Cervical Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women: Effects of Hormonal Contraception, Pregnancy, and Vitamin A Deficiency
Genital shedding of herpes simplex virus (HSV) results in frequent transmission of infection to sexual partners and neonates. In a cross-sectional study, cervical shedding of HSV DNA was detected in 43 (17%) cervical swab samples from 273 women seropositive for HSV-1, HSV-2, and human immunodeficien...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of infectious diseases 2000-01, Vol.181 (1), p.58-63 |
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| container_title | The Journal of infectious diseases |
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| creator | Mostad, Sara B. Kreiss, Joan K. Ryncarz, Alexander J. Mandaliya, Kishorchandra Chohan, Bhavna Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah Bwayo, Job J. Corey, Lawrence |
| description | Genital shedding of herpes simplex virus (HSV) results in frequent transmission of infection to sexual partners and neonates. In a cross-sectional study, cervical shedding of HSV DNA was detected in 43 (17%) cervical swab samples from 273 women seropositive for HSV-1, HSV-2, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Cervical shedding of HSV was significantly associated with oral contraception (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–12.2), use of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (aOR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3–7.7), and pregnancy (aOR, 7.9; 95% CI, 2.0–31.7). In the subgroup of women who were not pregnant and not using hormonal contraception (n = 178), serum vitamin A was highly predictive of cervical HSV shedding: concentrations indicating severe deficiency, moderate deficiency, low-normal, and high-normal status were associated with 29%, 18%, 8%, and 2% prevalences of cervical HSV shedding, respectively (linear trend, P = .0002). Several factors appear to influence HSV reactivation in HIV-1 seropositive women. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1086/315188 |
| format | Article |
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In a cross-sectional study, cervical shedding of HSV DNA was detected in 43 (17%) cervical swab samples from 273 women seropositive for HSV-1, HSV-2, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Cervical shedding of HSV was significantly associated with oral contraception (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–12.2), use of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (aOR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3–7.7), and pregnancy (aOR, 7.9; 95% CI, 2.0–31.7). In the subgroup of women who were not pregnant and not using hormonal contraception (n = 178), serum vitamin A was highly predictive of cervical HSV shedding: concentrations indicating severe deficiency, moderate deficiency, low-normal, and high-normal status were associated with 29%, 18%, 8%, and 2% prevalences of cervical HSV shedding, respectively (linear trend, P = .0002). Several factors appear to influence HSV reactivation in HIV-1 seropositive women.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-1899</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6613</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1086/315188</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10608751</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JIDIAQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press</publisher><subject>AIDS/HIV ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cervix Uteri - virology ; Contraception ; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Genital herpes ; Genitalia ; Herpes Simplex - virology ; Herpes simplex virus ; HIV 1 ; HIV Seropositivity - virology ; Human herpesvirus 2 ; Human immunodeficiency virus 1 ; Human viral diseases ; Humans ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Kenya ; Major Articles ; Medical sciences ; Pregnancy ; shedding ; Simplexvirus ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the genital and urinary system ; Virus Shedding ; Vitamin A ; Vitamin A Deficiency</subject><ispartof>The Journal of infectious diseases, 2000-01, Vol.181 (1), p.58-63</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2000 Infectious Diseases Society of America</rights><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright University of Chicago, acting through its Press Jan 2000</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c520t-10e861fe013c2331cc6e1fc511c024ef23e705641e306e23d42f094ea60dfa33</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/30111274$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/30111274$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,805,4026,27930,27931,27932,58024,58257</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1245298$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10608751$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mostad, Sara B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreiss, Joan K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryncarz, Alexander J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandaliya, Kishorchandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chohan, Bhavna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bwayo, Job J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corey, Lawrence</creatorcontrib><title>Cervical Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women: Effects of Hormonal Contraception, Pregnancy, and Vitamin A Deficiency</title><title>The Journal of infectious diseases</title><addtitle>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</addtitle><description>Genital shedding of herpes simplex virus (HSV) results in frequent transmission of infection to sexual partners and neonates. In a cross-sectional study, cervical shedding of HSV DNA was detected in 43 (17%) cervical swab samples from 273 women seropositive for HSV-1, HSV-2, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Cervical shedding of HSV was significantly associated with oral contraception (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–12.2), use of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (aOR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3–7.7), and pregnancy (aOR, 7.9; 95% CI, 2.0–31.7). In the subgroup of women who were not pregnant and not using hormonal contraception (n = 178), serum vitamin A was highly predictive of cervical HSV shedding: concentrations indicating severe deficiency, moderate deficiency, low-normal, and high-normal status were associated with 29%, 18%, 8%, and 2% prevalences of cervical HSV shedding, respectively (linear trend, P = .0002). 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In a cross-sectional study, cervical shedding of HSV DNA was detected in 43 (17%) cervical swab samples from 273 women seropositive for HSV-1, HSV-2, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Cervical shedding of HSV was significantly associated with oral contraception (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–12.2), use of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (aOR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3–7.7), and pregnancy (aOR, 7.9; 95% CI, 2.0–31.7). In the subgroup of women who were not pregnant and not using hormonal contraception (n = 178), serum vitamin A was highly predictive of cervical HSV shedding: concentrations indicating severe deficiency, moderate deficiency, low-normal, and high-normal status were associated with 29%, 18%, 8%, and 2% prevalences of cervical HSV shedding, respectively (linear trend, P = .0002). Several factors appear to influence HSV reactivation in HIV-1 seropositive women.</abstract><cop>Chicago, IL</cop><pub>The University of Chicago Press</pub><pmid>10608751</pmid><doi>10.1086/315188</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Journal of infectious diseases, 2000-01, Vol.181 (1), p.58-63 |
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| source | MEDLINE; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current) |
| subjects | AIDS/HIV Biological and medical sciences Cervix Uteri - virology Contraception Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal Cross-Sectional Studies Female Genital herpes Genitalia Herpes Simplex - virology Herpes simplex virus HIV 1 HIV Seropositivity - virology Human herpesvirus 2 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Human viral diseases Humans Infections Infectious diseases Kenya Major Articles Medical sciences Pregnancy shedding Simplexvirus Viral diseases Viral diseases of the genital and urinary system Virus Shedding Vitamin A Vitamin A Deficiency |
| title | Cervical Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women: Effects of Hormonal Contraception, Pregnancy, and Vitamin A Deficiency |
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