Host immune responses are necessary for density dependence in nematode infections
Nematode infections are subject to density-dependent effects on their establishment, survivorship and fecundity within a host. These effects act to regulate and stabilize the size of nematode populations. Understanding how these density-dependent effects occur is important to guide the development o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Parasitology 2002-09, Vol.125 (3), p.283-292 |
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| creator | PATERSON, S. VINEY, M. E. |
| description | Nematode infections are subject to density-dependent effects on their establishment, survivorship and fecundity within a host. These effects act to regulate and stabilize the size of nematode populations. Understanding how these density-dependent effects occur is important to guide the development of control strategies against parasitic nematodes and the diseases that they cause. These density-dependent effects have been hypothesized to result from intraspecific competition between parasites for limited resources or from the action of host immune responses. However, no specific evidence exists to distinguish between these two hypotheses. We find that in nematode (Strongyloides ratti) infections, density-dependent effects on parasite establishment, survivorship and fecundity are mediated by the host immune response. These density-dependent effects are only observed late in primary infections and no density-dependent effects are observed in infections in immuno-compromised animals. We find no evidence for intraspecific competition between parasites in experimental infections over a range of doses that encompasses all that is observed in natural infections. We conclude that density-dependent effects due to the immune response will act to regulate S. ratti infections before competition for space or nutrients within the host gut ever occurs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0031182002002056 |
| format | Article |
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E.</creator><creatorcontrib>PATERSON, S. ; VINEY, M. E.</creatorcontrib><description>Nematode infections are subject to density-dependent effects on their establishment, survivorship and fecundity within a host. These effects act to regulate and stabilize the size of nematode populations. Understanding how these density-dependent effects occur is important to guide the development of control strategies against parasitic nematodes and the diseases that they cause. These density-dependent effects have been hypothesized to result from intraspecific competition between parasites for limited resources or from the action of host immune responses. However, no specific evidence exists to distinguish between these two hypotheses. We find that in nematode (Strongyloides ratti) infections, density-dependent effects on parasite establishment, survivorship and fecundity are mediated by the host immune response. These density-dependent effects are only observed late in primary infections and no density-dependent effects are observed in infections in immuno-compromised animals. We find no evidence for intraspecific competition between parasites in experimental infections over a range of doses that encompasses all that is observed in natural infections. We conclude that density-dependent effects due to the immune response will act to regulate S. ratti infections before competition for space or nutrients within the host gut ever occurs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-1820</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-8161</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0031182002002056</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12358425</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PARAAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Competition ; Demecology ; Density ; Density dependence ; ecology ; epidemiology ; Fecundity ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Immune response ; Logistic Models ; Nematodes ; Parasites ; Population Density ; population dynamics ; Protozoa. Invertebrata ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; regulation ; Reproduction ; Strongyloides ratti - immunology ; Strongyloides ratti - physiology ; Strongyloidiasis - immunology ; Strongyloidiasis - parasitology</subject><ispartof>Parasitology, 2002-09, Vol.125 (3), p.283-292</ispartof><rights>2002 Cambridge University Press</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-db21fac148e50c8cb5b66f82d15d7390df718f4e5ab1c2312baae880547a0a9c3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0031182002002056/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>164,314,780,784,27915,27916,55619</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13893840$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12358425$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>PATERSON, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VINEY, M. E.</creatorcontrib><title>Host immune responses are necessary for density dependence in nematode infections</title><title>Parasitology</title><addtitle>Parasitology</addtitle><description>Nematode infections are subject to density-dependent effects on their establishment, survivorship and fecundity within a host. These effects act to regulate and stabilize the size of nematode populations. Understanding how these density-dependent effects occur is important to guide the development of control strategies against parasitic nematodes and the diseases that they cause. These density-dependent effects have been hypothesized to result from intraspecific competition between parasites for limited resources or from the action of host immune responses. However, no specific evidence exists to distinguish between these two hypotheses. We find that in nematode (Strongyloides ratti) infections, density-dependent effects on parasite establishment, survivorship and fecundity are mediated by the host immune response. These density-dependent effects are only observed late in primary infections and no density-dependent effects are observed in infections in immuno-compromised animals. We find no evidence for intraspecific competition between parasites in experimental infections over a range of doses that encompasses all that is observed in natural infections. We conclude that density-dependent effects due to the immune response will act to regulate S. ratti infections before competition for space or nutrients within the host gut ever occurs.</description><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Competition</subject><subject>Demecology</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Density dependence</subject><subject>ecology</subject><subject>epidemiology</subject><subject>Fecundity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Host-Parasite Interactions</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Nematodes</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Population Density</subject><subject>population dynamics</subject><subject>Protozoa. Invertebrata</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>regulation</subject><subject>Reproduction</subject><subject>Strongyloides ratti - immunology</subject><subject>Strongyloides ratti - physiology</subject><subject>Strongyloidiasis - immunology</subject><subject>Strongyloidiasis - parasitology</subject><issn>0031-1820</issn><issn>1469-8161</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kNGL1DAQxoMo3rr6B_giRdC3aiZJ0-yjHOetx4Ecp-JbSNOJ5Nyma6YF77836xYXFCEwGb7fN3wzjD0H_gY4tG9vOZcARnD--zX6AVuB0pvagIaHbHWQ64N-xp4Q3XHOtdTiMTsDIRujRLNiN9uRpioOw5ywykj7MRFS5TJWCT0SuXxfhTFXPSaK032pe0yl8VjFVJjBTWN_-Af0Uyzup-xRcDvCZ0tds8_vLz6db-vrj5cfzt9d115JPdV9JyA4D8pgw73xXdNpHYzooelbueF9aMEEhY3rwAsJonMOjeGNah13Gy_X7PVx7j6PP2akyQ6RPO52LuE4k20FKC65KODLv8C7cc6pZLMF0UIpkAWCI-TzSJQx2H2OQ1neAreHY9t_jl08L5bBczdgf3Is1y3AqwVw5N0uZJd8pBMnzUaaEnLN6iMXacKff3SXv1vdyrax-vLG3n75avT2CuxV4eUS1g1djv03PK30_7i_AHgMpJk</recordid><startdate>20020901</startdate><enddate>20020901</enddate><creator>PATERSON, S.</creator><creator>VINEY, M. 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E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-db21fac148e50c8cb5b66f82d15d7390df718f4e5ab1c2312baae880547a0a9c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Competition</topic><topic>Demecology</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Density dependence</topic><topic>ecology</topic><topic>epidemiology</topic><topic>Fecundity</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Host-Parasite Interactions</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Nematodes</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Population Density</topic><topic>population dynamics</topic><topic>Protozoa. Invertebrata</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>regulation</topic><topic>Reproduction</topic><topic>Strongyloides ratti - immunology</topic><topic>Strongyloides ratti - physiology</topic><topic>Strongyloidiasis - immunology</topic><topic>Strongyloidiasis - parasitology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>PATERSON, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VINEY, M. 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E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Host immune responses are necessary for density dependence in nematode infections</atitle><jtitle>Parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>Parasitology</addtitle><date>2002-09-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>125</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>283</spage><epage>292</epage><pages>283-292</pages><issn>0031-1820</issn><eissn>1469-8161</eissn><coden>PARAAE</coden><abstract>Nematode infections are subject to density-dependent effects on their establishment, survivorship and fecundity within a host. These effects act to regulate and stabilize the size of nematode populations. Understanding how these density-dependent effects occur is important to guide the development of control strategies against parasitic nematodes and the diseases that they cause. 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We conclude that density-dependent effects due to the immune response will act to regulate S. ratti infections before competition for space or nutrients within the host gut ever occurs.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>12358425</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0031182002002056</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Biological and medical sciences Competition Demecology Density Density dependence ecology epidemiology Fecundity Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Host-Parasite Interactions Immune response Logistic Models Nematodes Parasites Population Density population dynamics Protozoa. Invertebrata Rats Rats, Wistar regulation Reproduction Strongyloides ratti - immunology Strongyloides ratti - physiology Strongyloidiasis - immunology Strongyloidiasis - parasitology |
| title | Host immune responses are necessary for density dependence in nematode infections |
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