Cytokines of the Placenta and Extra-placental Membranes: Biosynthesis, Secretion and Roles in Establishment of Pregnancy in Women

Virtually all known cytokines have been demonstrated to be expressed in the placenta and associated fetal and maternal membranes during normal gestation. In addition to playing their traditional roles as modulators of immunological function, cytokines derived from the placenta and extraplacental mem...

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Veröffentlicht in:Placenta (Eastbourne) 2002-04, Vol.23 (4), p.239-256
Hauptverfasser: Bowen, J.M., Chamley, L., Mitchell, M.D., Keelan, J.A.
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container_issue 4
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container_title Placenta (Eastbourne)
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creator Bowen, J.M.
Chamley, L.
Mitchell, M.D.
Keelan, J.A.
description Virtually all known cytokines have been demonstrated to be expressed in the placenta and associated fetal and maternal membranes during normal gestation. In addition to playing their traditional roles as modulators of immunological function, cytokines derived from the placenta and extraplacental membranes, together with other locally-derived growth factors, appear to be implicated in various aspects of implantation and placental development. Imbalances in the intrauterine cytokine milieu around the time of implantation and invasion may play a causative role in disorders associated with early pregnancy failure, and are also associated with the abnormal trophoblast development seen in gestational trophoblastic disease. Cytokines thus appear to be an important component of a paracrine/autocrine communication network operating within the feto-maternal interface to ensure the successful establishment of pregnancy.
doi_str_mv 10.1053/plac.2001.0781
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Abortion, Habitual - immunology
Biological and medical sciences
Chemokines - physiology
Cytokines - physiology
Embryo Implantation - immunology
Embryo Implantation - physiology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Growth Substances - physiology
Humans
Interferons - physiology
Maternal-Fetal Exchange - immunology
Maternal-Fetal Exchange - physiology
Mother. Fetoplacental unit. Mammary gland. Milk
Placenta - immunology
Placenta - physiology
Placentation
Pregnancy
Pregnancy. Parturition. Lactation
Transforming Growth Factor beta - physiology
Trophoblastic Neoplasms - immunology
Uterine Neoplasms - immunology
Vertebrates: reproduction
title Cytokines of the Placenta and Extra-placental Membranes: Biosynthesis, Secretion and Roles in Establishment of Pregnancy in Women
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