 and
ANT2 genes are very similar. However, the mouse
Ant1 gene lacks the upstream OXBOX and REBOX elements found in human
ANT1 genes, thought to be important for muscle-specific expression. The mouse
Ant2 gene, like human
ANT2, has an upstream GRBOX, yet this element is not associated with suppression of transcription, as hypothesized for human
ANT2. These discrepancies indicate that additional studies will be required to fully understand the transcriptional regulation of both
Ant1 and
Ant2.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>10974536</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00252-3</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | adenine nucleotide translocase Animals Ant1 Ant1 gene Ant2 Ant2 gene Base Sequence Blotting, Northern Blotting, Western DNA - chemistry DNA - genetics Expression Female Gene Expression Genes - genetics Isoenzymes - genetics Isoenzymes - metabolism Male Mice Mice, Inbred Strains Mitochondria Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - genetics Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases - metabolism Molecular Sequence Data Oxidative phosphorylation Promoter Regions, Genetic Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid RNA, Messenger - genetics RNA, Messenger - metabolism Sequence Alignment Sequence Analysis, DNA Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid Tissue Distribution |
title | Expression and sequence analysis of the mouse adenine nucleotide translocase 1 and 2 genes |
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