Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major constituents against respiratory tract pathogens by gaseous contact

The antibacterial activity of 14 essential oils and their major constituents in the gaseous state was evaluated against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. For most essential oils examined, H. influenzae was most susceptible, followed b...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2001-05, Vol.47 (5), p.565-573
Hauptverfasser: Inouye, Shigeharu, Takizawa, Toshio, Yamaguchi, Hideyo
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container_end_page 573
container_issue 5
container_start_page 565
container_title Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
container_volume 47
creator Inouye, Shigeharu
Takizawa, Toshio
Yamaguchi, Hideyo
description The antibacterial activity of 14 essential oils and their major constituents in the gaseous state was evaluated against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. For most essential oils examined, H. influenzae was most susceptible, followed by S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes, and then S. aureus. Penicillin-susceptible and -resistant S. pneumoniae were comparable in susceptibility. Escherichia coli, which was used as a control, showed least susceptibility. A minimal inhibitory dose (MID) was introduced as a measure of the vapour activity. Among 14 essential oils, cinnamon bark, lemongrass and thyme oils showed the lowest MID, followed by essential oils containing terpene alcohols as major constituents. The essential oils containing terpene ketone, ether and, in particular, hydrocarbon had high MIDs. The vapour activity on short exposure was comparable to that following overnight exposure, and rapid evaporation was more effective than slow evaporation of essential oils. The vapour concentration and absorption into agar of essential oils reached a maximum 1 or 2 h after rapid evaporation. These results indicate that the antibacterial action of essential oils was most effective when at high vapour concentration for a short time.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/jac/47.5.565
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Antimicrob. Chemother</addtitle><description>The antibacterial activity of 14 essential oils and their major constituents in the gaseous state was evaluated against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. For most essential oils examined, H. influenzae was most susceptible, followed by S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes, and then S. aureus. Penicillin-susceptible and -resistant S. pneumoniae were comparable in susceptibility. Escherichia coli, which was used as a control, showed least susceptibility. A minimal inhibitory dose (MID) was introduced as a measure of the vapour activity. Among 14 essential oils, cinnamon bark, lemongrass and thyme oils showed the lowest MID, followed by essential oils containing terpene alcohols as major constituents. The essential oils containing terpene ketone, ether and, in particular, hydrocarbon had high MIDs. 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Antiparasitic agents</subject><subject>Bacteria - drug effects</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Haemophilus influenzae - drug effects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile - chemistry</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile - pharmacology</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Oxidation-Reduction</subject><subject>Pharmacology. 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source Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry
subjects Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Bacteria - drug effects
Biological and medical sciences
Haemophilus influenzae - drug effects
Humans
Medical sciences
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Oils, Volatile - chemistry
Oils, Volatile - pharmacology
Oils, Volatile - therapeutic use
Oxidation-Reduction
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Respiratory Therapy
Respiratory Tract Diseases - drug therapy
Respiratory Tract Diseases - microbiology
Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
Streptococcus pneumoniae - drug effects
Streptococcus pyogenes - drug effects
title Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major constituents against respiratory tract pathogens by gaseous contact
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