Effect of topography on the risk of malaria infection in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania
We investigated whether the risk of infection with malaria parasites was related to topography in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Clinical surveys were carried out in seven villages, situated at altitudes from 300 m to 1650 m. Each village was mapped and incorporated into a Digital Terrain Model....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2004-07, Vol.98 (7), p.400-408 |
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| container_title | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
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| creator | Balls, M.J Bødker, R Thomas, C.J Kisinza, W Msangeni, H.A Lindsay, S.W |
| description | We investigated whether the risk of infection with malaria parasites was related to topography in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Clinical surveys were carried out in seven villages, situated at altitudes from 300
m to 1650
m. Each village was mapped and incorporated into a Digital Terrain Model. Univariate analysis showed that the risk of splenomegaly declined with increasing altitude and with decreasing potential for water to accumulate. Logistic regression showed that altitude alone could correctly predict 73% of households where an occupant had an enlarged spleen or not. The inclusion of land where water is likely to accumulate within 400
m of each household increased the accuracy of the overall model slightly to 76%, but significantly improved predictions between 1000
m and 1200
m, where malaria is unstable, and likely to be epidemic. This novel approach illustrates how topography could help identify local areas prone to epidemics in the African highlands. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.11.005 |
| format | Article |
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m to 1650
m. Each village was mapped and incorporated into a Digital Terrain Model. Univariate analysis showed that the risk of splenomegaly declined with increasing altitude and with decreasing potential for water to accumulate. Logistic regression showed that altitude alone could correctly predict 73% of households where an occupant had an enlarged spleen or not. The inclusion of land where water is likely to accumulate within 400
m of each household increased the accuracy of the overall model slightly to 76%, but significantly improved predictions between 1000
m and 1200
m, where malaria is unstable, and likely to be epidemic. This novel approach illustrates how topography could help identify local areas prone to epidemics in the African highlands.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0035-9203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-3503</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.11.005</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15138076</identifier><identifier>CODEN: TRSTAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Altitude ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Highland malaria ; Human protozoal diseases ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious diseases ; Malaria ; Malaria - epidemiology ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Parasitic diseases ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Prevalence ; Protozoal diseases ; Regression Analysis ; Residence Characteristics ; Risk Factors ; Rural Health ; Spatial analysis ; Splenomegaly - epidemiology ; Splenomegaly - parasitology ; Tanzania ; Tanzania - epidemiology ; Topography ; Topography, Medical</subject><ispartof>Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2004-07, Vol.98 (7), p.400-408</ispartof><rights>2004 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</rights><rights>Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2004</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-485595c4e16cfc34b7ecb75ef963b9be1f1f7131de33b27f7a6c1dde7edfb3a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-485595c4e16cfc34b7ecb75ef963b9be1f1f7131de33b27f7a6c1dde7edfb3a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15835297$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15138076$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Balls, M.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bødker, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, C.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kisinza, W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Msangeni, H.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindsay, S.W</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of topography on the risk of malaria infection in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania</title><title>Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</title><addtitle>Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg</addtitle><addtitle>Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg</addtitle><description>We investigated whether the risk of infection with malaria parasites was related to topography in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Clinical surveys were carried out in seven villages, situated at altitudes from 300
m to 1650
m. Each village was mapped and incorporated into a Digital Terrain Model. Univariate analysis showed that the risk of splenomegaly declined with increasing altitude and with decreasing potential for water to accumulate. Logistic regression showed that altitude alone could correctly predict 73% of households where an occupant had an enlarged spleen or not. The inclusion of land where water is likely to accumulate within 400
m of each household increased the accuracy of the overall model slightly to 76%, but significantly improved predictions between 1000
m and 1200
m, where malaria is unstable, and likely to be epidemic. This novel approach illustrates how topography could help identify local areas prone to epidemics in the African highlands.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Highland malaria</subject><subject>Human protozoal diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Malaria - epidemiology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Plasmodium falciparum</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Protozoal diseases</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Residence Characteristics</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Rural Health</subject><subject>Spatial analysis</subject><subject>Splenomegaly - epidemiology</subject><subject>Splenomegaly - parasitology</subject><subject>Tanzania</subject><subject>Tanzania - epidemiology</subject><subject>Topography</subject><subject>Topography, Medical</subject><issn>0035-9203</issn><issn>1878-3503</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1v1DAQhi0EotvCP0AoFziR1I7XcXxBqqrSIm2F1C7i42JNnDHr7SYOdlJRfj1eZQWcEKc5vM87Iz1DyAtGC0ZZdbotxhDHblOUlPKCsYJS8YgsWC3rnAvKH5NFCkSuSsqPyHGMW0pLwYR6So6YYLymslqQLxfWohkzb7PRD_5bgGHzkPk-GzeYBRfv9kkHOwgOMtfvWZdSNwMfI3QNBMiu_dSP4Pr4JltD_xN6B8_IEwu7iM8P84Ss312sz6_y1YfL9-dnq9xwVY_5shZCCbNEVhlr-LKRaBop0KqKN6pBZpmVjLMWOW9KaSVUhrUtSmxtw4GfkNfz2iH47xPGUXcuGtztoEc_RS2ZYkpVNIHLGTTBxxjQ6iG4DsKDZlTvjeqtno3qvVHNmE5GU-3lYf_UdNj-KR0UJuDVAYBoYGcD9MbFv7iai1LJxJ3OnJ-G_z2dzw0XR_zxuwPhTleSS6GvPn_VN9e3YnV5-0nfJP7tzGPSfe8w6Ggc9gZbF9LfdOvdvw_-Av9rtkc</recordid><startdate>20040701</startdate><enddate>20040701</enddate><creator>Balls, M.J</creator><creator>Bødker, R</creator><creator>Thomas, C.J</creator><creator>Kisinza, W</creator><creator>Msangeni, H.A</creator><creator>Lindsay, S.W</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040701</creationdate><title>Effect of topography on the risk of malaria infection in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania</title><author>Balls, M.J ; 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Clinical surveys were carried out in seven villages, situated at altitudes from 300
m to 1650
m. Each village was mapped and incorporated into a Digital Terrain Model. Univariate analysis showed that the risk of splenomegaly declined with increasing altitude and with decreasing potential for water to accumulate. Logistic regression showed that altitude alone could correctly predict 73% of households where an occupant had an enlarged spleen or not. The inclusion of land where water is likely to accumulate within 400
m of each household increased the accuracy of the overall model slightly to 76%, but significantly improved predictions between 1000
m and 1200
m, where malaria is unstable, and likely to be epidemic. This novel approach illustrates how topography could help identify local areas prone to epidemics in the African highlands.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>15138076</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.11.005</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0035-9203 |
| ispartof | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2004-07, Vol.98 (7), p.400-408 |
| issn | 0035-9203 1878-3503 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current) |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Aged Altitude Biological and medical sciences Child Child, Preschool Cross-Sectional Studies Highland malaria Human protozoal diseases Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Infectious diseases Malaria Malaria - epidemiology Medical sciences Middle Aged Parasitic diseases Plasmodium falciparum Prevalence Protozoal diseases Regression Analysis Residence Characteristics Risk Factors Rural Health Spatial analysis Splenomegaly - epidemiology Splenomegaly - parasitology Tanzania Tanzania - epidemiology Topography Topography, Medical |
| title | Effect of topography on the risk of malaria infection in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania |
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