Effect of short-term N(2) deficiency on expression of the ureide pathway in cowpea root nodules
Root systems of 28-d-old cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp cv Vita 3: Bradyrhizobium sp. strain CB756) plants bearing nitrogen-fixing nodules in sand culture were exposed to an atmosphere of Ar:O(2) (80:20, v/v) for 48 h and then returned to air. Root systems of control plants were maintained in air...
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description | Root systems of 28-d-old cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp cv Vita 3: Bradyrhizobium sp. strain CB756) plants bearing nitrogen-fixing nodules in sand culture were exposed to an atmosphere of Ar:O(2) (80:20, v/v) for 48 h and then returned to air. Root systems of control plants were maintained in air throughout. Nodules were harvested at the same times in control and Ar:O(2)-treated root systems. Activities of two enzymes of de novo purine synthesis, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GART; EC 2.1.2.2), aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase (AIRS; EC 6.3.3.1), uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) were measured together with the protein level of each using immune-specific polyclonal antibodies. AIRS activity and protein both declined to very low levels within 6 h in Ar:O(2) together with a decline in transcript level of pur5, the encoding gene. GART activity, protein, and transcript (pur3) levels were relatively stable. Uricase activity declined in Ar:O(2) as rapidly as AIRS activity but the protein was stable. PEPC activity showed evidence of increased sensitivity to inhibition by malate but the protein level was stable. The data indicate that the flux of fixed N from bacteroids (N(2)-fixing nodule bacteria) is in some way associated with transcriptional control over pur5 and possibly also catabolism of AIRS protein. In contrast, there is limited posttranslational control over GART and PEPC and close posttranslational control over uricase activity. The significance of these different levels of regulation is discussed in relation to the overall control of enhanced expression of plant enzymes in the cowpea symbiosis. |
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Walp cv Vita 3: Bradyrhizobium sp. strain CB756) plants bearing nitrogen-fixing nodules in sand culture were exposed to an atmosphere of Ar:O(2) (80:20, v/v) for 48 h and then returned to air. Root systems of control plants were maintained in air throughout. Nodules were harvested at the same times in control and Ar:O(2)-treated root systems. Activities of two enzymes of de novo purine synthesis, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GART; EC 2.1.2.2), aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase (AIRS; EC 6.3.3.1), uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) were measured together with the protein level of each using immune-specific polyclonal antibodies. AIRS activity and protein both declined to very low levels within 6 h in Ar:O(2) together with a decline in transcript level of pur5, the encoding gene. GART activity, protein, and transcript (pur3) levels were relatively stable. Uricase activity declined in Ar:O(2) as rapidly as AIRS activity but the protein was stable. PEPC activity showed evidence of increased sensitivity to inhibition by malate but the protein level was stable. The data indicate that the flux of fixed N from bacteroids (N(2)-fixing nodule bacteria) is in some way associated with transcriptional control over pur5 and possibly also catabolism of AIRS protein. In contrast, there is limited posttranslational control over GART and PEPC and close posttranslational control over uricase activity. The significance of these different levels of regulation is discussed in relation to the overall control of enhanced expression of plant enzymes in the cowpea symbiosis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-0889</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-2548</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12114575</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society of Plant Biologists</publisher><subject>Argon - pharmacology ; Bradyrhizobium - growth & development ; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases - genetics ; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases - metabolism ; Enzymes - genetics ; Enzymes - metabolism ; Fabaceae - enzymology ; Fabaceae - genetics ; Fabaceae - microbiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects ; Hydroxymethyl and Formyl Transferases - genetics ; Hydroxymethyl and Formyl Transferases - metabolism ; Nitrogen - metabolism ; Nitrogen Fixation ; Oxygen - pharmacology ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase - genetics ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase - metabolism ; Phosphoribosylglycinamide Formyltransferase ; Plant Proteins - genetics ; Plant Proteins - metabolism ; Plant Roots - enzymology ; Plant Roots - genetics ; Plant Roots - microbiology ; Roots ; Symbiosis ; Symbiosis - genetics ; Time Factors ; Urate Oxidase - genetics ; Urate Oxidase - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Plant physiology (Bethesda), 2002-07, Vol.129 (3), p.1216-1221</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Society of Plant Physiologists Jul 2002</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12114575$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Smith, Penelope M C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winter, Heike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Storer, Paul J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bussell, John D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schuller, Kathryn A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Atkins, Craig A</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of short-term N(2) deficiency on expression of the ureide pathway in cowpea root nodules</title><title>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</title><addtitle>Plant Physiol</addtitle><description>Root systems of 28-d-old cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp cv Vita 3: Bradyrhizobium sp. strain CB756) plants bearing nitrogen-fixing nodules in sand culture were exposed to an atmosphere of Ar:O(2) (80:20, v/v) for 48 h and then returned to air. Root systems of control plants were maintained in air throughout. Nodules were harvested at the same times in control and Ar:O(2)-treated root systems. Activities of two enzymes of de novo purine synthesis, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GART; EC 2.1.2.2), aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase (AIRS; EC 6.3.3.1), uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) were measured together with the protein level of each using immune-specific polyclonal antibodies. AIRS activity and protein both declined to very low levels within 6 h in Ar:O(2) together with a decline in transcript level of pur5, the encoding gene. GART activity, protein, and transcript (pur3) levels were relatively stable. Uricase activity declined in Ar:O(2) as rapidly as AIRS activity but the protein was stable. PEPC activity showed evidence of increased sensitivity to inhibition by malate but the protein level was stable. The data indicate that the flux of fixed N from bacteroids (N(2)-fixing nodule bacteria) is in some way associated with transcriptional control over pur5 and possibly also catabolism of AIRS protein. In contrast, there is limited posttranslational control over GART and PEPC and close posttranslational control over uricase activity. The significance of these different levels of regulation is discussed in relation to the overall control of enhanced expression of plant enzymes in the cowpea symbiosis.</description><subject>Argon - pharmacology</subject><subject>Bradyrhizobium - growth & development</subject><subject>Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases - genetics</subject><subject>Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases - metabolism</subject><subject>Enzymes - genetics</subject><subject>Enzymes - metabolism</subject><subject>Fabaceae - enzymology</subject><subject>Fabaceae - genetics</subject><subject>Fabaceae - microbiology</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects</subject><subject>Hydroxymethyl and Formyl Transferases - genetics</subject><subject>Hydroxymethyl and Formyl Transferases - metabolism</subject><subject>Nitrogen - metabolism</subject><subject>Nitrogen Fixation</subject><subject>Oxygen - pharmacology</subject><subject>Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase - 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genetics</topic><topic>Plant Roots - microbiology</topic><topic>Roots</topic><topic>Symbiosis</topic><topic>Symbiosis - genetics</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Urate Oxidase - genetics</topic><topic>Urate Oxidase - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Smith, Penelope M C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winter, Heike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Storer, Paul J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bussell, John D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schuller, Kathryn A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Atkins, Craig A</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Smith, Penelope M C</au><au>Winter, Heike</au><au>Storer, Paul J</au><au>Bussell, John D</au><au>Schuller, Kathryn A</au><au>Atkins, Craig A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of short-term N(2) deficiency on expression of the ureide pathway in cowpea root nodules</atitle><jtitle>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</jtitle><addtitle>Plant Physiol</addtitle><date>2002-07</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>129</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1216</spage><epage>1221</epage><pages>1216-1221</pages><issn>0032-0889</issn><eissn>1532-2548</eissn><abstract>Root systems of 28-d-old cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp cv Vita 3: Bradyrhizobium sp. strain CB756) plants bearing nitrogen-fixing nodules in sand culture were exposed to an atmosphere of Ar:O(2) (80:20, v/v) for 48 h and then returned to air. Root systems of control plants were maintained in air throughout. Nodules were harvested at the same times in control and Ar:O(2)-treated root systems. Activities of two enzymes of de novo purine synthesis, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GART; EC 2.1.2.2), aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase (AIRS; EC 6.3.3.1), uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) were measured together with the protein level of each using immune-specific polyclonal antibodies. AIRS activity and protein both declined to very low levels within 6 h in Ar:O(2) together with a decline in transcript level of pur5, the encoding gene. GART activity, protein, and transcript (pur3) levels were relatively stable. Uricase activity declined in Ar:O(2) as rapidly as AIRS activity but the protein was stable. PEPC activity showed evidence of increased sensitivity to inhibition by malate but the protein level was stable. The data indicate that the flux of fixed N from bacteroids (N(2)-fixing nodule bacteria) is in some way associated with transcriptional control over pur5 and possibly also catabolism of AIRS protein. In contrast, there is limited posttranslational control over GART and PEPC and close posttranslational control over uricase activity. The significance of these different levels of regulation is discussed in relation to the overall control of enhanced expression of plant enzymes in the cowpea symbiosis.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society of Plant Biologists</pub><pmid>12114575</pmid><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Argon - pharmacology Bradyrhizobium - growth & development Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases - genetics Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases - metabolism Enzymes - genetics Enzymes - metabolism Fabaceae - enzymology Fabaceae - genetics Fabaceae - microbiology Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects Hydroxymethyl and Formyl Transferases - genetics Hydroxymethyl and Formyl Transferases - metabolism Nitrogen - metabolism Nitrogen Fixation Oxygen - pharmacology Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase - genetics Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase - metabolism Phosphoribosylglycinamide Formyltransferase Plant Proteins - genetics Plant Proteins - metabolism Plant Roots - enzymology Plant Roots - genetics Plant Roots - microbiology Roots Symbiosis Symbiosis - genetics Time Factors Urate Oxidase - genetics Urate Oxidase - metabolism |
title | Effect of short-term N(2) deficiency on expression of the ureide pathway in cowpea root nodules |
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