Effect of cardiac vagal outflow on complexity and fractal correlation properties of heart rate dynamics
Summary 1 Cardiac vagal outflow is the major factor determining the magnitude of heart rate (HR) variability analysed by traditional time and frequency domain methods. New analysis techniques, such as fractal and complexity methods, have been developed to probe non‐linear features in HR behaviour th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 2003-06, Vol.23 (3), p.173-179 |
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| creator | Penttilä, J. Helminen, A. Jartti, T. Kuusela, T. Huikuri, H. V. Tulppo, M. P. Scheinin, H. |
| description | Summary
1 Cardiac vagal outflow is the major factor determining the magnitude of heart rate (HR) variability analysed by traditional time and frequency domain methods. New analysis techniques, such as fractal and complexity methods, have been developed to probe non‐linear features in HR behaviour that may not be detectable by traditional methods.
2 We investigated the effects of vagal blockade (glycopyrrolate i.v. 5 μg kg−1 h−1 for 2 h, n = 8 vs. unmedicated control group, n = 8) and various breathing patterns (n = 12) on two non‐linear measures of HR variability – detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and approximate entropy (ApEn) – in healthy male volunteers.
3 Glycopyrrolate decreased the mean (±SD) ApEn from 1.46 ± 0.18 to 0.85 ± 0.24 (P = 0.001 in comparison with the control group), and increased the short‐term (α1) and intermediate‐term (α2) fractal scaling exponents of DFA, α1 from 0.96 ± 0.19 to 1.43 ± 0.29 (P = 0.003) and α2 from 1.13 ± 0.10 to 1.34 ± 0.14 (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1046/j.1474-8673.2003.00293.x |
| format | Article |
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1 Cardiac vagal outflow is the major factor determining the magnitude of heart rate (HR) variability analysed by traditional time and frequency domain methods. New analysis techniques, such as fractal and complexity methods, have been developed to probe non‐linear features in HR behaviour that may not be detectable by traditional methods.
2 We investigated the effects of vagal blockade (glycopyrrolate i.v. 5 μg kg−1 h−1 for 2 h, n = 8 vs. unmedicated control group, n = 8) and various breathing patterns (n = 12) on two non‐linear measures of HR variability – detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and approximate entropy (ApEn) – in healthy male volunteers.
3 Glycopyrrolate decreased the mean (±SD) ApEn from 1.46 ± 0.18 to 0.85 ± 0.24 (P = 0.001 in comparison with the control group), and increased the short‐term (α1) and intermediate‐term (α2) fractal scaling exponents of DFA, α1 from 0.96 ± 0.19 to 1.43 ± 0.29 (P = 0.003) and α2 from 1.13 ± 0.10 to 1.34 ± 0.14 (P < 0.001).
4 Decrease in fixed respiration rate from 15 to 6 breaths min−1 increased α1 from 0.83 ± 0.25 to 1.18 ± 0.27 (P < 0.001), but decreased α2 from 0.88 ± 0.09 to 0.45 ± 0.17 (P < 0.001) and ApEn from 1.26 ± 0.12 to 1.10 ± 0.14 (P = 0.028). Rapid breathing (24 min−1) had no influence on these non‐linear measures of HR variability. Hyperventilation (15 min−1, tidal volume increased voluntarily by 0.5 l) decreased α1 from 0.83 ± 0.25 to 0.66 ± 0.28 (P = 0.002) but did not affect α2 or ApEn.
5 To conclude, vagal blockade alters the fractal scaling properties of R‐R intervals (α1, α2) and reduces the complexity (ApEn) of HR behaviour. Both the fractal and complexity measures of HR variability can also be influenced by changes in the breathing pattern.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1474-8665</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1474-8673</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1046/j.1474-8673.2003.00293.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 14690492</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; autonomic nervous system ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Entropy ; Fractals ; Glycopyrrolate - pharmacology ; Heart - drug effects ; Heart - innervation ; Heart - physiology ; Heart Rate - drug effects ; Heart Rate - physiology ; heart rate variability ; Humans ; Hyperventilation - physiopathology ; Male ; muscarinic antagonists ; Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System - drug effects ; Respiratory Mechanics - drug effects ; Tidal Volume - drug effects ; Vagus Nerve - physiology</subject><ispartof>Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology, 2003-06, Vol.23 (3), p.173-179</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3833-51f0544080e38162bf61cb2b3247ff9d5d807e9c66d1bda0be629c618b1a63183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3833-51f0544080e38162bf61cb2b3247ff9d5d807e9c66d1bda0be629c618b1a63183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046%2Fj.1474-8673.2003.00293.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046%2Fj.1474-8673.2003.00293.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14690492$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Penttilä, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Helminen, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jartti, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuusela, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huikuri, H. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tulppo, M. P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheinin, H.</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of cardiac vagal outflow on complexity and fractal correlation properties of heart rate dynamics</title><title>Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology</title><addtitle>Auton Autacoid Pharmacol</addtitle><description>Summary
1 Cardiac vagal outflow is the major factor determining the magnitude of heart rate (HR) variability analysed by traditional time and frequency domain methods. New analysis techniques, such as fractal and complexity methods, have been developed to probe non‐linear features in HR behaviour that may not be detectable by traditional methods.
2 We investigated the effects of vagal blockade (glycopyrrolate i.v. 5 μg kg−1 h−1 for 2 h, n = 8 vs. unmedicated control group, n = 8) and various breathing patterns (n = 12) on two non‐linear measures of HR variability – detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and approximate entropy (ApEn) – in healthy male volunteers.
3 Glycopyrrolate decreased the mean (±SD) ApEn from 1.46 ± 0.18 to 0.85 ± 0.24 (P = 0.001 in comparison with the control group), and increased the short‐term (α1) and intermediate‐term (α2) fractal scaling exponents of DFA, α1 from 0.96 ± 0.19 to 1.43 ± 0.29 (P = 0.003) and α2 from 1.13 ± 0.10 to 1.34 ± 0.14 (P < 0.001).
4 Decrease in fixed respiration rate from 15 to 6 breaths min−1 increased α1 from 0.83 ± 0.25 to 1.18 ± 0.27 (P < 0.001), but decreased α2 from 0.88 ± 0.09 to 0.45 ± 0.17 (P < 0.001) and ApEn from 1.26 ± 0.12 to 1.10 ± 0.14 (P = 0.028). Rapid breathing (24 min−1) had no influence on these non‐linear measures of HR variability. Hyperventilation (15 min−1, tidal volume increased voluntarily by 0.5 l) decreased α1 from 0.83 ± 0.25 to 0.66 ± 0.28 (P = 0.002) but did not affect α2 or ApEn.
5 To conclude, vagal blockade alters the fractal scaling properties of R‐R intervals (α1, α2) and reduces the complexity (ApEn) of HR behaviour. Both the fractal and complexity measures of HR variability can also be influenced by changes in the breathing pattern.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>autonomic nervous system</subject><subject>Electrocardiography, Ambulatory</subject><subject>Entropy</subject><subject>Fractals</subject><subject>Glycopyrrolate - pharmacology</subject><subject>Heart - drug effects</subject><subject>Heart - innervation</subject><subject>Heart - physiology</subject><subject>Heart Rate - drug effects</subject><subject>Heart Rate - physiology</subject><subject>heart rate variability</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperventilation - physiopathology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>muscarinic antagonists</subject><subject>Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology</subject><subject>Parasympathetic Nervous System - drug effects</subject><subject>Respiratory Mechanics - drug effects</subject><subject>Tidal Volume - drug effects</subject><subject>Vagus Nerve - physiology</subject><issn>1474-8665</issn><issn>1474-8673</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkF1v2yAUhlG1qU0__sLE1e7sgsHYlnaTRV1aqdoqtVUvEcaHjswOGZAl-ffFS5Te9oqDeJ_3oAchTElOCRfXi5zyime1qFheEMJyQoqG5dsTNDk-fDrOojxD5yEsCKEV4-UpOqNcNIQ3xQS93hgDOmJnsFa-s0rjf-pV9dito-ndBrsl1m5Y9bC1cYfVssPGKx1TQjvvoVfRpsjKuxX4aCGMTb9B-Yi9ioC73VINVodL9NmoPsDV4bxAzz9unma32f2v-d1sep9pVjOWldSQknNSE2A1FUVrBNVt0bKCV8Y0XdnVpIJGC9HRtlOkBVGkG61bqgSjNbtAX_e96Ud_1xCiHGzQ0PdqCW4dZJWclMlCCtb7oPYuBA9GrrwdlN9JSuQoWS7k6E-OLuUoWf6XLLcJ_XLYsW4H6N7Bg9UU-LYPbGwPuw8Xy-n0IQ0Jz_a4DRG2R1z5PzIhVSlffs7l98enRpDbBLM3WXOakQ</recordid><startdate>200306</startdate><enddate>200306</enddate><creator>Penttilä, J.</creator><creator>Helminen, A.</creator><creator>Jartti, T.</creator><creator>Kuusela, T.</creator><creator>Huikuri, H. V.</creator><creator>Tulppo, M. P.</creator><creator>Scheinin, H.</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200306</creationdate><title>Effect of cardiac vagal outflow on complexity and fractal correlation properties of heart rate dynamics</title><author>Penttilä, J. ; Helminen, A. ; Jartti, T. ; Kuusela, T. ; Huikuri, H. V. ; Tulppo, M. P. ; Scheinin, H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3833-51f0544080e38162bf61cb2b3247ff9d5d807e9c66d1bda0be629c618b1a63183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>autonomic nervous system</topic><topic>Electrocardiography, Ambulatory</topic><topic>Entropy</topic><topic>Fractals</topic><topic>Glycopyrrolate - pharmacology</topic><topic>Heart - drug effects</topic><topic>Heart - innervation</topic><topic>Heart - physiology</topic><topic>Heart Rate - drug effects</topic><topic>Heart Rate - physiology</topic><topic>heart rate variability</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperventilation - physiopathology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>muscarinic antagonists</topic><topic>Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology</topic><topic>Parasympathetic Nervous System - drug effects</topic><topic>Respiratory Mechanics - drug effects</topic><topic>Tidal Volume - drug effects</topic><topic>Vagus Nerve - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Penttilä, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Helminen, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jartti, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuusela, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huikuri, H. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tulppo, M. P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheinin, H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Penttilä, J.</au><au>Helminen, A.</au><au>Jartti, T.</au><au>Kuusela, T.</au><au>Huikuri, H. V.</au><au>Tulppo, M. P.</au><au>Scheinin, H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of cardiac vagal outflow on complexity and fractal correlation properties of heart rate dynamics</atitle><jtitle>Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology</jtitle><addtitle>Auton Autacoid Pharmacol</addtitle><date>2003-06</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>173</spage><epage>179</epage><pages>173-179</pages><issn>1474-8665</issn><eissn>1474-8673</eissn><abstract>Summary
1 Cardiac vagal outflow is the major factor determining the magnitude of heart rate (HR) variability analysed by traditional time and frequency domain methods. New analysis techniques, such as fractal and complexity methods, have been developed to probe non‐linear features in HR behaviour that may not be detectable by traditional methods.
2 We investigated the effects of vagal blockade (glycopyrrolate i.v. 5 μg kg−1 h−1 for 2 h, n = 8 vs. unmedicated control group, n = 8) and various breathing patterns (n = 12) on two non‐linear measures of HR variability – detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and approximate entropy (ApEn) – in healthy male volunteers.
3 Glycopyrrolate decreased the mean (±SD) ApEn from 1.46 ± 0.18 to 0.85 ± 0.24 (P = 0.001 in comparison with the control group), and increased the short‐term (α1) and intermediate‐term (α2) fractal scaling exponents of DFA, α1 from 0.96 ± 0.19 to 1.43 ± 0.29 (P = 0.003) and α2 from 1.13 ± 0.10 to 1.34 ± 0.14 (P < 0.001).
4 Decrease in fixed respiration rate from 15 to 6 breaths min−1 increased α1 from 0.83 ± 0.25 to 1.18 ± 0.27 (P < 0.001), but decreased α2 from 0.88 ± 0.09 to 0.45 ± 0.17 (P < 0.001) and ApEn from 1.26 ± 0.12 to 1.10 ± 0.14 (P = 0.028). Rapid breathing (24 min−1) had no influence on these non‐linear measures of HR variability. Hyperventilation (15 min−1, tidal volume increased voluntarily by 0.5 l) decreased α1 from 0.83 ± 0.25 to 0.66 ± 0.28 (P = 0.002) but did not affect α2 or ApEn.
5 To conclude, vagal blockade alters the fractal scaling properties of R‐R intervals (α1, α2) and reduces the complexity (ApEn) of HR behaviour. Both the fractal and complexity measures of HR variability can also be influenced by changes in the breathing pattern.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><pmid>14690492</pmid><doi>10.1046/j.1474-8673.2003.00293.x</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult autonomic nervous system Electrocardiography, Ambulatory Entropy Fractals Glycopyrrolate - pharmacology Heart - drug effects Heart - innervation Heart - physiology Heart Rate - drug effects Heart Rate - physiology heart rate variability Humans Hyperventilation - physiopathology Male muscarinic antagonists Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology Parasympathetic Nervous System - drug effects Respiratory Mechanics - drug effects Tidal Volume - drug effects Vagus Nerve - physiology |
| title | Effect of cardiac vagal outflow on complexity and fractal correlation properties of heart rate dynamics |
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