Elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and CNS autoantibodies in patients with chronic spinal cord injury
This study characterized the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), the antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, autoantibodies specific for GM1 ganglioside (anti-GM1), IgG and IgM, and myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG), in the sera of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of neurotrauma 2002-06, Vol.19 (6), p.753-761 |
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| container_title | Journal of neurotrauma |
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| creator | HAYES, K. C HULL, T. C. L DELANEY, G. A POTTER, P. J SEQUEIRA, K. A. J CAMPBELL, K POPOVICH, P. G |
| description | This study characterized the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), the antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, autoantibodies specific for GM1 ganglioside (anti-GM1), IgG and IgM, and myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG), in the sera of infection-free, chronic (>12 months), traumatically injured SCI patients (n = 24). Healthy able-bodied subjects (n = 26) served as controls. The proinflammatory cytokines and anti-GM1 antibodies were of particular interest as they have been implicated in an autoimmune "channelopathy" component to central and peripheral conduction deficits in various chronic neuroinflammatory diseases. Antibody and cytokine titers were established using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The mean anti-GM(1) (IgM) titer value for the SCI group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than controls. The SCI group also demonstrated significantly higher titers (p < 0.05) of IL-2 and TNF alpha than controls. No differences were found between the SCI group and control group mean levels of IL-4 or IL-10. Overall, the serum of 57% of SCI patients contained increased levels of autoantibodies or proinflammatory cytokines relative to control values. These results provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that chronic immunological activation in the periphery occurs in a subpopulation of chronic SCI patients. It remains to be established whether elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies against GM1 are beneficial to the patients or whether they are surrogate markers of a channelopathy that compounds the neurological impairment associated with traumatic axonopathy or myelinopathy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1089/08977150260139129 |
| format | Article |
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C ; HULL, T. C. L ; DELANEY, G. A ; POTTER, P. J ; SEQUEIRA, K. A. J ; CAMPBELL, K ; POPOVICH, P. G</creator><creatorcontrib>HAYES, K. C ; HULL, T. C. L ; DELANEY, G. A ; POTTER, P. J ; SEQUEIRA, K. A. J ; CAMPBELL, K ; POPOVICH, P. G</creatorcontrib><description>This study characterized the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), the antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, autoantibodies specific for GM1 ganglioside (anti-GM1), IgG and IgM, and myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG), in the sera of infection-free, chronic (>12 months), traumatically injured SCI patients (n = 24). Healthy able-bodied subjects (n = 26) served as controls. The proinflammatory cytokines and anti-GM1 antibodies were of particular interest as they have been implicated in an autoimmune "channelopathy" component to central and peripheral conduction deficits in various chronic neuroinflammatory diseases. Antibody and cytokine titers were established using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The mean anti-GM(1) (IgM) titer value for the SCI group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than controls. The SCI group also demonstrated significantly higher titers (p < 0.05) of IL-2 and TNF alpha than controls. No differences were found between the SCI group and control group mean levels of IL-4 or IL-10. Overall, the serum of 57% of SCI patients contained increased levels of autoantibodies or proinflammatory cytokines relative to control values. These results provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that chronic immunological activation in the periphery occurs in a subpopulation of chronic SCI patients. It remains to be established whether elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies against GM1 are beneficial to the patients or whether they are surrogate markers of a channelopathy that compounds the neurological impairment associated with traumatic axonopathy or myelinopathy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0897-7151</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-9042</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1089/08977150260139129</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12165135</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JNEUE4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Larchmont, NY: Liebert</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anticoagulants ; Autoantibodies - blood ; B-Lymphocytes - immunology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chronic Disease ; Cytokines ; Enzymes ; Female ; G(M1) Ganglioside - immunology ; Glycoproteins ; Health care ; Humans ; Immunology ; Infections ; Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents ; Interleukin-10 - blood ; Interleukin-2 - blood ; Interleukin-4 - blood ; Male ; Medical laboratories ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein - immunology ; Spinal cord injuries ; Spinal Cord Injuries - blood ; Spinal Cord Injuries - immunology ; Trauma ; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><ispartof>Journal of neurotrauma, 2002-06, Vol.19 (6), p.753-761</ispartof><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Mary Ann Liebert Inc. 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J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SEQUEIRA, K. A. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CAMPBELL, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>POPOVICH, P. G</creatorcontrib><title>Elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and CNS autoantibodies in patients with chronic spinal cord injury</title><title>Journal of neurotrauma</title><addtitle>J Neurotrauma</addtitle><description>This study characterized the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), the antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, autoantibodies specific for GM1 ganglioside (anti-GM1), IgG and IgM, and myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG), in the sera of infection-free, chronic (>12 months), traumatically injured SCI patients (n = 24). Healthy able-bodied subjects (n = 26) served as controls. The proinflammatory cytokines and anti-GM1 antibodies were of particular interest as they have been implicated in an autoimmune "channelopathy" component to central and peripheral conduction deficits in various chronic neuroinflammatory diseases. Antibody and cytokine titers were established using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The mean anti-GM(1) (IgM) titer value for the SCI group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than controls. The SCI group also demonstrated significantly higher titers (p < 0.05) of IL-2 and TNF alpha than controls. No differences were found between the SCI group and control group mean levels of IL-4 or IL-10. Overall, the serum of 57% of SCI patients contained increased levels of autoantibodies or proinflammatory cytokines relative to control values. These results provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that chronic immunological activation in the periphery occurs in a subpopulation of chronic SCI patients. It remains to be established whether elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies against GM1 are beneficial to the patients or whether they are surrogate markers of a channelopathy that compounds the neurological impairment associated with traumatic axonopathy or myelinopathy.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anticoagulants</subject><subject>Autoantibodies - blood</subject><subject>B-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chronic Disease</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>G(M1) Ganglioside - immunology</subject><subject>Glycoproteins</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents</subject><subject>Interleukin-10 - blood</subject><subject>Interleukin-2 - blood</subject><subject>Interleukin-4 - blood</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical laboratories</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein - immunology</subject><subject>Spinal cord injuries</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries - blood</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries - immunology</subject><subject>Trauma</subject><subject>Traumas. 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G</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and CNS autoantibodies in patients with chronic spinal cord injury</atitle><jtitle>Journal of neurotrauma</jtitle><addtitle>J Neurotrauma</addtitle><date>2002-06-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>753</spage><epage>761</epage><pages>753-761</pages><issn>0897-7151</issn><eissn>1557-9042</eissn><coden>JNEUE4</coden><abstract>This study characterized the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), the antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, autoantibodies specific for GM1 ganglioside (anti-GM1), IgG and IgM, and myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG), in the sera of infection-free, chronic (>12 months), traumatically injured SCI patients (n = 24). Healthy able-bodied subjects (n = 26) served as controls. The proinflammatory cytokines and anti-GM1 antibodies were of particular interest as they have been implicated in an autoimmune "channelopathy" component to central and peripheral conduction deficits in various chronic neuroinflammatory diseases. Antibody and cytokine titers were established using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The mean anti-GM(1) (IgM) titer value for the SCI group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than controls. The SCI group also demonstrated significantly higher titers (p < 0.05) of IL-2 and TNF alpha than controls. No differences were found between the SCI group and control group mean levels of IL-4 or IL-10. Overall, the serum of 57% of SCI patients contained increased levels of autoantibodies or proinflammatory cytokines relative to control values. These results provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that chronic immunological activation in the periphery occurs in a subpopulation of chronic SCI patients. It remains to be established whether elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies against GM1 are beneficial to the patients or whether they are surrogate markers of a channelopathy that compounds the neurological impairment associated with traumatic axonopathy or myelinopathy.</abstract><cop>Larchmont, NY</cop><pub>Liebert</pub><pmid>12165135</pmid><doi>10.1089/08977150260139129</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of neurotrauma, 2002-06, Vol.19 (6), p.753-761 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Mary Ann Liebert |
| subjects | Adult Anticoagulants Autoantibodies - blood B-Lymphocytes - immunology Biological and medical sciences Chronic Disease Cytokines Enzymes Female G(M1) Ganglioside - immunology Glycoproteins Health care Humans Immunology Infections Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents Interleukin-10 - blood Interleukin-2 - blood Interleukin-4 - blood Male Medical laboratories Medical sciences Middle Aged Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein - immunology Spinal cord injuries Spinal Cord Injuries - blood Spinal Cord Injuries - immunology Trauma Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism Tumor necrosis factor-TNF |
| title | Elevated serum titers of proinflammatory cytokines and CNS autoantibodies in patients with chronic spinal cord injury |
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