Retention and removal of pathogenic bacteria in wastewater percolating through porous media: a review

Properly designed biological filters or infiltration systems have the capacity to significantly reduce effluent concentrations of pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater. The retention and elimination of microbial cells in biological wastewater filter systems is influenced by several factors. In thi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Water Research 2004-03, Vol.38 (6), p.1355-1367
Hauptverfasser: Kristian Stevik, Tor, Kari Aa, Ausland, Geir, Fredrik Hanssen, Jon
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container_title Water Research
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creator Kristian Stevik, Tor
Kari Aa
Ausland, Geir
Fredrik Hanssen, Jon
description Properly designed biological filters or infiltration systems have the capacity to significantly reduce effluent concentrations of pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater. The retention and elimination of microbial cells in biological wastewater filter systems is influenced by several factors. In this review, these factors are discussed. Immobilization of microbial cells moving through a porous media is influenced by mechanisms such as physical straining as well as adsorption to porous media. The grain size of porous media and bacterial cell size are important factors affecting the straining of bacteria, as are the hydraulic loading rate or the extent of clogging layer development in the filter. Adsorption of cells to the porous media is influenced by the content of organic matter, degree of biofilm development, and electrostatic attraction due to ion strength of the solution or electrostatic charges of cell- and particle surfaces. The rate of inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms, in adsorbed or liquid phases, has been shown to be affected by abiotic and biotic factors such as moisture content, pH, temperature, organic matter, bacterial species, predation, and antagonistic symbiosis between microorganisms in the system.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.watres.2003.12.024
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Applied sciences
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Bacteria - pathogenicity
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of waters
Biotechnology
Environment and pollution
Exact sciences and technology
Filtration
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Infiltration
Other wastewaters
Pathogenic bacteria
Pollution
Porosity
Porous media
Purification
Temperature
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Wastewater
Wastewaters
Water Purification - methods
Water treatment and pollution
title Retention and removal of pathogenic bacteria in wastewater percolating through porous media: a review
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