Depression as a risk factor for cardiac mortality and morbidity: A review of potential mechanisms
Depression increases the risk of cardiac mortality and morbidity in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the mechanisms that underlie this association remain unclear. This review considers the evidence for several behavioral and physiological mechanisms that might explain how depression i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of psychosomatic research 2002-10, Vol.53 (4), p.897-902 |
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| container_title | Journal of psychosomatic research |
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| creator | Carney, Robert M Freedland, Kenneth E Miller, Gregory E Jaffe, Allan S |
| description | Depression increases the risk of cardiac mortality and morbidity in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the mechanisms that underlie this association remain unclear. This review considers the evidence for several behavioral and physiological mechanisms that might explain how depression increases the risk for incident coronary disease and for subsequent cardiac morbidity and mortality. The candidate mechanisms include: (1) antidepressant cardiotoxicity; (2) association of depression with cardiac risk factors such as cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and reduced functional capacity; (3) association of depression with greater coronary disease severity; (4) nonadherence to cardiac prevention and treatment regimens; (5) lower heart rate variability (HRV) reflecting altered cardiac autonomic tone; (6) increased platelet aggregation; and (7) inflammatory processes. Despite recent advances in our understanding of these potential mechanisms, further research is needed to determine how depression increases risk for cardiac morbidity and mortality. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00311-2 |
| format | Article |
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This review considers the evidence for several behavioral and physiological mechanisms that might explain how depression increases the risk for incident coronary disease and for subsequent cardiac morbidity and mortality. The candidate mechanisms include: (1) antidepressant cardiotoxicity; (2) association of depression with cardiac risk factors such as cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and reduced functional capacity; (3) association of depression with greater coronary disease severity; (4) nonadherence to cardiac prevention and treatment regimens; (5) lower heart rate variability (HRV) reflecting altered cardiac autonomic tone; (6) increased platelet aggregation; and (7) inflammatory processes. 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This review considers the evidence for several behavioral and physiological mechanisms that might explain how depression increases the risk for incident coronary disease and for subsequent cardiac morbidity and mortality. The candidate mechanisms include: (1) antidepressant cardiotoxicity; (2) association of depression with cardiac risk factors such as cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and reduced functional capacity; (3) association of depression with greater coronary disease severity; (4) nonadherence to cardiac prevention and treatment regimens; (5) lower heart rate variability (HRV) reflecting altered cardiac autonomic tone; (6) increased platelet aggregation; and (7) inflammatory processes. Despite recent advances in our understanding of these potential mechanisms, further research is needed to determine how depression increases risk for cardiac morbidity and mortality.</description><subject>Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Chronic Disease</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - epidemiology</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - mortality</subject><subject>Coronary diseases</subject><subject>Coronary heart disease</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - drug therapy</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - epidemiology</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Mechanisms</subject><subject>Morbidity-Mortality</subject><subject>Patient Compliance</subject><subject>Platelet Aggregation</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><issn>0022-3999</issn><issn>1879-1360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctKBDEQRYMoOj4-QclKdNFaSbqTiRsR3zDgQl2Hmjww2o8x6VHm7-3R0a2LorhwKKh7CNlncMKAydNHAM4LobU-An4MIBgr-BoZsbHSBRMS1snoD9ki2zm_AoDUvNokW4wLpQTAiOCVnyWfc-xaipkiTTG_0YC27xINw1hMLqKlTZd6rGO_oNi6ZZpGN6QzekGT_4j-k3aBzrret33EmjbevmAbc5N3yUbAOvu91d4hzzfXT5d3xeTh9v7yYlJYUcq-YCH4gEEr4EEG56RiFfJxWUplEUsQVXBTy12lNQ_C6iCFEyEwWZVjyZCJHXL4c3eWuve5z71pYra-rrH13TwbxZmScijqP7BSpRCCjQfwYAXOp413ZpZig2lhftsbgPMfwA9_DR0kk230rfUuJm9747poGJilL_PtyyxlGODm25fh4gv6Q4cD</recordid><startdate>20021001</startdate><enddate>20021001</enddate><creator>Carney, Robert M</creator><creator>Freedland, Kenneth E</creator><creator>Miller, Gregory E</creator><creator>Jaffe, Allan S</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20021001</creationdate><title>Depression as a risk factor for cardiac mortality and morbidity: A review of potential mechanisms</title><author>Carney, Robert M ; Freedland, Kenneth E ; Miller, Gregory E ; Jaffe, Allan S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c346t-1ffefaf9702f6fdd6715a284467caa4035fdbc2d5992f3c9f63d3ff1654861a13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Chronic Disease</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Coronary Disease - epidemiology</topic><topic>Coronary Disease - mortality</topic><topic>Coronary diseases</topic><topic>Coronary heart disease</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - drug therapy</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - epidemiology</topic><topic>Heart Rate</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Mechanisms</topic><topic>Morbidity-Mortality</topic><topic>Patient Compliance</topic><topic>Platelet Aggregation</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Carney, Robert M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freedland, Kenneth E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Gregory E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaffe, Allan S</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of psychosomatic research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Carney, Robert M</au><au>Freedland, Kenneth E</au><au>Miller, Gregory E</au><au>Jaffe, Allan S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Depression as a risk factor for cardiac mortality and morbidity: A review of potential mechanisms</atitle><jtitle>Journal of psychosomatic research</jtitle><addtitle>J Psychosom Res</addtitle><date>2002-10-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>897</spage><epage>902</epage><pages>897-902</pages><issn>0022-3999</issn><eissn>1879-1360</eissn><coden>JPCRAT</coden><abstract>Depression increases the risk of cardiac mortality and morbidity in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the mechanisms that underlie this association remain unclear. This review considers the evidence for several behavioral and physiological mechanisms that might explain how depression increases the risk for incident coronary disease and for subsequent cardiac morbidity and mortality. The candidate mechanisms include: (1) antidepressant cardiotoxicity; (2) association of depression with cardiac risk factors such as cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and reduced functional capacity; (3) association of depression with greater coronary disease severity; (4) nonadherence to cardiac prevention and treatment regimens; (5) lower heart rate variability (HRV) reflecting altered cardiac autonomic tone; (6) increased platelet aggregation; and (7) inflammatory processes. Despite recent advances in our understanding of these potential mechanisms, further research is needed to determine how depression increases risk for cardiac morbidity and mortality.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>12377300</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00311-2</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of psychosomatic research, 2002-10, Vol.53 (4), p.897-902 |
| issn | 0022-3999 1879-1360 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic - therapeutic use Chronic Disease Comorbidity Coronary Disease - epidemiology Coronary Disease - mortality Coronary diseases Coronary heart disease Depression Depressive Disorder - drug therapy Depressive Disorder - epidemiology Heart Rate Humans Mechanisms Morbidity-Mortality Patient Compliance Platelet Aggregation Prognosis Risk Factors |
| title | Depression as a risk factor for cardiac mortality and morbidity: A review of potential mechanisms |
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