Relationship between locus coeruleus discharge rates and rates of norepinephrine release within neocortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis
The relationship between discharge rates of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons and rates of norepinephrine release was examined in the anesthetized rat. Neuronal discharge rates of locus coeruleus neurons were altered and quantified using a combined recording-infusion probe. Peri-locus coeruleus...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Neuroscience 1999-08, Vol.93 (4), p.1263-1270 |
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| description | The relationship between discharge rates of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons and rates of norepinephrine release was examined in the anesthetized rat. Neuronal discharge rates of locus coeruleus neurons were altered and quantified using a combined recording-infusion probe. Peri-locus coeruleus infusions of either the cholinergic agonist, bethanechol, or the α
2-agonist, clonidine, were used to enhance or suppress neuronal discharge activity, respectively. Alterations in concentrations of extracellular norepinephrine within the prefrontal cortex were determined using
in vivo microdialysis and high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. A linear relationship between locus coeruleus activity and norepinephrine dialysate concentration was observed between complete suppression of locus coeruleus discharge activity and approximately 300–400% of basal discharge levels (1.58±0.29
Hz). Above these levels, increases in locus coeruleus discharge rates were not accompanied by similar increases in dialysate norepinephrine concentrations. In general, neither activation nor suppression of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates appeared to alter the relationship between discharge activity and norepinephrine efflux during subsequent epochs. The one exception to this was observed during recovery from relatively high-magnitude locus coeruleus activation. In two out of three cases in which locus coeruleus discharge rates were increased greater than 450%, a recovery of norepinephrine concentrations to basal levels occurred more quickly than the recovery of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates to basal levels.
Although limited, these latter observations suggest that dysregulation of norepinephrine release may occur following sustained activation of locus coeruleus at the highest rates examined, which may mimic those associated with intense arousal or stress. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00276-6 |
| format | Article |
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2-agonist, clonidine, were used to enhance or suppress neuronal discharge activity, respectively. Alterations in concentrations of extracellular norepinephrine within the prefrontal cortex were determined using
in vivo microdialysis and high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. A linear relationship between locus coeruleus activity and norepinephrine dialysate concentration was observed between complete suppression of locus coeruleus discharge activity and approximately 300–400% of basal discharge levels (1.58±0.29
Hz). Above these levels, increases in locus coeruleus discharge rates were not accompanied by similar increases in dialysate norepinephrine concentrations. In general, neither activation nor suppression of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates appeared to alter the relationship between discharge activity and norepinephrine efflux during subsequent epochs. The one exception to this was observed during recovery from relatively high-magnitude locus coeruleus activation. In two out of three cases in which locus coeruleus discharge rates were increased greater than 450%, a recovery of norepinephrine concentrations to basal levels occurred more quickly than the recovery of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates to basal levels.
Although limited, these latter observations suggest that dysregulation of norepinephrine release may occur following sustained activation of locus coeruleus at the highest rates examined, which may mimic those associated with intense arousal or stress.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0306-4522</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7544</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00276-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10501450</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NRSCDN</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Behavior, Animal - physiology ; bethanechol ; Bethanechol - pharmacology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain Chemistry - drug effects ; Central nervous system ; clonidine ; Clonidine - pharmacology ; Electroencephalography - drug effects ; Electrophysiology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; locus coeruleus ; Locus Coeruleus - drug effects ; Locus Coeruleus - physiology ; Male ; Microdialysis ; Neocortex - metabolism ; norepinephrine ; Norepinephrine - metabolism ; Parasympathomimetics - pharmacology ; prefrontal cortex ; Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; release ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Sympatholytics - pharmacology ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><ispartof>Neuroscience, 1999-08, Vol.93 (4), p.1263-1270</ispartof><rights>1999 IBRO</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-1e23ca7ff34efa22b9ffd8cfa286987c4c634c74042a3f9d122d071594602d623</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-1e23ca7ff34efa22b9ffd8cfa286987c4c634c74042a3f9d122d071594602d623</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452299002766$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1938238$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10501450$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Berridge, C.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abercrombie, E.D</creatorcontrib><title>Relationship between locus coeruleus discharge rates and rates of norepinephrine release within neocortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis</title><title>Neuroscience</title><addtitle>Neuroscience</addtitle><description>The relationship between discharge rates of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons and rates of norepinephrine release was examined in the anesthetized rat. Neuronal discharge rates of locus coeruleus neurons were altered and quantified using a combined recording-infusion probe. Peri-locus coeruleus infusions of either the cholinergic agonist, bethanechol, or the α
2-agonist, clonidine, were used to enhance or suppress neuronal discharge activity, respectively. Alterations in concentrations of extracellular norepinephrine within the prefrontal cortex were determined using
in vivo microdialysis and high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. A linear relationship between locus coeruleus activity and norepinephrine dialysate concentration was observed between complete suppression of locus coeruleus discharge activity and approximately 300–400% of basal discharge levels (1.58±0.29
Hz). Above these levels, increases in locus coeruleus discharge rates were not accompanied by similar increases in dialysate norepinephrine concentrations. In general, neither activation nor suppression of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates appeared to alter the relationship between discharge activity and norepinephrine efflux during subsequent epochs. The one exception to this was observed during recovery from relatively high-magnitude locus coeruleus activation. In two out of three cases in which locus coeruleus discharge rates were increased greater than 450%, a recovery of norepinephrine concentrations to basal levels occurred more quickly than the recovery of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates to basal levels.
Although limited, these latter observations suggest that dysregulation of norepinephrine release may occur following sustained activation of locus coeruleus at the highest rates examined, which may mimic those associated with intense arousal or stress.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Behavior, Animal - physiology</subject><subject>bethanechol</subject><subject>Bethanechol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain Chemistry - drug effects</subject><subject>Central nervous system</subject><subject>clonidine</subject><subject>Clonidine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Electroencephalography - drug effects</subject><subject>Electrophysiology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>locus coeruleus</subject><subject>Locus Coeruleus - drug effects</subject><subject>Locus Coeruleus - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microdialysis</subject><subject>Neocortex - metabolism</subject><subject>norepinephrine</subject><subject>Norepinephrine - metabolism</subject><subject>Parasympathomimetics - pharmacology</subject><subject>prefrontal cortex</subject><subject>Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>release</subject><subject>Stimulation, Chemical</subject><subject>Sympatholytics - pharmacology</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><issn>0306-4522</issn><issn>1873-7544</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc2OFCEUhYnROD2jj6BhYYwuSvmnWBkzcdRkEhN_1oSGi42pLkqo6rFfwmeWnu6ouyEETsJ34F4OQk8oeUUJVa-_EE5UJyRjL4x5SQjTqlP30Ir2mndaCnEfrf4iZ-i81h-kDSn4Q3RGiSRUSLJCvz_D4OaUx7pJE17DfAMw4iH7pWKfoSwDNBVS9RtXvgMuboaK3RhOKkc85gJTGmHalLbiAgO4CvgmzZs04hGyz2WGX9g1X63QZsDrPW5nu7TLeJt8ySG5YV9TfYQeRDdUeHzaL9C3q3dfLz9015_ef7x8e915yc3cUWDcOx0jFxAdY2sTY-h9k70yvfbCKy68FkQwx6MJlLFANJVGKMKCYvwCPT_eO5X8c4E6221rEYbBtXqXajXRvdZc3glSrSSjRjVQHsHWTa0Fop1K2rqyt5TYQ2L2NjF7iMMaY28Tswff09MDy3oL4T_XMaIGPDsBrno3xOJGn-o_zvCe8b5hb44YtG_bJSi2-gSjh5AK-NmGnO6o5A_4obWY</recordid><startdate>199908</startdate><enddate>199908</enddate><creator>Berridge, C.W</creator><creator>Abercrombie, E.D</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199908</creationdate><title>Relationship between locus coeruleus discharge rates and rates of norepinephrine release within neocortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis</title><author>Berridge, C.W ; Abercrombie, E.D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-1e23ca7ff34efa22b9ffd8cfa286987c4c634c74042a3f9d122d071594602d623</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Behavior, Animal - physiology</topic><topic>bethanechol</topic><topic>Bethanechol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain Chemistry - drug effects</topic><topic>Central nervous system</topic><topic>clonidine</topic><topic>Clonidine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Electroencephalography - drug effects</topic><topic>Electrophysiology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>locus coeruleus</topic><topic>Locus Coeruleus - drug effects</topic><topic>Locus Coeruleus - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microdialysis</topic><topic>Neocortex - metabolism</topic><topic>norepinephrine</topic><topic>Norepinephrine - metabolism</topic><topic>Parasympathomimetics - pharmacology</topic><topic>prefrontal cortex</topic><topic>Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>release</topic><topic>Stimulation, Chemical</topic><topic>Sympatholytics - pharmacology</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Berridge, C.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abercrombie, E.D</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Neuroscience</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Berridge, C.W</au><au>Abercrombie, E.D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Relationship between locus coeruleus discharge rates and rates of norepinephrine release within neocortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis</atitle><jtitle>Neuroscience</jtitle><addtitle>Neuroscience</addtitle><date>1999-08</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>93</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1263</spage><epage>1270</epage><pages>1263-1270</pages><issn>0306-4522</issn><eissn>1873-7544</eissn><coden>NRSCDN</coden><abstract>The relationship between discharge rates of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons and rates of norepinephrine release was examined in the anesthetized rat. Neuronal discharge rates of locus coeruleus neurons were altered and quantified using a combined recording-infusion probe. Peri-locus coeruleus infusions of either the cholinergic agonist, bethanechol, or the α
2-agonist, clonidine, were used to enhance or suppress neuronal discharge activity, respectively. Alterations in concentrations of extracellular norepinephrine within the prefrontal cortex were determined using
in vivo microdialysis and high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. A linear relationship between locus coeruleus activity and norepinephrine dialysate concentration was observed between complete suppression of locus coeruleus discharge activity and approximately 300–400% of basal discharge levels (1.58±0.29
Hz). Above these levels, increases in locus coeruleus discharge rates were not accompanied by similar increases in dialysate norepinephrine concentrations. In general, neither activation nor suppression of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates appeared to alter the relationship between discharge activity and norepinephrine efflux during subsequent epochs. The one exception to this was observed during recovery from relatively high-magnitude locus coeruleus activation. In two out of three cases in which locus coeruleus discharge rates were increased greater than 450%, a recovery of norepinephrine concentrations to basal levels occurred more quickly than the recovery of locus coeruleus neuronal discharge rates to basal levels.
Although limited, these latter observations suggest that dysregulation of norepinephrine release may occur following sustained activation of locus coeruleus at the highest rates examined, which may mimic those associated with intense arousal or stress.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>10501450</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00276-6</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Neuroscience, 1999-08, Vol.93 (4), p.1263-1270 |
| issn | 0306-4522 1873-7544 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Animals Behavior, Animal - physiology bethanechol Bethanechol - pharmacology Biological and medical sciences Brain Chemistry - drug effects Central nervous system clonidine Clonidine - pharmacology Electroencephalography - drug effects Electrophysiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology locus coeruleus Locus Coeruleus - drug effects Locus Coeruleus - physiology Male Microdialysis Neocortex - metabolism norepinephrine Norepinephrine - metabolism Parasympathomimetics - pharmacology prefrontal cortex Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley release Stimulation, Chemical Sympatholytics - pharmacology Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs |
| title | Relationship between locus coeruleus discharge rates and rates of norepinephrine release within neocortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis |
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