The vestibulo-ocular reflex in three dimensions
The purpose of this paper is to review the kinematics and dynamics of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in three dimensions. We give a brief, didactic tutorial on vectors and matrices and their importance as representational schemes for describing the kinematics and dynamics of the angular and linea...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Experimental brain research 2002-07, Vol.145 (1), p.1-27 |
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| description | The purpose of this paper is to review the kinematics and dynamics of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in three dimensions. We give a brief, didactic tutorial on vectors and matrices and their importance as representational schemes for describing the kinematics and dynamics of the angular and linear accelerations that activate the vestibular system. We show how the vectors associated with angular and linear head accelerations are transformed by the peripheral and central vestibular systems to drive the oculomotor system to produce eye movements in three-dimensional space. We also review critical questions and controversies related to the compensatory and orientation behavior of the VOR. One such question is how the central vestibular system distinguishes tilts of the head, which generate interaural linear acceleration from translations along the interaural axis. Another question is how the velocity-position integrator is implemented centrally. The review has been placed in the context of a model that explains the behavior of the VOR in three dimensions. Model processes have been related to peripheral and central neural behavior in order to gain insight into the nature of the three-dimensional organization and the controversial questions that are addressed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00221-002-1067-z |
| format | Article |
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We give a brief, didactic tutorial on vectors and matrices and their importance as representational schemes for describing the kinematics and dynamics of the angular and linear accelerations that activate the vestibular system. We show how the vectors associated with angular and linear head accelerations are transformed by the peripheral and central vestibular systems to drive the oculomotor system to produce eye movements in three-dimensional space. We also review critical questions and controversies related to the compensatory and orientation behavior of the VOR. One such question is how the central vestibular system distinguishes tilts of the head, which generate interaural linear acceleration from translations along the interaural axis. Another question is how the velocity-position integrator is implemented centrally. The review has been placed in the context of a model that explains the behavior of the VOR in three dimensions. 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Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Kinematics</topic><topic>Models, Neurological</topic><topic>Motor control and motor pathways. Reflexes. Control centers of vegetative functions. Vestibular system and equilibration</topic><topic>Neural Pathways - physiology</topic><topic>Orientation - physiology</topic><topic>Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular - physiology</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><topic>Vestibule, Labyrinth - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>RAPHAN, Theodore</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>COHEN, Bernard</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Social Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Social Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Experimental brain research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>RAPHAN, Theodore</au><au>COHEN, Bernard</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The vestibulo-ocular reflex in three dimensions</atitle><jtitle>Experimental brain research</jtitle><addtitle>Exp Brain Res</addtitle><date>2002-07-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>145</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>27</epage><pages>1-27</pages><issn>0014-4819</issn><eissn>1432-1106</eissn><coden>EXBRAP</coden><abstract>The purpose of this paper is to review the kinematics and dynamics of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in three dimensions. We give a brief, didactic tutorial on vectors and matrices and their importance as representational schemes for describing the kinematics and dynamics of the angular and linear accelerations that activate the vestibular system. We show how the vectors associated with angular and linear head accelerations are transformed by the peripheral and central vestibular systems to drive the oculomotor system to produce eye movements in three-dimensional space. We also review critical questions and controversies related to the compensatory and orientation behavior of the VOR. One such question is how the central vestibular system distinguishes tilts of the head, which generate interaural linear acceleration from translations along the interaural axis. Another question is how the velocity-position integrator is implemented centrally. The review has been placed in the context of a model that explains the behavior of the VOR in three dimensions. 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| subjects | Adaptation, Physiological - physiology Animals Biological and medical sciences Brain - physiology Eye Movements - physiology Fixation, Ocular - physiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Kinematics Models, Neurological Motor control and motor pathways. Reflexes. Control centers of vegetative functions. Vestibular system and equilibration Neural Pathways - physiology Orientation - physiology Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular - physiology Space life sciences Velocity Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs Vestibule, Labyrinth - physiology |
| title | The vestibulo-ocular reflex in three dimensions |
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