Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Annual Ryegrass Silage and Corn Silage with Steam-Flaked or Ground Corn
Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows were used in a 6-wk randomized block design trial with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to determine the effects of feeding ground corn (GC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) in diets based on either annual ryegrass silage (RS) or a 50:50 blend of annual ryegras...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of dairy science 2008-06, Vol.91 (6), p.2417-2422 |
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| creator | Cooke, K.M. Bernard, J.K. West, J.W. |
| description | Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows were used in a 6-wk randomized block design trial with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to determine the effects of feeding ground corn (GC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) in diets based on either annual ryegrass silage (RS) or a 50:50 blend of annual ryegrass and corn silages (BLEND). Experimental diets contained 49.6% forage and were fed as a total mixed ration once daily for 4 wk after a 2-wk preliminary period. No interactions were observed among treatments. Cows fed BLEND consumed more dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) than those fed RS, but total-tract digestibility of OM, NDF, and ADF was greater for RS than for BLEND. No differences in nutrient intake were observed among treatments during wk 4 when nutrient digestibility was measured, but digestibility of DM and OM was greater for SFC than for GC. Cows fed BLEND tended to produce more energy-corrected milk than those fed RS, resulting in improved efficiency (kg of milk per kg of DM intake). When diets were supplemented with SFC, cows consumed less DM and produced more milk that tended to have lower milk fat percentage. Yield of milk protein and efficiency was greatest with SFC compared with GC. Blood glucose and milk urea nitrogen concentrations were similar among treatments, but blood urea nitrogen was greater for cows fed GC compared with those fed SFC. Results of this trial indicate that feeding a blend of annual ryegrass and corn silage is more desirable than feeding diets based on RS as the sole forage. Supplementing diets with SFC improved performance and efficiency compared with GC across forage sources. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3168/jds.2007-0715 |
| format | Article |
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Experimental diets contained 49.6% forage and were fed as a total mixed ration once daily for 4 wk after a 2-wk preliminary period. No interactions were observed among treatments. Cows fed BLEND consumed more dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) than those fed RS, but total-tract digestibility of OM, NDF, and ADF was greater for RS than for BLEND. No differences in nutrient intake were observed among treatments during wk 4 when nutrient digestibility was measured, but digestibility of DM and OM was greater for SFC than for GC. Cows fed BLEND tended to produce more energy-corrected milk than those fed RS, resulting in improved efficiency (kg of milk per kg of DM intake). When diets were supplemented with SFC, cows consumed less DM and produced more milk that tended to have lower milk fat percentage. Yield of milk protein and efficiency was greatest with SFC compared with GC. Blood glucose and milk urea nitrogen concentrations were similar among treatments, but blood urea nitrogen was greater for cows fed GC compared with those fed SFC. Results of this trial indicate that feeding a blend of annual ryegrass and corn silage is more desirable than feeding diets based on RS as the sole forage. Supplementing diets with SFC improved performance and efficiency compared with GC across forage sources.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0302</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3198</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0715</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18487664</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSCAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Savoy, IL: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>acid detergent fiber ; Animal Feed ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - physiology ; Animal productions ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; blood chemistry ; blood glucose ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; Cattle - metabolism ; Cattle - physiology ; corn silage ; dairy cows ; Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage ; Dietary Fiber - metabolism ; Dietary Supplements ; digestibility ; Digestion ; dry matter intake ; Energy Intake - physiology ; Fats - analysis ; feed conversion ; feed processing ; feed rations ; feed supplements ; Female ; flakes ; Food Handling - methods ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; grass silage ; grinding ; ground corn ; Holstein ; lactation ; Lactation - physiology ; Lolium ; Milk - chemistry ; Milk - secretion ; Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams ; milk composition ; milk fat percentage ; milk protein yield ; milk yield ; neutral detergent fiber ; Nitrogen - analysis ; Nutritional Requirements ; organic matter ; Particle Size ; Random Allocation ; ryegrass silage ; Silage ; steam-flaked corn ; Terrestrial animal productions ; urea nitrogen ; Vertebrates ; Zea mays</subject><ispartof>Journal of dairy science, 2008-06, Vol.91 (6), p.2417-2422</ispartof><rights>2008 American Dairy Science Association</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Dairy Science Association Jun 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c490t-9a3494045c116955f9f18364174fdc5c76d9d62fe9a01e769789aa3f1c456ac3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c490t-9a3494045c116955f9f18364174fdc5c76d9d62fe9a01e769789aa3f1c456ac3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0715$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27922,27923,45993</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20368133$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18487664$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cooke, K.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernard, J.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, J.W.</creatorcontrib><title>Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Annual Ryegrass Silage and Corn Silage with Steam-Flaked or Ground Corn</title><title>Journal of dairy science</title><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><description>Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows were used in a 6-wk randomized block design trial with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to determine the effects of feeding ground corn (GC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) in diets based on either annual ryegrass silage (RS) or a 50:50 blend of annual ryegrass and corn silages (BLEND). Experimental diets contained 49.6% forage and were fed as a total mixed ration once daily for 4 wk after a 2-wk preliminary period. No interactions were observed among treatments. Cows fed BLEND consumed more dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) than those fed RS, but total-tract digestibility of OM, NDF, and ADF was greater for RS than for BLEND. No differences in nutrient intake were observed among treatments during wk 4 when nutrient digestibility was measured, but digestibility of DM and OM was greater for SFC than for GC. Cows fed BLEND tended to produce more energy-corrected milk than those fed RS, resulting in improved efficiency (kg of milk per kg of DM intake). When diets were supplemented with SFC, cows consumed less DM and produced more milk that tended to have lower milk fat percentage. Yield of milk protein and efficiency was greatest with SFC compared with GC. Blood glucose and milk urea nitrogen concentrations were similar among treatments, but blood urea nitrogen was greater for cows fed GC compared with those fed SFC. Results of this trial indicate that feeding a blend of annual ryegrass and corn silage is more desirable than feeding diets based on RS as the sole forage. Supplementing diets with SFC improved performance and efficiency compared with GC across forage sources.</description><subject>acid detergent fiber</subject><subject>Animal Feed</subject><subject>Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - physiology</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>blood chemistry</subject><subject>blood glucose</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>Cattle - metabolism</subject><subject>Cattle - physiology</subject><subject>corn silage</subject><subject>dairy cows</subject><subject>Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Dietary Fiber - metabolism</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>digestibility</subject><subject>Digestion</subject><subject>dry matter intake</subject><subject>Energy Intake - physiology</subject><subject>Fats - analysis</subject><subject>feed conversion</subject><subject>feed processing</subject><subject>feed rations</subject><subject>feed supplements</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>flakes</subject><subject>Food Handling - methods</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>grass silage</subject><subject>grinding</subject><subject>ground corn</subject><subject>Holstein</subject><subject>lactation</subject><subject>Lactation - physiology</subject><subject>Lolium</subject><subject>Milk - chemistry</subject><subject>Milk - secretion</subject><subject>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</subject><subject>milk composition</subject><subject>milk fat percentage</subject><subject>milk protein yield</subject><subject>milk yield</subject><subject>neutral detergent fiber</subject><subject>Nitrogen - analysis</subject><subject>Nutritional Requirements</subject><subject>organic matter</subject><subject>Particle Size</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>ryegrass silage</subject><subject>Silage</subject><subject>steam-flaked corn</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>urea nitrogen</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>Zea mays</subject><issn>0022-0302</issn><issn>1525-3198</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1vEzEQhi0EomnhyBVWSOW2xR_rr2MVSEGqBCLlbA1eO3HYXbf2LlH-PV4lUAmJ02ikx-_MPEboFcFXjAj1ftfmK4qxrLEk_AlaEE55zYhWT9ECY0przDA9Q-c570pLKObP0RlRjZJCNAvkvrrkY-phsK6KvvoAIR2qZdznauXa6noYJuiqbwe3SZBztQ4dbFwFQ1uYNPzp92HcVuvRQV-vOvhZHsZU3aQ4nbgX6JmHLruXp3qB7lYf75af6tsvN5-X17e1bTQeaw2s0Q1uuCVEaM699kQx0RDZ-NZyK0WrW0G904CJk0JLpQGYJ7bhAiy7QO-OsfcpPkwuj6YP2bqug8HFKRuJpSBKqgK-_QfcxSkNZTVDNFe0UZoXqD5CNsWck_PmPoUe0sEQbGb3prg3s3szuy_861Po9KN37SN9kl2AyxMA2ULnU5Ee8l-OYiYUYezxjG3YbPchOZN76LoSS-aRmhhhaJFSwDdH0EM0sEkl7PuaYsIwVloxNY-UR8IV67-CSybb4MpftyXWjqaN4T_X_AbQrbMR</recordid><startdate>20080601</startdate><enddate>20080601</enddate><creator>Cooke, K.M.</creator><creator>Bernard, J.K.</creator><creator>West, J.W.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>American Dairy Science Association</general><general>Am Dairy Sci Assoc</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080601</creationdate><title>Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Annual Ryegrass Silage and Corn Silage with Steam-Flaked or Ground Corn</title><author>Cooke, K.M. ; Bernard, J.K. ; West, J.W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c490t-9a3494045c116955f9f18364174fdc5c76d9d62fe9a01e769789aa3f1c456ac3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>acid detergent fiber</topic><topic>Animal Feed</topic><topic>Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - physiology</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>blood chemistry</topic><topic>blood glucose</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>Cattle - metabolism</topic><topic>Cattle - physiology</topic><topic>corn silage</topic><topic>dairy cows</topic><topic>Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Dietary Fiber - metabolism</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>digestibility</topic><topic>Digestion</topic><topic>dry matter intake</topic><topic>Energy Intake - physiology</topic><topic>Fats - analysis</topic><topic>feed conversion</topic><topic>feed processing</topic><topic>feed rations</topic><topic>feed supplements</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>flakes</topic><topic>Food Handling - methods</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>grass silage</topic><topic>grinding</topic><topic>ground corn</topic><topic>Holstein</topic><topic>lactation</topic><topic>Lactation - physiology</topic><topic>Lolium</topic><topic>Milk - chemistry</topic><topic>Milk - secretion</topic><topic>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</topic><topic>milk composition</topic><topic>milk fat percentage</topic><topic>milk protein yield</topic><topic>milk yield</topic><topic>neutral detergent fiber</topic><topic>Nitrogen - analysis</topic><topic>Nutritional Requirements</topic><topic>organic matter</topic><topic>Particle Size</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>ryegrass silage</topic><topic>Silage</topic><topic>steam-flaked corn</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>urea nitrogen</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><topic>Zea mays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cooke, K.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernard, J.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, J.W.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cooke, K.M.</au><au>Bernard, J.K.</au><au>West, J.W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Annual Ryegrass Silage and Corn Silage with Steam-Flaked or Ground Corn</atitle><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><date>2008-06-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>91</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>2417</spage><epage>2422</epage><pages>2417-2422</pages><issn>0022-0302</issn><eissn>1525-3198</eissn><coden>JDSCAE</coden><abstract>Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows were used in a 6-wk randomized block design trial with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to determine the effects of feeding ground corn (GC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) in diets based on either annual ryegrass silage (RS) or a 50:50 blend of annual ryegrass and corn silages (BLEND). Experimental diets contained 49.6% forage and were fed as a total mixed ration once daily for 4 wk after a 2-wk preliminary period. No interactions were observed among treatments. Cows fed BLEND consumed more dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) than those fed RS, but total-tract digestibility of OM, NDF, and ADF was greater for RS than for BLEND. No differences in nutrient intake were observed among treatments during wk 4 when nutrient digestibility was measured, but digestibility of DM and OM was greater for SFC than for GC. Cows fed BLEND tended to produce more energy-corrected milk than those fed RS, resulting in improved efficiency (kg of milk per kg of DM intake). When diets were supplemented with SFC, cows consumed less DM and produced more milk that tended to have lower milk fat percentage. Yield of milk protein and efficiency was greatest with SFC compared with GC. Blood glucose and milk urea nitrogen concentrations were similar among treatments, but blood urea nitrogen was greater for cows fed GC compared with those fed SFC. Results of this trial indicate that feeding a blend of annual ryegrass and corn silage is more desirable than feeding diets based on RS as the sole forage. Supplementing diets with SFC improved performance and efficiency compared with GC across forage sources.</abstract><cop>Savoy, IL</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>18487664</pmid><doi>10.3168/jds.2007-0715</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of dairy science, 2008-06, Vol.91 (6), p.2417-2422 |
| issn | 0022-0302 1525-3198 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | acid detergent fiber Animal Feed Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - physiology Animal productions Animals Biological and medical sciences blood chemistry blood glucose Blood Glucose - metabolism Cattle - metabolism Cattle - physiology corn silage dairy cows Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage Dietary Fiber - metabolism Dietary Supplements digestibility Digestion dry matter intake Energy Intake - physiology Fats - analysis feed conversion feed processing feed rations feed supplements Female flakes Food Handling - methods Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology grass silage grinding ground corn Holstein lactation Lactation - physiology Lolium Milk - chemistry Milk - secretion Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams milk composition milk fat percentage milk protein yield milk yield neutral detergent fiber Nitrogen - analysis Nutritional Requirements organic matter Particle Size Random Allocation ryegrass silage Silage steam-flaked corn Terrestrial animal productions urea nitrogen Vertebrates Zea mays |
| title | Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Annual Ryegrass Silage and Corn Silage with Steam-Flaked or Ground Corn |
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