Activation of β-Catenin Signaling in Differentiated Mammary Secretory Cells Induces Transdifferentiation into Epidermis and Squamous Metaplasias
Mammary anlagen are formed in the embryo as a derivative of the epidermis, a process that is controlled by Lef-1 and therefore possibly by β-catenin. To investigate the role of β-catenin signaling in mammary alveolar epithelium, we have stabilized endogenous β-catenin in differentiating alveolar epi...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2002-01, Vol.99 (1), p.219-224 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 224 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 219 |
| container_title | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS |
| container_volume | 99 |
| creator | Miyoshi, Keiko Shillingford, Jonathan M. Le Provost, Fabienne Gounari, Fotini Bronson, Roderick von Boehmer, Harald Taketo, Makoto M. Cardiff, Robert D. Hennighausen, Lothar Khazaie, Khashayarsha |
| description | Mammary anlagen are formed in the embryo as a derivative of the epidermis, a process that is controlled by Lef-1 and therefore possibly by β-catenin. To investigate the role of β-catenin signaling in mammary alveolar epithelium, we have stabilized endogenous β-catenin in differentiating alveolar epithelium through the deletion of exon 3 (amino acids 5-80) of the β-catenin gene. This task was accomplished in mice carrying a floxed β-catenin gene and a Cre transgene under control of the mammary-specific whey acidic protein (WAP) gene promoter or the mouse mammary tumor virus-long terminal repeat (MMTV-LTR). Stabilized β-catenin was obtained during the first pregnancy, and its presence resulted in the dedifferentiation of alveolar epithelium followed by a transdifferentiation into epidermal and pilar structures. Extensive squamous metaplasia, but no adenocarcinomas, developed upon β-catenin activation during pregnancy and persisted throughout involution. These data demonstrate that the activation of β-catenin signaling induces a program that results in loss of mammary epithelial cell differentiation and induction of epidermal structures. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.012414099 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>jstor_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_71357289</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>3057519</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>3057519</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-47d96ddc31c2452bf453538f2858d9d2a756ac40e0e832d89fd3ee49d3240a3d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFUstuEzEUtRCIhsCWFUIWEuwm-BmPFyyqUKBSKxYpa8u1PcHRjJ3ango-g1_hQ_gmPDSkhQWsbOs8dM_1AeApRguMBH29CzovECYMMyTlPTDDSOJmySS6D2YIEdG0jLAj8CjnLUJI8hY9BEcYC0GXWM7At2NT_LUuPgYYO_jje7PSxQUf4Npvgu592MD6eOu7ziUXiq-ohed6GHT6CtfOJFdiva1c32d4GuxoXIYXSYds72gmex9KhCc7b10afIY6WLi-GvUQxwzPXdG7Xmev82PwoNN9dk_25xx8endysfrQnH18f7o6PmsMx7w0TFi5tNZQbAjj5LJjnHLadqTlrZWWaMGX2jDkkGspsa3sLHWOSUsJQ5paOgdvbnx34-XgrKmDJt2rXfJTNBW1V38iwX9Wm3it6vI4I1X_aq9P8Wp0uaiaytQ16OBqJCUw5YK08r9E3BIiBWsr8cVfxG0cU_2ErAjCtP5vzTgHixuSSTHn5LrDxBipqRJqqoQ6VKIKnt_NeUvfd6ASnu0Jk_A3LKXCivyCX_4DVt3Y98V9Kbc221wbcSBSxAWvNj8BUD3W1A</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>201309945</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Activation of β-Catenin Signaling in Differentiated Mammary Secretory Cells Induces Transdifferentiation into Epidermis and Squamous Metaplasias</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Miyoshi, Keiko ; Shillingford, Jonathan M. ; Le Provost, Fabienne ; Gounari, Fotini ; Bronson, Roderick ; von Boehmer, Harald ; Taketo, Makoto M. ; Cardiff, Robert D. ; Hennighausen, Lothar ; Khazaie, Khashayarsha</creator><creatorcontrib>Miyoshi, Keiko ; Shillingford, Jonathan M. ; Le Provost, Fabienne ; Gounari, Fotini ; Bronson, Roderick ; von Boehmer, Harald ; Taketo, Makoto M. ; Cardiff, Robert D. ; Hennighausen, Lothar ; Khazaie, Khashayarsha</creatorcontrib><description>Mammary anlagen are formed in the embryo as a derivative of the epidermis, a process that is controlled by Lef-1 and therefore possibly by β-catenin. To investigate the role of β-catenin signaling in mammary alveolar epithelium, we have stabilized endogenous β-catenin in differentiating alveolar epithelium through the deletion of exon 3 (amino acids 5-80) of the β-catenin gene. This task was accomplished in mice carrying a floxed β-catenin gene and a Cre transgene under control of the mammary-specific whey acidic protein (WAP) gene promoter or the mouse mammary tumor virus-long terminal repeat (MMTV-LTR). Stabilized β-catenin was obtained during the first pregnancy, and its presence resulted in the dedifferentiation of alveolar epithelium followed by a transdifferentiation into epidermal and pilar structures. Extensive squamous metaplasia, but no adenocarcinomas, developed upon β-catenin activation during pregnancy and persisted throughout involution. These data demonstrate that the activation of β-catenin signaling induces a program that results in loss of mammary epithelial cell differentiation and induction of epidermal structures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.012414099</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11773619</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism ; Animals ; b-catenin ; beta Catenin ; Biological Sciences ; Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cellular biology ; Cytoplasm - metabolism ; Cytoskeletal Proteins - biosynthesis ; Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics ; Cytoskeletal Proteins - metabolism ; Embryos ; Epidermal cells ; Epidermis ; Epidermis - cytology ; Epidermis - embryology ; Epithelium ; Exons ; Gene Deletion ; Genetics ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; Lactation ; Mammary glands ; Metaplasia ; Metaplasia - metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Milk Proteins - genetics ; Models, Biological ; Pregnancy ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Signal Transduction ; Studies ; Time Factors ; Trans-Activators</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2002-01, Vol.99 (1), p.219-224</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1993-2002 National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Jan 8, 2002</rights><rights>Copyright © 2002, The National Academy of Sciences 2002</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-47d96ddc31c2452bf453538f2858d9d2a756ac40e0e832d89fd3ee49d3240a3d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-47d96ddc31c2452bf453538f2858d9d2a756ac40e0e832d89fd3ee49d3240a3d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/99/1.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3057519$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3057519$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,803,885,27924,27925,53791,53793,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11773619$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Miyoshi, Keiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shillingford, Jonathan M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le Provost, Fabienne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gounari, Fotini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bronson, Roderick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Boehmer, Harald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taketo, Makoto M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cardiff, Robert D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hennighausen, Lothar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khazaie, Khashayarsha</creatorcontrib><title>Activation of β-Catenin Signaling in Differentiated Mammary Secretory Cells Induces Transdifferentiation into Epidermis and Squamous Metaplasias</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Mammary anlagen are formed in the embryo as a derivative of the epidermis, a process that is controlled by Lef-1 and therefore possibly by β-catenin. To investigate the role of β-catenin signaling in mammary alveolar epithelium, we have stabilized endogenous β-catenin in differentiating alveolar epithelium through the deletion of exon 3 (amino acids 5-80) of the β-catenin gene. This task was accomplished in mice carrying a floxed β-catenin gene and a Cre transgene under control of the mammary-specific whey acidic protein (WAP) gene promoter or the mouse mammary tumor virus-long terminal repeat (MMTV-LTR). Stabilized β-catenin was obtained during the first pregnancy, and its presence resulted in the dedifferentiation of alveolar epithelium followed by a transdifferentiation into epidermal and pilar structures. Extensive squamous metaplasia, but no adenocarcinomas, developed upon β-catenin activation during pregnancy and persisted throughout involution. These data demonstrate that the activation of β-catenin signaling induces a program that results in loss of mammary epithelial cell differentiation and induction of epidermal structures.</description><subject>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>b-catenin</subject><subject>beta Catenin</subject><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subject>Blotting, Western</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism</subject><subject>Cell Differentiation</subject><subject>Cellular biology</subject><subject>Cytoplasm - metabolism</subject><subject>Cytoskeletal Proteins - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Cytoskeletal Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Embryos</subject><subject>Epidermal cells</subject><subject>Epidermis</subject><subject>Epidermis - cytology</subject><subject>Epidermis - embryology</subject><subject>Epithelium</subject><subject>Exons</subject><subject>Gene Deletion</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Keratins</subject><subject>Lactation</subject><subject>Mammary glands</subject><subject>Metaplasia</subject><subject>Metaplasia - metabolism</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Transgenic</subject><subject>Microscopy, Fluorescence</subject><subject>Milk Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Promoter Regions, Genetic</subject><subject>Signal Transduction</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Trans-Activators</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUstuEzEUtRCIhsCWFUIWEuwm-BmPFyyqUKBSKxYpa8u1PcHRjJ3ango-g1_hQ_gmPDSkhQWsbOs8dM_1AeApRguMBH29CzovECYMMyTlPTDDSOJmySS6D2YIEdG0jLAj8CjnLUJI8hY9BEcYC0GXWM7At2NT_LUuPgYYO_jje7PSxQUf4Npvgu592MD6eOu7ziUXiq-ohed6GHT6CtfOJFdiva1c32d4GuxoXIYXSYds72gmex9KhCc7b10afIY6WLi-GvUQxwzPXdG7Xmev82PwoNN9dk_25xx8endysfrQnH18f7o6PmsMx7w0TFi5tNZQbAjj5LJjnHLadqTlrZWWaMGX2jDkkGspsa3sLHWOSUsJQ5paOgdvbnx34-XgrKmDJt2rXfJTNBW1V38iwX9Wm3it6vI4I1X_aq9P8Wp0uaiaytQ16OBqJCUw5YK08r9E3BIiBWsr8cVfxG0cU_2ErAjCtP5vzTgHixuSSTHn5LrDxBipqRJqqoQ6VKIKnt_NeUvfd6ASnu0Jk_A3LKXCivyCX_4DVt3Y98V9Kbc221wbcSBSxAWvNj8BUD3W1A</recordid><startdate>20020108</startdate><enddate>20020108</enddate><creator>Miyoshi, Keiko</creator><creator>Shillingford, Jonathan M.</creator><creator>Le Provost, Fabienne</creator><creator>Gounari, Fotini</creator><creator>Bronson, Roderick</creator><creator>von Boehmer, Harald</creator><creator>Taketo, Makoto M.</creator><creator>Cardiff, Robert D.</creator><creator>Hennighausen, Lothar</creator><creator>Khazaie, Khashayarsha</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><general>National Acad Sciences</general><general>The National Academy of Sciences</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020108</creationdate><title>Activation of β-Catenin Signaling in Differentiated Mammary Secretory Cells Induces Transdifferentiation into Epidermis and Squamous Metaplasias</title><author>Miyoshi, Keiko ; Shillingford, Jonathan M. ; Le Provost, Fabienne ; Gounari, Fotini ; Bronson, Roderick ; von Boehmer, Harald ; Taketo, Makoto M. ; Cardiff, Robert D. ; Hennighausen, Lothar ; Khazaie, Khashayarsha</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-47d96ddc31c2452bf453538f2858d9d2a756ac40e0e832d89fd3ee49d3240a3d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>b-catenin</topic><topic>beta Catenin</topic><topic>Biological Sciences</topic><topic>Blotting, Western</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism</topic><topic>Cell Differentiation</topic><topic>Cellular biology</topic><topic>Cytoplasm - metabolism</topic><topic>Cytoskeletal Proteins - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Cytoskeletal Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Embryos</topic><topic>Epidermal cells</topic><topic>Epidermis</topic><topic>Epidermis - cytology</topic><topic>Epidermis - embryology</topic><topic>Epithelium</topic><topic>Exons</topic><topic>Gene Deletion</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Keratins</topic><topic>Lactation</topic><topic>Mammary glands</topic><topic>Metaplasia</topic><topic>Metaplasia - metabolism</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Transgenic</topic><topic>Microscopy, Fluorescence</topic><topic>Milk Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Promoter Regions, Genetic</topic><topic>Signal Transduction</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Trans-Activators</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Miyoshi, Keiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shillingford, Jonathan M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le Provost, Fabienne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gounari, Fotini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bronson, Roderick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Boehmer, Harald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taketo, Makoto M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cardiff, Robert D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hennighausen, Lothar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khazaie, Khashayarsha</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Miyoshi, Keiko</au><au>Shillingford, Jonathan M.</au><au>Le Provost, Fabienne</au><au>Gounari, Fotini</au><au>Bronson, Roderick</au><au>von Boehmer, Harald</au><au>Taketo, Makoto M.</au><au>Cardiff, Robert D.</au><au>Hennighausen, Lothar</au><au>Khazaie, Khashayarsha</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Activation of β-Catenin Signaling in Differentiated Mammary Secretory Cells Induces Transdifferentiation into Epidermis and Squamous Metaplasias</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>2002-01-08</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>99</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>219</spage><epage>224</epage><pages>219-224</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><abstract>Mammary anlagen are formed in the embryo as a derivative of the epidermis, a process that is controlled by Lef-1 and therefore possibly by β-catenin. To investigate the role of β-catenin signaling in mammary alveolar epithelium, we have stabilized endogenous β-catenin in differentiating alveolar epithelium through the deletion of exon 3 (amino acids 5-80) of the β-catenin gene. This task was accomplished in mice carrying a floxed β-catenin gene and a Cre transgene under control of the mammary-specific whey acidic protein (WAP) gene promoter or the mouse mammary tumor virus-long terminal repeat (MMTV-LTR). Stabilized β-catenin was obtained during the first pregnancy, and its presence resulted in the dedifferentiation of alveolar epithelium followed by a transdifferentiation into epidermal and pilar structures. Extensive squamous metaplasia, but no adenocarcinomas, developed upon β-catenin activation during pregnancy and persisted throughout involution. These data demonstrate that the activation of β-catenin signaling induces a program that results in loss of mammary epithelial cell differentiation and induction of epidermal structures.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>11773619</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.012414099</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0027-8424 |
| ispartof | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2002-01, Vol.99 (1), p.219-224 |
| issn | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_71357289 |
| source | MEDLINE; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adenocarcinoma - metabolism Animals b-catenin beta Catenin Biological Sciences Blotting, Western Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism Cell Differentiation Cellular biology Cytoplasm - metabolism Cytoskeletal Proteins - biosynthesis Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics Cytoskeletal Proteins - metabolism Embryos Epidermal cells Epidermis Epidermis - cytology Epidermis - embryology Epithelium Exons Gene Deletion Genetics Immunohistochemistry Keratins Lactation Mammary glands Metaplasia Metaplasia - metabolism Mice Mice, Transgenic Microscopy, Fluorescence Milk Proteins - genetics Models, Biological Pregnancy Promoter Regions, Genetic Signal Transduction Studies Time Factors Trans-Activators |
| title | Activation of β-Catenin Signaling in Differentiated Mammary Secretory Cells Induces Transdifferentiation into Epidermis and Squamous Metaplasias |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-26T05%3A20%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Activation%20of%20%CE%B2-Catenin%20Signaling%20in%20Differentiated%20Mammary%20Secretory%20Cells%20Induces%20Transdifferentiation%20into%20Epidermis%20and%20Squamous%20Metaplasias&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%20-%20PNAS&rft.au=Miyoshi,%20Keiko&rft.date=2002-01-08&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=219&rft.epage=224&rft.pages=219-224&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft.eissn=1091-6490&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073/pnas.012414099&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_proqu%3E3057519%3C/jstor_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=201309945&rft_id=info:pmid/11773619&rft_jstor_id=3057519&rfr_iscdi=true |