Two Visual Mechanisms of Photosensitivity
Purpose: Photosensitive epilepsy is the most common of the “reflex” epilepsies. Precipitated by television viewing, flickering light, or specific visual patterns, it is the cause of seizures in 10% of young people with epilepsy. Photosensitivity is associated with two types of EEG abnormalities: pho...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Epilepsia (Copenhagen) 1999-10, Vol.40 (10), p.1446-1451 |
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| creator | Harding, G. F. A. Fylan, F. |
| description | Purpose: Photosensitive epilepsy is the most common of the “reflex” epilepsies. Precipitated by television viewing, flickering light, or specific visual patterns, it is the cause of seizures in 10% of young people with epilepsy. Photosensitivity is associated with two types of EEG abnormalities: photoparoxysmal responses (PPRs) and occipital spikes (OSs). It is unclear whether these abnormalities are mediated by different mechanisms, and furthermore, the clinical significance of OS is unknown.
Methods: By using our previously established population of patients with photosensitive epilepsy, all showing EEG abnormalities on intermittent photic stimulation or pattern stimulation, we examined the effects of pattern contrast, spatial and counterphase temporal frequency, and colour on these abnormalities.
Results: PPRs and not OSs show linear contrast dependency and are elicited by stationary stimuli and by non‐colour‐opponent isoluminant stimuli.
Conclusions: PPRs and OSs are generated independently by the parvocellular and magnocellular visual systems, respectively. The results add support to the hypothesis that only PPRs and not OSs are clinically significant. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02018.x |
| format | Article |
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Methods: By using our previously established population of patients with photosensitive epilepsy, all showing EEG abnormalities on intermittent photic stimulation or pattern stimulation, we examined the effects of pattern contrast, spatial and counterphase temporal frequency, and colour on these abnormalities.
Results: PPRs and not OSs show linear contrast dependency and are elicited by stationary stimuli and by non‐colour‐opponent isoluminant stimuli.
Conclusions: PPRs and OSs are generated independently by the parvocellular and magnocellular visual systems, respectively. The results add support to the hypothesis that only PPRs and not OSs are clinically significant.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-9580</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1528-1167</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02018.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10528942</identifier><identifier>CODEN: EPILAK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Cerebral Cortex - physiology ; Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology ; Color Perception - physiology ; Contrast Sensitivity - physiology ; Electroencephalography - statistics & numerical data ; Epilepsy - diagnosis ; Epilepsy - etiology ; Epilepsy - physiopathology ; Form Perception - physiology ; Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy ; Humans ; Magnocellular ; Medical sciences ; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) ; Neurology ; Occipital Lobe - physiology ; Occipital Lobe - physiopathology ; Occipital spikes ; Parvocellular ; Photic Stimulation - adverse effects ; Photoparoxysmal response ; Photosensitive epilepsy ; Space life sciences ; Space Perception - physiology ; Visual Pathways - physiology ; Visual Pathways - physiopathology ; Visual Perception - physiology</subject><ispartof>Epilepsia (Copenhagen), 1999-10, Vol.40 (10), p.1446-1451</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4296-d50d8c5e4f446ca83f2a5532e7e8b0ce96644c16f2b064b800ed9addd6dea6173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4296-d50d8c5e4f446ca83f2a5532e7e8b0ce96644c16f2b064b800ed9addd6dea6173</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1528-1157.1999.tb02018.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1528-1157.1999.tb02018.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1968774$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10528942$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Harding, G. F. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fylan, F.</creatorcontrib><title>Two Visual Mechanisms of Photosensitivity</title><title>Epilepsia (Copenhagen)</title><addtitle>Epilepsia</addtitle><description>Purpose: Photosensitive epilepsy is the most common of the “reflex” epilepsies. Precipitated by television viewing, flickering light, or specific visual patterns, it is the cause of seizures in 10% of young people with epilepsy. Photosensitivity is associated with two types of EEG abnormalities: photoparoxysmal responses (PPRs) and occipital spikes (OSs). It is unclear whether these abnormalities are mediated by different mechanisms, and furthermore, the clinical significance of OS is unknown.
Methods: By using our previously established population of patients with photosensitive epilepsy, all showing EEG abnormalities on intermittent photic stimulation or pattern stimulation, we examined the effects of pattern contrast, spatial and counterphase temporal frequency, and colour on these abnormalities.
Results: PPRs and not OSs show linear contrast dependency and are elicited by stationary stimuli and by non‐colour‐opponent isoluminant stimuli.
Conclusions: PPRs and OSs are generated independently by the parvocellular and magnocellular visual systems, respectively. The results add support to the hypothesis that only PPRs and not OSs are clinically significant.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - physiology</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology</subject><subject>Color Perception - physiology</subject><subject>Contrast Sensitivity - physiology</subject><subject>Electroencephalography - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Epilepsy - diagnosis</subject><subject>Epilepsy - etiology</subject><subject>Epilepsy - physiopathology</subject><subject>Form Perception - physiology</subject><subject>Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Magnocellular</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Occipital Lobe - physiology</subject><subject>Occipital Lobe - physiopathology</subject><subject>Occipital spikes</subject><subject>Parvocellular</subject><subject>Photic Stimulation - adverse effects</subject><subject>Photoparoxysmal response</subject><subject>Photosensitive epilepsy</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Space Perception - physiology</subject><subject>Visual Pathways - physiology</subject><subject>Visual Pathways - physiopathology</subject><subject>Visual Perception - physiology</subject><issn>0013-9580</issn><issn>1528-1167</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqVkE1Lw0AQhhdRbP34CxJEBA-Js8lmP7yIlKqFij1Ur8tms6Fb0qRmE9v-exMS0KtzmcM878zwIHSNIcBt3a8DHIfcxzhmARZCBHUCIWAe7I_QeBhRdozGADjyRcxhhM6cWwMAoyw6RSMMLSVIOEZ3y13pfVrXqNx7M3qlCus2ziszb7Eq69KZwtnaftv6cIFOMpU7czn0c_TxPF1OXv35-8ts8jT3NQkF9dMYUq5jQzJCqFY8ykIVx1FomOEJaCMoJURjmoUJUJJwAJMKlaYpTY2imEXn6Lbfu63Kr8a4Wm6s0ybPVWHKxkkGPIQohhZ86EFdlc5VJpPbym5UdZAYZCdKrmVnQ3aiZCdKDqLkvg1fDVeaZGPSP9HeTAvcDIByWuVZpQpt3S8nKGeMtNhjj-1sbg7_-EBOFzPcKop-AFJZhLQ</recordid><startdate>199910</startdate><enddate>199910</enddate><creator>Harding, G. 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A. ; Fylan, F.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4296-d50d8c5e4f446ca83f2a5532e7e8b0ce96644c16f2b064b800ed9addd6dea6173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cerebral Cortex - physiology</topic><topic>Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology</topic><topic>Color Perception - physiology</topic><topic>Contrast Sensitivity - physiology</topic><topic>Electroencephalography - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Epilepsy - diagnosis</topic><topic>Epilepsy - etiology</topic><topic>Epilepsy - physiopathology</topic><topic>Form Perception - physiology</topic><topic>Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Magnocellular</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Occipital Lobe - physiology</topic><topic>Occipital Lobe - physiopathology</topic><topic>Occipital spikes</topic><topic>Parvocellular</topic><topic>Photic Stimulation - adverse effects</topic><topic>Photoparoxysmal response</topic><topic>Photosensitive epilepsy</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Space Perception - physiology</topic><topic>Visual Pathways - physiology</topic><topic>Visual Pathways - physiopathology</topic><topic>Visual Perception - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Harding, G. F. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fylan, F.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Epilepsia (Copenhagen)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Harding, G. F. A.</au><au>Fylan, F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Two Visual Mechanisms of Photosensitivity</atitle><jtitle>Epilepsia (Copenhagen)</jtitle><addtitle>Epilepsia</addtitle><date>1999-10</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1446</spage><epage>1451</epage><pages>1446-1451</pages><issn>0013-9580</issn><eissn>1528-1167</eissn><coden>EPILAK</coden><abstract>Purpose: Photosensitive epilepsy is the most common of the “reflex” epilepsies. Precipitated by television viewing, flickering light, or specific visual patterns, it is the cause of seizures in 10% of young people with epilepsy. Photosensitivity is associated with two types of EEG abnormalities: photoparoxysmal responses (PPRs) and occipital spikes (OSs). It is unclear whether these abnormalities are mediated by different mechanisms, and furthermore, the clinical significance of OS is unknown.
Methods: By using our previously established population of patients with photosensitive epilepsy, all showing EEG abnormalities on intermittent photic stimulation or pattern stimulation, we examined the effects of pattern contrast, spatial and counterphase temporal frequency, and colour on these abnormalities.
Results: PPRs and not OSs show linear contrast dependency and are elicited by stationary stimuli and by non‐colour‐opponent isoluminant stimuli.
Conclusions: PPRs and OSs are generated independently by the parvocellular and magnocellular visual systems, respectively. The results add support to the hypothesis that only PPRs and not OSs are clinically significant.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>10528942</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02018.x</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Wiley Online Library Free Content; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Cerebral Cortex - physiology Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology Color Perception - physiology Contrast Sensitivity - physiology Electroencephalography - statistics & numerical data Epilepsy - diagnosis Epilepsy - etiology Epilepsy - physiopathology Form Perception - physiology Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy Humans Magnocellular Medical sciences Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Neurology Occipital Lobe - physiology Occipital Lobe - physiopathology Occipital spikes Parvocellular Photic Stimulation - adverse effects Photoparoxysmal response Photosensitive epilepsy Space life sciences Space Perception - physiology Visual Pathways - physiology Visual Pathways - physiopathology Visual Perception - physiology |
| title | Two Visual Mechanisms of Photosensitivity |
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