Twenty‐minute 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test without test meal for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese

Background: We have previously shown that the 75 mg 13C‐urea breath test without citrate test meal is highly accurate for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese subjects. A lower dose 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test protocol with a sampling time at 20 min has not been validated previously. Aim: To investigate the accuracy of a 20‐min 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test protocol in Chinese subjects. Methods: Consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for upper endoscopy were recruited. 13C‐urea breath test was performed using (a) 75 mg and 50 mg of 13C‐urea on two separate days without a test meal, and (b) 50 mg of 13C‐urea with 2.4 g citrate as test meal, and compared with the gold standard [rapid urease test (CLO test) and histology]. Baseline, 20‐min and 30‐min breath samples were collected in all cases. Results: Two hundred and six patients were tested. The accuracy of the 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test (no citrate) at 20 min and 30 min was 98%, comparable to that of the 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test with citrate (99.1%) and the 75 mg 13C‐urea breath test without citrate (100%). Conclusions: A 20‐min 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test without citrate produced highly accurate results for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and is more economical and convenient for the Chinese population.