Precision grip deficits in cerebellar disorders in man

Objective: To investigate the effect of a variety of cerebellar pathologies on a functional motor task (lifting an object in a precision grip). Methods: The study involved 8 patients with unilateral damage in the region of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), 6 with damage in the region...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical neurophysiology 2001-10, Vol.112 (10), p.1793-1802
Hauptverfasser: Fellows, S.J, Ernst, J, Schwarz, M, Töpper, R, Noth, J
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container_end_page 1802
container_issue 10
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container_title Clinical neurophysiology
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creator Fellows, S.J
Ernst, J
Schwarz, M
Töpper, R
Noth, J
description Objective: To investigate the effect of a variety of cerebellar pathologies on a functional motor task (lifting an object in a precision grip). Methods: The study involved 8 patients with unilateral damage in the region of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), 6 with damage in the region of the superior cerebellar artery (SUPCA), 12 patients with familiar or idiopathic cortical cerebellar degeneration, and 45 age-matched normal subjects. Subjects lifted an object of unpredictable load (internally guided task) or responded to a sudden load increase while holding the object steadily (externally guided task). Results: Damage to the dentate nucleus (SUPCA) or its afferent input (cerebellar atrophy) resulted in disruption of the close coordination normally seen between proximal muscles (lifting the object) and the fingers (gripping the object) during a self-paced lift. Both the SUPCA group and, more markedly, the atrophy group, showed exaggerated levels of grip force. All patients showed a normal rate of grip force development. Damage in the PICA region had no significant effect on any of the measured lifting parameters. All patient groups retained the ability to scale grip force to different object loads. The automatic grip force response to unexpected load increase of a hand held object showed normal latency and time course in all patient groups. The response was modulated by the rate of the load change. Response magnitude was exaggerated in the atrophy patients at all 3 rates tested. Conclusions: Disturbances associated with cerebellar disorders differed from those seen following damage to the basal ganglia, with no evidence of slowed rates of grip force development. Disruption of temporal coordination between the proximal muscles (lifting) and the fingers (gripping) in a lift was apparent, supporting the role of the cerebellum in coordinating the timing of multi-joint movement sequences. Exaggeration of grip force levels was found in association with damage to the dentate nucleus or, in particular, to its afferent input. This could support a role or the cerebellum in sensorimotor processing, but might also represent a failure to time correctly the duration of grip force generation.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S1388-2457(01)00623-X
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Methods: The study involved 8 patients with unilateral damage in the region of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), 6 with damage in the region of the superior cerebellar artery (SUPCA), 12 patients with familiar or idiopathic cortical cerebellar degeneration, and 45 age-matched normal subjects. Subjects lifted an object of unpredictable load (internally guided task) or responded to a sudden load increase while holding the object steadily (externally guided task). Results: Damage to the dentate nucleus (SUPCA) or its afferent input (cerebellar atrophy) resulted in disruption of the close coordination normally seen between proximal muscles (lifting the object) and the fingers (gripping the object) during a self-paced lift. Both the SUPCA group and, more markedly, the atrophy group, showed exaggerated levels of grip force. All patients showed a normal rate of grip force development. Damage in the PICA region had no significant effect on any of the measured lifting parameters. All patient groups retained the ability to scale grip force to different object loads. The automatic grip force response to unexpected load increase of a hand held object showed normal latency and time course in all patient groups. The response was modulated by the rate of the load change. Response magnitude was exaggerated in the atrophy patients at all 3 rates tested. Conclusions: Disturbances associated with cerebellar disorders differed from those seen following damage to the basal ganglia, with no evidence of slowed rates of grip force development. Disruption of temporal coordination between the proximal muscles (lifting) and the fingers (gripping) in a lift was apparent, supporting the role of the cerebellum in coordinating the timing of multi-joint movement sequences. 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Damage in the PICA region had no significant effect on any of the measured lifting parameters. All patient groups retained the ability to scale grip force to different object loads. The automatic grip force response to unexpected load increase of a hand held object showed normal latency and time course in all patient groups. The response was modulated by the rate of the load change. Response magnitude was exaggerated in the atrophy patients at all 3 rates tested. Conclusions: Disturbances associated with cerebellar disorders differed from those seen following damage to the basal ganglia, with no evidence of slowed rates of grip force development. Disruption of temporal coordination between the proximal muscles (lifting) and the fingers (gripping) in a lift was apparent, supporting the role of the cerebellum in coordinating the timing of multi-joint movement sequences. 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Brain stem syndromes</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Functional Laterality</subject><subject>Hand Strength - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Magnetics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology</subject><subject>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Precision grip</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Sensorimotor</subject><subject>Spinocerebellar Degenerations - physiopathology</subject><issn>1388-2457</issn><issn>1872-8952</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkEtLAzEQgIMoVqs_QdmLoofVSTbJbk4ixRcUFFToLWSTWYm0uzXZCv5704f06GmG4ZvXR8gJhSsKVF6_0qKqcsZFeQH0EkCyIp_skANalSyvlGC7Kf9DBuQwxk8AKIGzfTKgVChBC3lA5EtA66Pv2uwj-HnmsPHW9zHzbWYxYI3TqQmZ87ELDsOqPjPtEdlrzDTi8SYOyfv93dvoMR8_PzyNbse55bzo80IoDqYBLqTiSigllUuBUtMYJ1A1srFFpaSzWDAECcjAOGtUzWqHsi6G5Hw9dx66rwXGXs98tMubWuwWUZeMKih5lUCxBm3oYgzY6HnwMxN-NAW9FKZXwvTShgaqV8L0JPWdbhYs6hm6bdfGUALONoCJ1kybYNrka8txSC-KMnE3aw6Tjm-PQUfrsbXofDLca9f5f075BcXnhwQ</recordid><startdate>20011001</startdate><enddate>20011001</enddate><creator>Fellows, S.J</creator><creator>Ernst, J</creator><creator>Schwarz, M</creator><creator>Töpper, R</creator><creator>Noth, J</creator><general>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20011001</creationdate><title>Precision grip deficits in cerebellar disorders in man</title><author>Fellows, S.J ; Ernst, J ; Schwarz, M ; Töpper, R ; Noth, J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-35940af045694959969d95911afad5e9f6fc3896dce32e060e20adca9b2bde6b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Action Potentials - physiology</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Arteries - physiopathology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cerebellar Diseases - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cerebellum</topic><topic>Cerebellum - blood supply</topic><topic>Cerebral Hemorrhage - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cerebral Infarction - physiopathology</topic><topic>Disorders of higher nervous function. Focal brain diseases. Central vestibular syndrome and deafness. Brain stem syndromes</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Functional Laterality</topic><topic>Hand Strength - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Magnetics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology</topic><topic>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Precision grip</topic><topic>Radiation</topic><topic>Sensorimotor</topic><topic>Spinocerebellar Degenerations - physiopathology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fellows, S.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ernst, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwarz, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Töpper, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noth, J</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical neurophysiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fellows, S.J</au><au>Ernst, J</au><au>Schwarz, M</au><au>Töpper, R</au><au>Noth, J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Precision grip deficits in cerebellar disorders in man</atitle><jtitle>Clinical neurophysiology</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Neurophysiol</addtitle><date>2001-10-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1793</spage><epage>1802</epage><pages>1793-1802</pages><issn>1388-2457</issn><eissn>1872-8952</eissn><abstract>Objective: To investigate the effect of a variety of cerebellar pathologies on a functional motor task (lifting an object in a precision grip). Methods: The study involved 8 patients with unilateral damage in the region of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), 6 with damage in the region of the superior cerebellar artery (SUPCA), 12 patients with familiar or idiopathic cortical cerebellar degeneration, and 45 age-matched normal subjects. Subjects lifted an object of unpredictable load (internally guided task) or responded to a sudden load increase while holding the object steadily (externally guided task). Results: Damage to the dentate nucleus (SUPCA) or its afferent input (cerebellar atrophy) resulted in disruption of the close coordination normally seen between proximal muscles (lifting the object) and the fingers (gripping the object) during a self-paced lift. Both the SUPCA group and, more markedly, the atrophy group, showed exaggerated levels of grip force. All patients showed a normal rate of grip force development. Damage in the PICA region had no significant effect on any of the measured lifting parameters. All patient groups retained the ability to scale grip force to different object loads. The automatic grip force response to unexpected load increase of a hand held object showed normal latency and time course in all patient groups. The response was modulated by the rate of the load change. Response magnitude was exaggerated in the atrophy patients at all 3 rates tested. Conclusions: Disturbances associated with cerebellar disorders differed from those seen following damage to the basal ganglia, with no evidence of slowed rates of grip force development. Disruption of temporal coordination between the proximal muscles (lifting) and the fingers (gripping) in a lift was apparent, supporting the role of the cerebellum in coordinating the timing of multi-joint movement sequences. Exaggeration of grip force levels was found in association with damage to the dentate nucleus or, in particular, to its afferent input. This could support a role or the cerebellum in sensorimotor processing, but might also represent a failure to time correctly the duration of grip force generation.</abstract><cop>Shannon</cop><pub>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</pub><pmid>11595136</pmid><doi>10.1016/S1388-2457(01)00623-X</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Action Potentials - physiology
Adult
Aged
Arteries - physiopathology
Biological and medical sciences
Cerebellar Diseases - physiopathology
Cerebellum
Cerebellum - blood supply
Cerebral Hemorrhage - physiopathology
Cerebral Infarction - physiopathology
Disorders of higher nervous function. Focal brain diseases. Central vestibular syndrome and deafness. Brain stem syndromes
Female
Functional Laterality
Hand Strength - physiology
Humans
Magnetics
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology
Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)
Neurology
Precision grip
Radiation
Sensorimotor
Spinocerebellar Degenerations - physiopathology
title Precision grip deficits in cerebellar disorders in man
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