Comparison of the physical fitness of men and women entering the U.S. army: 1978-1998
To compare the physical fitness levels of recruits entering the U.S. Army in 1998 to those entering in 1978 and 1983. In 1998, 182 men and 168 women were tested before beginning basic training at Fort Jackson, SC. The measurements were 1) skin-fold estimation of percent body fat (%BF); 2) maximum ox...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Medicine and science in sports and exercise 2002-02, Vol.34 (2), p.356-363 |
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| creator | SHARP, Marilyn A PATTON, John F KNAPIK, Joseph J HAURET, Keith MELLO, Robert P ITO, Max FRYKMAN, Peter N |
| description | To compare the physical fitness levels of recruits entering the U.S. Army in 1998 to those entering in 1978 and 1983.
In 1998, 182 men and 168 women were tested before beginning basic training at Fort Jackson, SC. The measurements were 1) skin-fold estimation of percent body fat (%BF); 2) maximum oxygen uptake by treadmill running (VO2max); and 3) upper-body (UB), lower-body (LB), and upright pulling (UP) isometric strength. These data were compared to data from basic trainees at Fort Jackson in 1978 (skin folds, VO2max, UB, and LB) and 1983 (skin folds and UP).
Body weight (BW) of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 12%; women, 6%) and 1983 recruits (men, 8%; women, 7%). %BF of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 15%; women, 5%) and 1983 recruits (men, 15%; women, 17%). The 1998 men had more fat-free mass (FFM) (P < 0.05) than men in 1978 (8%) or 1983 (5%), whereas 1998 women were only different from those measured in 1978 (4%, P < 0.05). The VO2max of men (50.6 +/- 6.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was equivalent to men in 1978, whereas that of women (39.7 +/- 5.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was 6% greater (P < 0.05). The 1998 recruits were stronger (P < 0.05) on all measures of muscle strength than recruits measured in 1978 (men, UB = 16%, LB = 12%; women, UB = 18%, LB = 6%) and 1983 (men, UP = 7%; women, UP = 6%).
The aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and FFM of 1998 recruits is comparable to or greater than that of 1978 and 1983 recruits; however, 1998 recruits tended to have more BW and a greater %BF. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/00005768-200202000-00026 |
| format | Article |
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In 1998, 182 men and 168 women were tested before beginning basic training at Fort Jackson, SC. The measurements were 1) skin-fold estimation of percent body fat (%BF); 2) maximum oxygen uptake by treadmill running (VO2max); and 3) upper-body (UB), lower-body (LB), and upright pulling (UP) isometric strength. These data were compared to data from basic trainees at Fort Jackson in 1978 (skin folds, VO2max, UB, and LB) and 1983 (skin folds and UP).
Body weight (BW) of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 12%; women, 6%) and 1983 recruits (men, 8%; women, 7%). %BF of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 15%; women, 5%) and 1983 recruits (men, 15%; women, 17%). The 1998 men had more fat-free mass (FFM) (P < 0.05) than men in 1978 (8%) or 1983 (5%), whereas 1998 women were only different from those measured in 1978 (4%, P < 0.05). The VO2max of men (50.6 +/- 6.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was equivalent to men in 1978, whereas that of women (39.7 +/- 5.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was 6% greater (P < 0.05). The 1998 recruits were stronger (P < 0.05) on all measures of muscle strength than recruits measured in 1978 (men, UB = 16%, LB = 12%; women, UB = 18%, LB = 6%) and 1983 (men, UP = 7%; women, UP = 6%).
The aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and FFM of 1998 recruits is comparable to or greater than that of 1978 and 1983 recruits; however, 1998 recruits tended to have more BW and a greater %BF.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0195-9131</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1530-0315</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200202000-00026</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11828248</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MSPEDA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Anthropometry ; Biological and medical sciences ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel - statistics & numerical data ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Oxygen Consumption - physiology ; Physical Fitness ; Sex Factors ; South Carolina - epidemiology ; Space life sciences ; Time Factors ; Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports</subject><ispartof>Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2002-02, Vol.34 (2), p.356-363</ispartof><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-e5f18742308ad279318927a6eddf22780920616be7da9bb1da2be1da4d2d0dc13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-e5f18742308ad279318927a6eddf22780920616be7da9bb1da2be1da4d2d0dc13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13480953$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11828248$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>SHARP, Marilyn A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PATTON, John F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KNAPIK, Joseph J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HAURET, Keith</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MELLO, Robert P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ITO, Max</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FRYKMAN, Peter N</creatorcontrib><title>Comparison of the physical fitness of men and women entering the U.S. army: 1978-1998</title><title>Medicine and science in sports and exercise</title><addtitle>Med Sci Sports Exerc</addtitle><description><![CDATA[To compare the physical fitness levels of recruits entering the U.S. Army in 1998 to those entering in 1978 and 1983.
In 1998, 182 men and 168 women were tested before beginning basic training at Fort Jackson, SC. The measurements were 1) skin-fold estimation of percent body fat (%BF); 2) maximum oxygen uptake by treadmill running (VO2max); and 3) upper-body (UB), lower-body (LB), and upright pulling (UP) isometric strength. These data were compared to data from basic trainees at Fort Jackson in 1978 (skin folds, VO2max, UB, and LB) and 1983 (skin folds and UP).
Body weight (BW) of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 12%; women, 6%) and 1983 recruits (men, 8%; women, 7%). %BF of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 15%; women, 5%) and 1983 recruits (men, 15%; women, 17%). The 1998 men had more fat-free mass (FFM) (P < 0.05) than men in 1978 (8%) or 1983 (5%), whereas 1998 women were only different from those measured in 1978 (4%, P < 0.05). The VO2max of men (50.6 +/- 6.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was equivalent to men in 1978, whereas that of women (39.7 +/- 5.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was 6% greater (P < 0.05). The 1998 recruits were stronger (P < 0.05) on all measures of muscle strength than recruits measured in 1978 (men, UB = 16%, LB = 12%; women, UB = 18%, LB = 6%) and 1983 (men, UP = 7%; women, UP = 6%).
The aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and FFM of 1998 recruits is comparable to or greater than that of 1978 and 1983 recruits; however, 1998 recruits tended to have more BW and a greater %BF.]]></description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anthropometry</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Military Personnel - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Fitness</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>South Carolina - epidemiology</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports</subject><issn>0195-9131</issn><issn>1530-0315</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkM9PwyAUgInRuDn9FwwXvXXyoC3gzSz-Skw86M6EFupqWlqhi9l_L9uqO8oLPCDfe4QPIQxkDkTyGxJHxnORUEJoDEKSOGl-hKaQsXhgkB2jKQGZJRIYTNBZCJ8R4YzBKZoACCpoKqZouejaXvs6dA53FR5WFverTahL3eCqHpwNYXvfWoe1M_i72-6sG6yv3ccOX87f5lj7dnOLQXKRgJTiHJ1Uugn2YswztHy4f188JS-vj8-Lu5ekTCkdEptVIHhKGRHaUC4ZCEm5zq0xFaVcEElJDnlhudGyKMBoWti4poYaYkpgM3S979v77mttw6DaOpS2abSz3TooDmnszsm_IAhGcs7SCIo9WPouBG8r1fu61X6jgKite_XrXv25Vzv3sfRyfGNdtNYcCkfZEbgaAR2i38prV9bhwLE0_jhj7AenT4jv</recordid><startdate>20020201</startdate><enddate>20020201</enddate><creator>SHARP, Marilyn A</creator><creator>PATTON, John F</creator><creator>KNAPIK, Joseph J</creator><creator>HAURET, Keith</creator><creator>MELLO, Robert P</creator><creator>ITO, Max</creator><creator>FRYKMAN, Peter N</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020201</creationdate><title>Comparison of the physical fitness of men and women entering the U.S. army: 1978-1998</title><author>SHARP, Marilyn A ; PATTON, John F ; KNAPIK, Joseph J ; HAURET, Keith ; MELLO, Robert P ; ITO, Max ; FRYKMAN, Peter N</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-e5f18742308ad279318927a6eddf22780920616be7da9bb1da2be1da4d2d0dc13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anthropometry</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Military Personnel - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Fitness</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>South Carolina - epidemiology</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>SHARP, Marilyn A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PATTON, John F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KNAPIK, Joseph J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HAURET, Keith</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MELLO, Robert P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ITO, Max</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FRYKMAN, Peter N</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Medicine and science in sports and exercise</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>SHARP, Marilyn A</au><au>PATTON, John F</au><au>KNAPIK, Joseph J</au><au>HAURET, Keith</au><au>MELLO, Robert P</au><au>ITO, Max</au><au>FRYKMAN, Peter N</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparison of the physical fitness of men and women entering the U.S. army: 1978-1998</atitle><jtitle>Medicine and science in sports and exercise</jtitle><addtitle>Med Sci Sports Exerc</addtitle><date>2002-02-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>356</spage><epage>363</epage><pages>356-363</pages><issn>0195-9131</issn><eissn>1530-0315</eissn><coden>MSPEDA</coden><abstract><![CDATA[To compare the physical fitness levels of recruits entering the U.S. Army in 1998 to those entering in 1978 and 1983.
In 1998, 182 men and 168 women were tested before beginning basic training at Fort Jackson, SC. The measurements were 1) skin-fold estimation of percent body fat (%BF); 2) maximum oxygen uptake by treadmill running (VO2max); and 3) upper-body (UB), lower-body (LB), and upright pulling (UP) isometric strength. These data were compared to data from basic trainees at Fort Jackson in 1978 (skin folds, VO2max, UB, and LB) and 1983 (skin folds and UP).
Body weight (BW) of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 12%; women, 6%) and 1983 recruits (men, 8%; women, 7%). %BF of 1998 recruits was greater (P < 0.05) than 1978 recruits (men, 15%; women, 5%) and 1983 recruits (men, 15%; women, 17%). The 1998 men had more fat-free mass (FFM) (P < 0.05) than men in 1978 (8%) or 1983 (5%), whereas 1998 women were only different from those measured in 1978 (4%, P < 0.05). The VO2max of men (50.6 +/- 6.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was equivalent to men in 1978, whereas that of women (39.7 +/- 5.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was 6% greater (P < 0.05). The 1998 recruits were stronger (P < 0.05) on all measures of muscle strength than recruits measured in 1978 (men, UB = 16%, LB = 12%; women, UB = 18%, LB = 6%) and 1983 (men, UP = 7%; women, UP = 6%).
The aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and FFM of 1998 recruits is comparable to or greater than that of 1978 and 1983 recruits; however, 1998 recruits tended to have more BW and a greater %BF.]]></abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</pub><pmid>11828248</pmid><doi>10.1097/00005768-200202000-00026</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2002-02, Vol.34 (2), p.356-363 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Journals@Ovid LWW Legacy Archive; Journals@Ovid Complete |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Anthropometry Biological and medical sciences Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Male Military Personnel - statistics & numerical data Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Oxygen Consumption - physiology Physical Fitness Sex Factors South Carolina - epidemiology Space life sciences Time Factors Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports |
| title | Comparison of the physical fitness of men and women entering the U.S. army: 1978-1998 |
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