Transition of Mount Etna lavas from a mantle-plume to an island-arc magmatic source
Mount Etna lies near the boundary between two regions that exhibit significantly different types of volcanism. To the north, volcanism in the Aeolian island arc is thought to be related to subduction of the Ionian lithosphere. On Sicily itself, however, no chemical or seismological evidence of subdu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature (London) 2001-08, Vol.412 (6850), p.900-904 |
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| creator | Schiano, Pierre Busà, Tiziana Ottolini, Luisa Clocchiatti, Roberto |
| description | Mount Etna lies near the boundary between two regions that exhibit significantly different types of volcanism. To the north, volcanism in the Aeolian island arc is thought to be related to subduction of the Ionian lithosphere. On Sicily itself, however, no chemical or seismological evidence of subduction-related volcanism exists, and so it is thought that the volcanism-including that on Mount Etna itself-stems from the upwelling of mantle material, associated with various surface tectonic processes. But the paucity of geological evidence regarding the primary composition of magma from Mount Etna means that its source characteristics remain controversial. Here we characterize the trace-element composition of a series of lavas emitted by Mount Etna over the past 500 kyr and preserved as melt inclusions inside olivine phenocrysts. We show that the compositional change in primary magmas from Mount Etna reflects a progressive transition from a predominantly mantle-plume source to one with a greater contribution from island-arc (subduction-related) basalts. We suggest that this is associated with southward migration of the Ionian slab, which is becoming juxtaposed with a mantle plume beneath Sicily. This implies that the volcanism of Mount Etna has become more calc-alkaline, and hence more explosive, during its evolution. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/35091056 |
| format | Article |
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To the north, volcanism in the Aeolian island arc is thought to be related to subduction of the Ionian lithosphere. On Sicily itself, however, no chemical or seismological evidence of subduction-related volcanism exists, and so it is thought that the volcanism-including that on Mount Etna itself-stems from the upwelling of mantle material, associated with various surface tectonic processes. But the paucity of geological evidence regarding the primary composition of magma from Mount Etna means that its source characteristics remain controversial. Here we characterize the trace-element composition of a series of lavas emitted by Mount Etna over the past 500 kyr and preserved as melt inclusions inside olivine phenocrysts. We show that the compositional change in primary magmas from Mount Etna reflects a progressive transition from a predominantly mantle-plume source to one with a greater contribution from island-arc (subduction-related) basalts. We suggest that this is associated with southward migration of the Ionian slab, which is becoming juxtaposed with a mantle plume beneath Sicily. This implies that the volcanism of Mount Etna has become more calc-alkaline, and hence more explosive, during its evolution.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/35091056</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11528476</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NATUAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Basalt ; Chemical elements ; Crystalline rocks ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; Geochemistry ; Geology ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Igneous and metamorphic rocks petrology, volcanic processes, magmas ; Island arcs ; Lava ; letter ; Lithosphere ; Marine ; multidisciplinary ; Plate tectonics ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Soil and rock geochemistry ; Trace elements ; Upwelling ; Volcanoes</subject><ispartof>Nature (London), 2001-08, Vol.412 (6850), p.900-904</ispartof><rights>Macmillan Magazines Ltd. 2001</rights><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2001 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Macmillan Journals Ltd. 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We suggest that this is associated with southward migration of the Ionian slab, which is becoming juxtaposed with a mantle plume beneath Sicily. 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the boundary between two regions that exhibit significantly different types of volcanism. To the north, volcanism in the Aeolian island arc is thought to be related to subduction of the Ionian lithosphere. On Sicily itself, however, no chemical or seismological evidence of subduction-related volcanism exists, and so it is thought that the volcanism-including that on Mount Etna itself-stems from the upwelling of mantle material, associated with various surface tectonic processes. But the paucity of geological evidence regarding the primary composition of magma from Mount Etna means that its source characteristics remain controversial. Here we characterize the trace-element composition of a series of lavas emitted by Mount Etna over the past 500 kyr and preserved as melt inclusions inside olivine phenocrysts. We show that the compositional change in primary magmas from Mount Etna reflects a progressive transition from a predominantly mantle-plume source to one with a greater contribution from island-arc (subduction-related) basalts. We suggest that this is associated with southward migration of the Ionian slab, which is becoming juxtaposed with a mantle plume beneath Sicily. This implies that the volcanism of Mount Etna has become more calc-alkaline, and hence more explosive, during its evolution.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>11528476</pmid><doi>10.1038/35091056</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Nature; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Basalt Chemical elements Crystalline rocks Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Geochemistry Geology Humanities and Social Sciences Igneous and metamorphic rocks petrology, volcanic processes, magmas Island arcs Lava letter Lithosphere Marine multidisciplinary Plate tectonics Science Science (multidisciplinary) Soil and rock geochemistry Trace elements Upwelling Volcanoes |
| title | Transition of Mount Etna lavas from a mantle-plume to an island-arc magmatic source |
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