Estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and crosstalk in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells

Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells express the estrogen receptor (ER), and this study investigates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk in this cell line. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with the AhR agonist [ 3H]2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) gave a rad...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology 2000-04, Vol.72 (5), p.197-207
Hauptverfasser: Wormke, Mark, Castro-Rivera, Emely, Chen, Ichen, Safe, Stephen
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 207
container_issue 5
container_start_page 197
container_title The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology
container_volume 72
creator Wormke, Mark
Castro-Rivera, Emely
Chen, Ichen
Safe, Stephen
description Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells express the estrogen receptor (ER), and this study investigates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk in this cell line. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with the AhR agonist [ 3H]2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) gave a radiolabeled nuclear complex that sedimented at 6.0 S in sucrose density gradients, and Western blot analysis confirmed that Ishikawa cells expressed human AhR and AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) proteins. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with 10 nM TCDD induced a 9.7-fold increase in CYP1A1-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and a 10.5-fold increase in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in cells transfected with pRNH11c containing an Ah-responsive human CYP1A1 gene promoter insert (−1142 to +2434). Inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk was investigated in Ishikawa cells using E2-induced cell proliferation and transcriptional activation assays in cells transfected with E2-responsive constructs containing promoter inserts from the progesterone receptor and vitellogenin A2 genes. AhR agonists including TCDD, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran, inhibited 32–47% of the E2-induced responses. In contrast, neither estrogen nor progesterone inhibited EROD activity induced by TCDD in Ishikawa cells, whereas inhibitory ER-AhR crosstalk was observed in ECC-1 endometrial cells suggesting that these interactions were cell context-dependent.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00030-3
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_71132960</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0960076000000303</els_id><sourcerecordid>71132960</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-92fcd7fe882d12317cc4112fa3476d27848d187e906c2975c2ac493e8b3eef133</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkc1O3DAURq2qqAzTPgKVF1VFF2mvfxInK4QQUCQkFm3Xlse-YQxJPLUzFN4eh4wKOyRL3pxrf_d8hBwy-M6AVT9-QVNBAaqCI4BvACCgEO_IgtWqKRjn8J4s_iP75CCl2wkSTH0g-wzqTECzILdnaYzhBgdqBkdNfOzo-tHFYE1chYFGtLgZQ6T4sImYkg8zaGNIaTTdHfUDXW97M9DLtPZ35p-hOLjQ4xi96ag1g8VILXZd-kj2WtMl_LS7l-TP-dnv05_F1fXF5enJVWElZ2PR8NY61WJdc8d4zmutZIy3RkhVOa5qWbu8JDZQWd6o0nJjZSOwXgnElgmxJF_ndzcx_N1iGnXv05TADBi2SSvGBM9m3gSZKmU5OVuScgaf147Y6k30fZalGeipDf3chp5Ua5hObkNPc593H2xXPbpXU7P-DHzZASZZ07Ux6_LphZMSallm7HjGMGu79xh1sh6zWedzQaN2wb-R5Al8Mqbm</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>17545003</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and crosstalk in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete</source><creator>Wormke, Mark ; Castro-Rivera, Emely ; Chen, Ichen ; Safe, Stephen</creator><creatorcontrib>Wormke, Mark ; Castro-Rivera, Emely ; Chen, Ichen ; Safe, Stephen</creatorcontrib><description>Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells express the estrogen receptor (ER), and this study investigates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk in this cell line. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with the AhR agonist [ 3H]2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) gave a radiolabeled nuclear complex that sedimented at 6.0 S in sucrose density gradients, and Western blot analysis confirmed that Ishikawa cells expressed human AhR and AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) proteins. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with 10 nM TCDD induced a 9.7-fold increase in CYP1A1-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and a 10.5-fold increase in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in cells transfected with pRNH11c containing an Ah-responsive human CYP1A1 gene promoter insert (−1142 to +2434). Inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk was investigated in Ishikawa cells using E2-induced cell proliferation and transcriptional activation assays in cells transfected with E2-responsive constructs containing promoter inserts from the progesterone receptor and vitellogenin A2 genes. AhR agonists including TCDD, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran, inhibited 32–47% of the E2-induced responses. In contrast, neither estrogen nor progesterone inhibited EROD activity induced by TCDD in Ishikawa cells, whereas inhibitory ER-AhR crosstalk was observed in ECC-1 endometrial cells suggesting that these interactions were cell context-dependent.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-0760</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1220</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00030-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10822009</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adenocarcinoma - drug therapy ; Adenocarcinoma - genetics ; Adenocarcinoma - metabolism ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator ; aryl hydrocarbon receptors ; Benzo(a)pyrene - pharmacology ; Benzofurans - pharmacology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - drug effects ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - genetics ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - drug effects ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Endometrial Neoplasms - drug therapy ; Endometrial Neoplasms - genetics ; Endometrial Neoplasms - metabolism ; Estradiol - pharmacology ; Female ; Female genital diseases ; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics ; Humans ; Medical sciences ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - agonists ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - genetics ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen - drug effects ; Receptors, Estrogen - genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone - drug effects ; Receptors, Progesterone - genetics ; Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism ; Transcription Factors - drug effects ; Transcription Factors - metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2000-04, Vol.72 (5), p.197-207</ispartof><rights>2000 Elsevier Science Ltd</rights><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-92fcd7fe882d12317cc4112fa3476d27848d187e906c2975c2ac493e8b3eef133</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-92fcd7fe882d12317cc4112fa3476d27848d187e906c2975c2ac493e8b3eef133</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00030-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=1440845$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10822009$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wormke, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castro-Rivera, Emely</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ichen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safe, Stephen</creatorcontrib><title>Estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and crosstalk in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells</title><title>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology</title><addtitle>J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol</addtitle><description>Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells express the estrogen receptor (ER), and this study investigates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk in this cell line. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with the AhR agonist [ 3H]2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) gave a radiolabeled nuclear complex that sedimented at 6.0 S in sucrose density gradients, and Western blot analysis confirmed that Ishikawa cells expressed human AhR and AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) proteins. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with 10 nM TCDD induced a 9.7-fold increase in CYP1A1-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and a 10.5-fold increase in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in cells transfected with pRNH11c containing an Ah-responsive human CYP1A1 gene promoter insert (−1142 to +2434). Inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk was investigated in Ishikawa cells using E2-induced cell proliferation and transcriptional activation assays in cells transfected with E2-responsive constructs containing promoter inserts from the progesterone receptor and vitellogenin A2 genes. AhR agonists including TCDD, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran, inhibited 32–47% of the E2-induced responses. In contrast, neither estrogen nor progesterone inhibited EROD activity induced by TCDD in Ishikawa cells, whereas inhibitory ER-AhR crosstalk was observed in ECC-1 endometrial cells suggesting that these interactions were cell context-dependent.</description><subject>Adenocarcinoma - drug therapy</subject><subject>Adenocarcinoma - genetics</subject><subject>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism</subject><subject>Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator</subject><subject>aryl hydrocarbon receptors</subject><subject>Benzo(a)pyrene - pharmacology</subject><subject>Benzofurans - pharmacology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - drug effects</subject><subject>Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - genetics</subject><subject>Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - metabolism</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - drug effects</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - genetics</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism</subject><subject>DNA-Binding Proteins</subject><subject>Endometrial Neoplasms - drug therapy</subject><subject>Endometrial Neoplasms - genetics</subject><subject>Endometrial Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Estradiol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Female genital diseases</subject><subject>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Promoter Regions, Genetic</subject><subject>Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - agonists</subject><subject>Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - drug effects</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, Progesterone - drug effects</subject><subject>Receptors, Progesterone - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - drug effects</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><subject>Transcription, Genetic</subject><subject>Tumor Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><issn>0960-0760</issn><issn>1879-1220</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1O3DAURq2qqAzTPgKVF1VFF2mvfxInK4QQUCQkFm3Xlse-YQxJPLUzFN4eh4wKOyRL3pxrf_d8hBwy-M6AVT9-QVNBAaqCI4BvACCgEO_IgtWqKRjn8J4s_iP75CCl2wkSTH0g-wzqTECzILdnaYzhBgdqBkdNfOzo-tHFYE1chYFGtLgZQ6T4sImYkg8zaGNIaTTdHfUDXW97M9DLtPZ35p-hOLjQ4xi96ag1g8VILXZd-kj2WtMl_LS7l-TP-dnv05_F1fXF5enJVWElZ2PR8NY61WJdc8d4zmutZIy3RkhVOa5qWbu8JDZQWd6o0nJjZSOwXgnElgmxJF_ndzcx_N1iGnXv05TADBi2SSvGBM9m3gSZKmU5OVuScgaf147Y6k30fZalGeipDf3chp5Ua5hObkNPc593H2xXPbpXU7P-DHzZASZZ07Ux6_LphZMSallm7HjGMGu79xh1sh6zWedzQaN2wb-R5Al8Mqbm</recordid><startdate>20000401</startdate><enddate>20000401</enddate><creator>Wormke, Mark</creator><creator>Castro-Rivera, Emely</creator><creator>Chen, Ichen</creator><creator>Safe, Stephen</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20000401</creationdate><title>Estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and crosstalk in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells</title><author>Wormke, Mark ; Castro-Rivera, Emely ; Chen, Ichen ; Safe, Stephen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-92fcd7fe882d12317cc4112fa3476d27848d187e906c2975c2ac493e8b3eef133</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Adenocarcinoma - drug therapy</topic><topic>Adenocarcinoma - genetics</topic><topic>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism</topic><topic>Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator</topic><topic>aryl hydrocarbon receptors</topic><topic>Benzo(a)pyrene - pharmacology</topic><topic>Benzofurans - pharmacology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - drug effects</topic><topic>Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - genetics</topic><topic>Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - metabolism</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - drug effects</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - genetics</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism</topic><topic>DNA-Binding Proteins</topic><topic>Endometrial Neoplasms - drug therapy</topic><topic>Endometrial Neoplasms - genetics</topic><topic>Endometrial Neoplasms - metabolism</topic><topic>Estradiol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Female genital diseases</topic><topic>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Promoter Regions, Genetic</topic><topic>Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - agonists</topic><topic>Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - drug effects</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptors, Progesterone - drug effects</topic><topic>Receptors, Progesterone - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism</topic><topic>Transcription Factors - drug effects</topic><topic>Transcription Factors - metabolism</topic><topic>Transcription, Genetic</topic><topic>Tumor Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wormke, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castro-Rivera, Emely</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ichen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safe, Stephen</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wormke, Mark</au><au>Castro-Rivera, Emely</au><au>Chen, Ichen</au><au>Safe, Stephen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and crosstalk in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology</jtitle><addtitle>J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol</addtitle><date>2000-04-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>197</spage><epage>207</epage><pages>197-207</pages><issn>0960-0760</issn><eissn>1879-1220</eissn><abstract>Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells express the estrogen receptor (ER), and this study investigates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk in this cell line. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with the AhR agonist [ 3H]2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) gave a radiolabeled nuclear complex that sedimented at 6.0 S in sucrose density gradients, and Western blot analysis confirmed that Ishikawa cells expressed human AhR and AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) proteins. Treatment of Ishikawa cells with 10 nM TCDD induced a 9.7-fold increase in CYP1A1-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and a 10.5-fold increase in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in cells transfected with pRNH11c containing an Ah-responsive human CYP1A1 gene promoter insert (−1142 to +2434). Inhibitory AhR–ER crosstalk was investigated in Ishikawa cells using E2-induced cell proliferation and transcriptional activation assays in cells transfected with E2-responsive constructs containing promoter inserts from the progesterone receptor and vitellogenin A2 genes. AhR agonists including TCDD, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran, inhibited 32–47% of the E2-induced responses. In contrast, neither estrogen nor progesterone inhibited EROD activity induced by TCDD in Ishikawa cells, whereas inhibitory ER-AhR crosstalk was observed in ECC-1 endometrial cells suggesting that these interactions were cell context-dependent.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>10822009</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00030-3</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0960-0760
ispartof The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2000-04, Vol.72 (5), p.197-207
issn 0960-0760
1879-1220
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_71132960
source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
subjects Adenocarcinoma - drug therapy
Adenocarcinoma - genetics
Adenocarcinoma - metabolism
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator
aryl hydrocarbon receptors
Benzo(a)pyrene - pharmacology
Benzofurans - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - drug effects
Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - genetics
Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - metabolism
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - drug effects
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - genetics
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism
DNA-Binding Proteins
Endometrial Neoplasms - drug therapy
Endometrial Neoplasms - genetics
Endometrial Neoplasms - metabolism
Estradiol - pharmacology
Female
Female genital diseases
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Medical sciences
Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacology
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - agonists
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - genetics
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - metabolism
Receptors, Estrogen - drug effects
Receptors, Estrogen - genetics
Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism
Receptors, Progesterone - drug effects
Receptors, Progesterone - genetics
Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism
Transcription Factors - drug effects
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription, Genetic
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Tumors
title Estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and crosstalk in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-26T08%3A17%3A51IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Estrogen%20and%20aryl%20hydrocarbon%20receptor%20expression%20and%20crosstalk%20in%20human%20Ishikawa%20endometrial%20cancer%20cells&rft.jtitle=The%20Journal%20of%20steroid%20biochemistry%20and%20molecular%20biology&rft.au=Wormke,%20Mark&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=197&rft.epage=207&rft.pages=197-207&rft.issn=0960-0760&rft.eissn=1879-1220&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00030-3&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E71132960%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=17545003&rft_id=info:pmid/10822009&rft_els_id=S0960076000000303&rfr_iscdi=true