Aldosterone induces angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes

The cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated in failing hearts in proportion to the severity of the disease. We hypothesized that a positive feedback mechanism might exist within this system and contribute to the progression of the heart failure. Methods and Results-- To test this h...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Circulation (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2001-07, Vol.104 (2), p.137-139
Hauptverfasser: HARADA, Eisaku, YOSHIMURA, Michihiro, NAKAMURA, Shota, KUWAHARA, Koichiro, SAITO, Yoshihiko, NAKAO, Kazuwa, OGAWA, Hisao, YASUE, Hirofumi, NAKAGAWA, Osamu, NAKAGAWA, Masayo, HARADA, Masaki, MIZUNO, Yuji, NAKAYAMA, Masafumi, SHIMASAKI, Yukio, ITO, Teruhiko
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 139
container_issue 2
container_start_page 137
container_title Circulation (New York, N.Y.)
container_volume 104
creator HARADA, Eisaku
YOSHIMURA, Michihiro
NAKAMURA, Shota
KUWAHARA, Koichiro
SAITO, Yoshihiko
NAKAO, Kazuwa
OGAWA, Hisao
YASUE, Hirofumi
NAKAGAWA, Osamu
NAKAGAWA, Masayo
HARADA, Masaki
MIZUNO, Yuji
NAKAYAMA, Masafumi
SHIMASAKI, Yukio
ITO, Teruhiko
description The cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated in failing hearts in proportion to the severity of the disease. We hypothesized that a positive feedback mechanism might exist within this system and contribute to the progression of the heart failure. Methods and Results-- To test this hypothesis, we examined whether angiotensin II or aldosterone induces the expression of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) mRNA in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes. Expression of ACE mRNA was detected and quantified using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Exposure to angiotensin II (10(-5) mol/L) for 24 hours had no significant effect on the expression of ACE mRNA (0.7+/-0.5-fold versus control, P=NS), but similar treatment with aldosterone (10(-5) mol/L) induced a 23.3+/-7.9-fold increase (P
doi_str_mv 10.1161/01.cir.104.2.137
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_70989385</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>70989385</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c547t-3e91267dc6f05f134dce70836a4aec5937c8775e4090546012543e38b8567683</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkM9rFDEcxUNR7LZ670kGKd5mzDc_J8eyWC0UBOk9pJnvLCmzyZpkxPWvN9IFpafHg897PB4hV0AHAAWfKAw-5AGoGNgAXJ-RDUgmeiG5eUU2lFLTa87YObko5alZxbV8Q84BhNBUyw2Zb5YplYo5RexCnFaPpXNxF1LFWELsfYo_MdcQdz3G38c9djtsKP46ZCwlpNhSnV-XumacuogpuuqWLrvaeZenkPyxYnlLXs9uKfjupJfk4fbzw_Zrf__ty9325r73UujaczTAlJ68mqmcgYvJo6YjV0449NJw7UetJQpqqBSKApOCIx8fR6m0Gvkl-fhce8jpx4ql2n0oHpfFtWFrsZqa0fBRNvDDC_AprTm2aZYB05yDUQ2iz5DPqZSMsz3ksHf5aIHav_9bCnZ7971ZYZlt_7fI-1Pv-rjH6V_gdHgDrk-AK94tc3bRh_JfsWRUGP4HC4KODQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>212733196</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Aldosterone induces angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>American Heart Association Journals</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Journals@Ovid Complete</source><creator>HARADA, Eisaku ; YOSHIMURA, Michihiro ; NAKAMURA, Shota ; KUWAHARA, Koichiro ; SAITO, Yoshihiko ; NAKAO, Kazuwa ; OGAWA, Hisao ; YASUE, Hirofumi ; NAKAGAWA, Osamu ; NAKAGAWA, Masayo ; HARADA, Masaki ; MIZUNO, Yuji ; NAKAYAMA, Masafumi ; SHIMASAKI, Yukio ; ITO, Teruhiko</creator><creatorcontrib>HARADA, Eisaku ; YOSHIMURA, Michihiro ; NAKAMURA, Shota ; KUWAHARA, Koichiro ; SAITO, Yoshihiko ; NAKAO, Kazuwa ; OGAWA, Hisao ; YASUE, Hirofumi ; NAKAGAWA, Osamu ; NAKAGAWA, Masayo ; HARADA, Masaki ; MIZUNO, Yuji ; NAKAYAMA, Masafumi ; SHIMASAKI, Yukio ; ITO, Teruhiko</creatorcontrib><description>The cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated in failing hearts in proportion to the severity of the disease. We hypothesized that a positive feedback mechanism might exist within this system and contribute to the progression of the heart failure. Methods and Results-- To test this hypothesis, we examined whether angiotensin II or aldosterone induces the expression of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) mRNA in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes. Expression of ACE mRNA was detected and quantified using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Exposure to angiotensin II (10(-5) mol/L) for 24 hours had no significant effect on the expression of ACE mRNA (0.7+/-0.5-fold versus control, P=NS), but similar treatment with aldosterone (10(-5) mol/L) induced a 23.3+/-7.9-fold increase (P&lt;0.01) in ACE mRNA expression. The effect of aldosterone was both time- (maximal effect, 24 hours) and dose-dependent (EC(50), 4x10(-7) mol/L), and it was significantly (P&lt;0.01) inhibited by spironolactone, a specific mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Aldosterone upregulates ACE mRNA expression, which is blocked by spironolactone in neonatal rat cardiocytes. Thus, spironolactone may suppress the progression of heart failure by blocking the effects of aldosterone and angiotensin II.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-7322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1524-4539</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.104.2.137</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11447075</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CIRCAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins</publisher><subject>Aldosterone - pharmacology ; Angiotensin II - antagonists &amp; inhibitors ; Angiotensin II - pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Biological and medical sciences ; Calibration ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene Expression - drug effects ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles - cytology ; Heart Ventricles - drug effects ; Heart Ventricles - metabolism ; Lung - chemistry ; Lung - metabolism ; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology ; Myocardium - cytology ; Myocardium - metabolism ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - biosynthesis ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - genetics ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger - analysis ; RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis ; Spironolactone - pharmacology ; Up-Regulation - drug effects ; Vertebrates: cardiovascular system</subject><ispartof>Circulation (New York, N.Y.), 2001-07, Vol.104 (2), p.137-139</ispartof><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Heart Association, Inc. Jul 10, 2001</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c547t-3e91267dc6f05f134dce70836a4aec5937c8775e4090546012543e38b8567683</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c547t-3e91267dc6f05f134dce70836a4aec5937c8775e4090546012543e38b8567683</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3673,27902,27903</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=1052049$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11447075$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>HARADA, Eisaku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YOSHIMURA, Michihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAMURA, Shota</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KUWAHARA, Koichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SAITO, Yoshihiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAO, Kazuwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OGAWA, Hisao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YASUE, Hirofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAGAWA, Osamu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAGAWA, Masayo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARADA, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MIZUNO, Yuji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAYAMA, Masafumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHIMASAKI, Yukio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ITO, Teruhiko</creatorcontrib><title>Aldosterone induces angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes</title><title>Circulation (New York, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Circulation</addtitle><description>The cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated in failing hearts in proportion to the severity of the disease. We hypothesized that a positive feedback mechanism might exist within this system and contribute to the progression of the heart failure. Methods and Results-- To test this hypothesis, we examined whether angiotensin II or aldosterone induces the expression of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) mRNA in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes. Expression of ACE mRNA was detected and quantified using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Exposure to angiotensin II (10(-5) mol/L) for 24 hours had no significant effect on the expression of ACE mRNA (0.7+/-0.5-fold versus control, P=NS), but similar treatment with aldosterone (10(-5) mol/L) induced a 23.3+/-7.9-fold increase (P&lt;0.01) in ACE mRNA expression. The effect of aldosterone was both time- (maximal effect, 24 hours) and dose-dependent (EC(50), 4x10(-7) mol/L), and it was significantly (P&lt;0.01) inhibited by spironolactone, a specific mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Aldosterone upregulates ACE mRNA expression, which is blocked by spironolactone in neonatal rat cardiocytes. Thus, spironolactone may suppress the progression of heart failure by blocking the effects of aldosterone and angiotensin II.</description><subject>Aldosterone - pharmacology</subject><subject>Angiotensin II - antagonists &amp; inhibitors</subject><subject>Angiotensin II - pharmacology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Newborn</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene Expression - drug effects</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - cytology</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - drug effects</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - metabolism</subject><subject>Lung - chemistry</subject><subject>Lung - metabolism</subject><subject>Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology</subject><subject>Myocardium - cytology</subject><subject>Myocardium - metabolism</subject><subject>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - genetics</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - analysis</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Spironolactone - pharmacology</subject><subject>Up-Regulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Vertebrates: cardiovascular system</subject><issn>0009-7322</issn><issn>1524-4539</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkM9rFDEcxUNR7LZ670kGKd5mzDc_J8eyWC0UBOk9pJnvLCmzyZpkxPWvN9IFpafHg897PB4hV0AHAAWfKAw-5AGoGNgAXJ-RDUgmeiG5eUU2lFLTa87YObko5alZxbV8Q84BhNBUyw2Zb5YplYo5RexCnFaPpXNxF1LFWELsfYo_MdcQdz3G38c9djtsKP46ZCwlpNhSnV-XumacuogpuuqWLrvaeZenkPyxYnlLXs9uKfjupJfk4fbzw_Zrf__ty9325r73UujaczTAlJ68mqmcgYvJo6YjV0449NJw7UetJQpqqBSKApOCIx8fR6m0Gvkl-fhce8jpx4ql2n0oHpfFtWFrsZqa0fBRNvDDC_AprTm2aZYB05yDUQ2iz5DPqZSMsz3ksHf5aIHav_9bCnZ7971ZYZlt_7fI-1Pv-rjH6V_gdHgDrk-AK94tc3bRh_JfsWRUGP4HC4KODQ</recordid><startdate>20010710</startdate><enddate>20010710</enddate><creator>HARADA, Eisaku</creator><creator>YOSHIMURA, Michihiro</creator><creator>NAKAMURA, Shota</creator><creator>KUWAHARA, Koichiro</creator><creator>SAITO, Yoshihiko</creator><creator>NAKAO, Kazuwa</creator><creator>OGAWA, Hisao</creator><creator>YASUE, Hirofumi</creator><creator>NAKAGAWA, Osamu</creator><creator>NAKAGAWA, Masayo</creator><creator>HARADA, Masaki</creator><creator>MIZUNO, Yuji</creator><creator>NAKAYAMA, Masafumi</creator><creator>SHIMASAKI, Yukio</creator><creator>ITO, Teruhiko</creator><general>Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins</general><general>American Heart Association, Inc</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20010710</creationdate><title>Aldosterone induces angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes</title><author>HARADA, Eisaku ; YOSHIMURA, Michihiro ; NAKAMURA, Shota ; KUWAHARA, Koichiro ; SAITO, Yoshihiko ; NAKAO, Kazuwa ; OGAWA, Hisao ; YASUE, Hirofumi ; NAKAGAWA, Osamu ; NAKAGAWA, Masayo ; HARADA, Masaki ; MIZUNO, Yuji ; NAKAYAMA, Masafumi ; SHIMASAKI, Yukio ; ITO, Teruhiko</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c547t-3e91267dc6f05f134dce70836a4aec5937c8775e4090546012543e38b8567683</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Aldosterone - pharmacology</topic><topic>Angiotensin II - antagonists &amp; inhibitors</topic><topic>Angiotensin II - pharmacology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Newborn</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Calibration</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene Expression - drug effects</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - cytology</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - drug effects</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - metabolism</topic><topic>Lung - chemistry</topic><topic>Lung - metabolism</topic><topic>Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology</topic><topic>Myocardium - cytology</topic><topic>Myocardium - metabolism</topic><topic>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - genetics</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - analysis</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Spironolactone - pharmacology</topic><topic>Up-Regulation - drug effects</topic><topic>Vertebrates: cardiovascular system</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>HARADA, Eisaku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YOSHIMURA, Michihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAMURA, Shota</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KUWAHARA, Koichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SAITO, Yoshihiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAO, Kazuwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OGAWA, Hisao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YASUE, Hirofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAGAWA, Osamu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAGAWA, Masayo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARADA, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MIZUNO, Yuji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAKAYAMA, Masafumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHIMASAKI, Yukio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ITO, Teruhiko</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Circulation (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>HARADA, Eisaku</au><au>YOSHIMURA, Michihiro</au><au>NAKAMURA, Shota</au><au>KUWAHARA, Koichiro</au><au>SAITO, Yoshihiko</au><au>NAKAO, Kazuwa</au><au>OGAWA, Hisao</au><au>YASUE, Hirofumi</au><au>NAKAGAWA, Osamu</au><au>NAKAGAWA, Masayo</au><au>HARADA, Masaki</au><au>MIZUNO, Yuji</au><au>NAKAYAMA, Masafumi</au><au>SHIMASAKI, Yukio</au><au>ITO, Teruhiko</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Aldosterone induces angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes</atitle><jtitle>Circulation (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Circulation</addtitle><date>2001-07-10</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>137</spage><epage>139</epage><pages>137-139</pages><issn>0009-7322</issn><eissn>1524-4539</eissn><coden>CIRCAZ</coden><abstract>The cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated in failing hearts in proportion to the severity of the disease. We hypothesized that a positive feedback mechanism might exist within this system and contribute to the progression of the heart failure. Methods and Results-- To test this hypothesis, we examined whether angiotensin II or aldosterone induces the expression of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) mRNA in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes. Expression of ACE mRNA was detected and quantified using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Exposure to angiotensin II (10(-5) mol/L) for 24 hours had no significant effect on the expression of ACE mRNA (0.7+/-0.5-fold versus control, P=NS), but similar treatment with aldosterone (10(-5) mol/L) induced a 23.3+/-7.9-fold increase (P&lt;0.01) in ACE mRNA expression. The effect of aldosterone was both time- (maximal effect, 24 hours) and dose-dependent (EC(50), 4x10(-7) mol/L), and it was significantly (P&lt;0.01) inhibited by spironolactone, a specific mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Aldosterone upregulates ACE mRNA expression, which is blocked by spironolactone in neonatal rat cardiocytes. Thus, spironolactone may suppress the progression of heart failure by blocking the effects of aldosterone and angiotensin II.</abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins</pub><pmid>11447075</pmid><doi>10.1161/01.cir.104.2.137</doi><tpages>3</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0009-7322
ispartof Circulation (New York, N.Y.), 2001-07, Vol.104 (2), p.137-139
issn 0009-7322
1524-4539
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_70989385
source MEDLINE; American Heart Association Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Journals@Ovid Complete
subjects Aldosterone - pharmacology
Angiotensin II - antagonists & inhibitors
Angiotensin II - pharmacology
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Biological and medical sciences
Calibration
Cells, Cultured
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression - drug effects
Heart
Heart Ventricles - cytology
Heart Ventricles - drug effects
Heart Ventricles - metabolism
Lung - chemistry
Lung - metabolism
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology
Myocardium - cytology
Myocardium - metabolism
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - biosynthesis
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - genetics
Rats
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger - analysis
RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis
Spironolactone - pharmacology
Up-Regulation - drug effects
Vertebrates: cardiovascular system
title Aldosterone induces angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-27T08%3A53%3A35IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Aldosterone%20induces%20angiotensin-converting-enzyme%20gene%20expression%20in%20cultured%20neonatal%20rat%20cardiocytes&rft.jtitle=Circulation%20(New%20York,%20N.Y.)&rft.au=HARADA,%20Eisaku&rft.date=2001-07-10&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.epage=139&rft.pages=137-139&rft.issn=0009-7322&rft.eissn=1524-4539&rft.coden=CIRCAZ&rft_id=info:doi/10.1161/01.cir.104.2.137&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E70989385%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=212733196&rft_id=info:pmid/11447075&rfr_iscdi=true