Timing of the introduction into Ethiopia of subcluster C' of HIV type 1 subtype C
Viruses circulating in Ethiopia during the 1990s cluster with main subtype C, but a significant subcluster, C', was noted in multiple analyses. This subcluster of subtype C(C') was in a fifty-fifty equilibrium with the main subtype C (Abebe et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:1909-19...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | AIDS research and human retroviruses 2001-05, Vol.17 (7), p.657-661 |
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| creator | ABEBE, Almaz LUKASHOV, Vladimir V POLLAKIS, Georgios DE WIT, Tobias F FISSEHA, Bitew TEGBARU, Belete KLIPHUIS, Aletta TESFAYE, Girma NEGASSA, Hailu FONTANET, Arnaud L GOUDSMIT, Jaap |
| description | Viruses circulating in Ethiopia during the 1990s cluster with main subtype C, but a significant subcluster, C', was noted in multiple analyses. This subcluster of subtype C(C') was in a fifty-fifty equilibrium with the main subtype C (Abebe et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:1909-1914). To analyze genetic diversification within the subcluster of HIV-1 subtype C designated C' in the course of the epidemic in Ethiopia, we analyzed 165 env gp120 V3 sequences obtained between 1988 and 1999. We observed a highly significant positive correlation between sampling years of individual sequences and their synonymous distances to the reconstructed common ancestor of the HIV-1 subtype C' subcluster. The extrapolation of the regression line of synonymous distances back to the date when no synonymous heterogeneity was present among the Ethiopian HIV-1 C' population allowed us to estimate 1982 (95% CI, 1980-1983) as the year of the onset of HIV-1 C' genetic diversification and expansion in Ethiopia. These results are in agreement with retrospective epidemiological and serological data, which demonstrated the absence of an HIV-1 epidemic in the Ethiopian population before the 1980s. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1089/088922201300119770 |
| format | Article |
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This subcluster of subtype C(C') was in a fifty-fifty equilibrium with the main subtype C (Abebe et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:1909-1914). To analyze genetic diversification within the subcluster of HIV-1 subtype C designated C' in the course of the epidemic in Ethiopia, we analyzed 165 env gp120 V3 sequences obtained between 1988 and 1999. We observed a highly significant positive correlation between sampling years of individual sequences and their synonymous distances to the reconstructed common ancestor of the HIV-1 subtype C' subcluster. The extrapolation of the regression line of synonymous distances back to the date when no synonymous heterogeneity was present among the Ethiopian HIV-1 C' population allowed us to estimate 1982 (95% CI, 1980-1983) as the year of the onset of HIV-1 C' genetic diversification and expansion in Ethiopia. These results are in agreement with retrospective epidemiological and serological data, which demonstrated the absence of an HIV-1 epidemic in the Ethiopian population before the 1980s.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0889-2229</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1931-8405</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1089/088922201300119770</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11375063</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ARHRE7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Larchmont, NY: Liebert</publisher><subject>AIDS/HIV ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Biological and medical sciences ; Consensus Sequence ; env protein (V3 region) ; Epidemiology ; Ethiopia ; Ethiopia - epidemiology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Genetic Variation ; glycoprotein gp120 ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - chemistry ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV Infections - virology ; HIV-1 - classification ; HIV-1 - genetics ; Human immunodeficiency virus 1 ; Humans ; Immunodeficiencies ; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies ; Immunopathology ; Medical sciences ; Microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments - chemistry ; Sequence Alignment ; Time Factors ; Virology</subject><ispartof>AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2001-05, Vol.17 (7), p.657-661</ispartof><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c360t-45f4ab34be14629decf65d4b3a53d5a5c71c14fc535b66dc21fdfa4e5ad472823</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c360t-45f4ab34be14629decf65d4b3a53d5a5c71c14fc535b66dc21fdfa4e5ad472823</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3040,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14162961$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11375063$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>ABEBE, Almaz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LUKASHOV, Vladimir V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>POLLAKIS, Georgios</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DE WIT, Tobias F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FISSEHA, Bitew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TEGBARU, Belete</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KLIPHUIS, Aletta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TESFAYE, Girma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NEGASSA, Hailu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FONTANET, Arnaud L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GOUDSMIT, Jaap</creatorcontrib><title>Timing of the introduction into Ethiopia of subcluster C' of HIV type 1 subtype C</title><title>AIDS research and human retroviruses</title><addtitle>AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses</addtitle><description>Viruses circulating in Ethiopia during the 1990s cluster with main subtype C, but a significant subcluster, C', was noted in multiple analyses. This subcluster of subtype C(C') was in a fifty-fifty equilibrium with the main subtype C (Abebe et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:1909-1914). To analyze genetic diversification within the subcluster of HIV-1 subtype C designated C' in the course of the epidemic in Ethiopia, we analyzed 165 env gp120 V3 sequences obtained between 1988 and 1999. We observed a highly significant positive correlation between sampling years of individual sequences and their synonymous distances to the reconstructed common ancestor of the HIV-1 subtype C' subcluster. The extrapolation of the regression line of synonymous distances back to the date when no synonymous heterogeneity was present among the Ethiopian HIV-1 C' population allowed us to estimate 1982 (95% CI, 1980-1983) as the year of the onset of HIV-1 C' genetic diversification and expansion in Ethiopia. These results are in agreement with retrospective epidemiological and serological data, which demonstrated the absence of an HIV-1 epidemic in the Ethiopian population before the 1980s.</description><subject>AIDS/HIV</subject><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Consensus Sequence</subject><subject>env protein (V3 region)</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Ethiopia</subject><subject>Ethiopia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>glycoprotein gp120</subject><subject>HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - chemistry</subject><subject>HIV Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV Infections - virology</subject><subject>HIV-1 - classification</subject><subject>HIV-1 - genetics</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus 1</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Peptide Fragments - chemistry</subject><subject>Sequence Alignment</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Virology</subject><issn>0889-2229</issn><issn>1931-8405</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0LtOwzAUBmALgWgpvAADygJMAR_f4owoKrRSJYRUWCPHsalRbsTJ0LcnoZE6MDD59p1f8o_QNeAHwDJ-xFLGhBAMFGOAOIrwCZpDTCGUDPNTNB9BOIh4hi68_8IYD56foxkAjTgWdI7etq501WdQ26DbmcBVXVvnve5cXY2HOlh2O1c3To3C95kuet-ZNkjux4vV-iPo9o0JYHz73SWX6MyqwpuraV2g9-flNlmFm9eXdfK0CTUVuAsZt0xllGUGmCBxbrQVPGcZVZzmXHEdgQZmNac8EyLXBGxuFTNc5SwiktAFujvkNm393RvfpaXz2hSFqkzd-zTCMpJCsH8hRFIKIsZEcoC6rb1vjU2b1pWq3aeA07Hx9G_jw9DNlN5npcmPI1PFA7idgPJaFbZVlXb-6BgM3xdAfwB8Y4bw</recordid><startdate>20010501</startdate><enddate>20010501</enddate><creator>ABEBE, Almaz</creator><creator>LUKASHOV, Vladimir V</creator><creator>POLLAKIS, Georgios</creator><creator>DE WIT, Tobias F</creator><creator>FISSEHA, Bitew</creator><creator>TEGBARU, Belete</creator><creator>KLIPHUIS, Aletta</creator><creator>TESFAYE, Girma</creator><creator>NEGASSA, Hailu</creator><creator>FONTANET, Arnaud L</creator><creator>GOUDSMIT, Jaap</creator><general>Liebert</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20010501</creationdate><title>Timing of the introduction into Ethiopia of subcluster C' of HIV type 1 subtype C</title><author>ABEBE, Almaz ; LUKASHOV, Vladimir V ; POLLAKIS, Georgios ; DE WIT, Tobias F ; FISSEHA, Bitew ; TEGBARU, Belete ; KLIPHUIS, Aletta ; TESFAYE, Girma ; NEGASSA, Hailu ; FONTANET, Arnaud L ; GOUDSMIT, Jaap</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c360t-45f4ab34be14629decf65d4b3a53d5a5c71c14fc535b66dc21fdfa4e5ad472823</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>AIDS/HIV</topic><topic>Amino Acid Sequence</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Consensus Sequence</topic><topic>env protein (V3 region)</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Ethiopia</topic><topic>Ethiopia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>glycoprotein gp120</topic><topic>HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - chemistry</topic><topic>HIV Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>HIV Infections - virology</topic><topic>HIV-1 - classification</topic><topic>HIV-1 - genetics</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus 1</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</topic><topic>Immunopathology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Peptide Fragments - chemistry</topic><topic>Sequence Alignment</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Virology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>ABEBE, Almaz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LUKASHOV, Vladimir V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>POLLAKIS, Georgios</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DE WIT, Tobias F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FISSEHA, Bitew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TEGBARU, Belete</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KLIPHUIS, Aletta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TESFAYE, Girma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NEGASSA, Hailu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FONTANET, Arnaud L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GOUDSMIT, Jaap</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>AIDS research and human retroviruses</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>ABEBE, Almaz</au><au>LUKASHOV, Vladimir V</au><au>POLLAKIS, Georgios</au><au>DE WIT, Tobias F</au><au>FISSEHA, Bitew</au><au>TEGBARU, Belete</au><au>KLIPHUIS, Aletta</au><au>TESFAYE, Girma</au><au>NEGASSA, Hailu</au><au>FONTANET, Arnaud L</au><au>GOUDSMIT, Jaap</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Timing of the introduction into Ethiopia of subcluster C' of HIV type 1 subtype C</atitle><jtitle>AIDS research and human retroviruses</jtitle><addtitle>AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses</addtitle><date>2001-05-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>657</spage><epage>661</epage><pages>657-661</pages><issn>0889-2229</issn><eissn>1931-8405</eissn><coden>ARHRE7</coden><abstract>Viruses circulating in Ethiopia during the 1990s cluster with main subtype C, but a significant subcluster, C', was noted in multiple analyses. This subcluster of subtype C(C') was in a fifty-fifty equilibrium with the main subtype C (Abebe et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:1909-1914). To analyze genetic diversification within the subcluster of HIV-1 subtype C designated C' in the course of the epidemic in Ethiopia, we analyzed 165 env gp120 V3 sequences obtained between 1988 and 1999. We observed a highly significant positive correlation between sampling years of individual sequences and their synonymous distances to the reconstructed common ancestor of the HIV-1 subtype C' subcluster. The extrapolation of the regression line of synonymous distances back to the date when no synonymous heterogeneity was present among the Ethiopian HIV-1 C' population allowed us to estimate 1982 (95% CI, 1980-1983) as the year of the onset of HIV-1 C' genetic diversification and expansion in Ethiopia. These results are in agreement with retrospective epidemiological and serological data, which demonstrated the absence of an HIV-1 epidemic in the Ethiopian population before the 1980s.</abstract><cop>Larchmont, NY</cop><pub>Liebert</pub><pmid>11375063</pmid><doi>10.1089/088922201300119770</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2001-05, Vol.17 (7), p.657-661 |
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| source | Mary Ann Liebert Online Subscription; MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | AIDS/HIV Amino Acid Sequence Biological and medical sciences Consensus Sequence env protein (V3 region) Epidemiology Ethiopia Ethiopia - epidemiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetic Variation glycoprotein gp120 HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - chemistry HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV Infections - virology HIV-1 - classification HIV-1 - genetics Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Humans Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunopathology Medical sciences Microbiology Molecular Sequence Data Peptide Fragments - chemistry Sequence Alignment Time Factors Virology |
| title | Timing of the introduction into Ethiopia of subcluster C' of HIV type 1 subtype C |
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