Risk factors for low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in otherwise healthy children and adolescents
BACKGROUND:Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations serve as a biomarker for vitamin D stores. Prior studies have not examined the risk factors for low vitamin D concentrations in a multiethnic sample of US youth across a broad age range. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to determine the preval...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of clinical nutrition 2007-07, Vol.86 (1), p.150-158 |
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| container_title | The American journal of clinical nutrition |
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| creator | Weng, Francis L Shults, Justine Leonard, Mary B Stallings, Virginia A Zemel, Babette S |
| description | BACKGROUND:Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations serve as a biomarker for vitamin D stores. Prior studies have not examined the risk factors for low vitamin D concentrations in a multiethnic sample of US youth across a broad age range. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with low concentrations of 25(OH)D in children and adolescents. DESIGN:Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in 382 healthy children aged 6-21 y living in the northeastern United States. Dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake was assessed by interview. Fat and lean mass were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with decreased concentrations of 25(OH)D. RESULTS:The median concentration of 25(OH)D was 28 ng/mL (interquartile range: 19-35 ng/mL), and 55% of subjects had 25(OH)D concentrations |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/ajcn/86.1.150 |
| format | Article |
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Prior studies have not examined the risk factors for low vitamin D concentrations in a multiethnic sample of US youth across a broad age range. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with low concentrations of 25(OH)D in children and adolescents. DESIGN:Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in 382 healthy children aged 6-21 y living in the northeastern United States. Dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake was assessed by interview. Fat and lean mass were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with decreased concentrations of 25(OH)D. RESULTS:The median concentration of 25(OH)D was 28 ng/mL (interquartile range: 19-35 ng/mL), and 55% of subjects had 25(OH)D concentrations <30 ng/mL. 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely correlated with parathyroid hormone concentrations (Spearman's r = -0.31, P < 0.001) but were not significantly correlated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations. In the multivariable model, older age (P < 0.001), black race [odds ratio (OR): 14.2; 95% CI: 8.53, 23.5], wintertime study visit (OR: 3.55; 95% CI: 2.29, 5.50), and total daily vitamin D intake <200 IU (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.46) were associated with low vitamin D concentrations. Fat and lean mass were not independently associated with vitamin D status in this healthy-weight sample. CONCLUSION:Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are prevalent in otherwise healthy children and adolescents in the northeastern United States and are related to low vitamin D intake, race, and season.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9165</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-3207</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/86.1.150</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17616775</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJCNAC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: American Society for Nutrition</publisher><subject>25-hydroxyergocalciferol ; Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adolescent ; adolescents ; Adult ; age ; Alkaline Phosphatase - blood ; Biological and medical sciences ; biomarkers ; Blacks ; blood chemistry ; Body Composition ; body fat ; Child ; children ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; ethnic differences ; fat free mass ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; nutrient deficiencies ; nutrient intake ; nutritional status ; parathyroid hormone ; Parathyroid Hormone - blood ; Risk Factors ; seasonal variation ; Seasons ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems ; vitamin D ; Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D - blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency - blood ; vitamin supplements</subject><ispartof>The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2007-07, Vol.86 (1), p.150-158</ispartof><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-7bf50e22597b84131e862d8fb17846525841714425b21220e61901ac6e170b0f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-7bf50e22597b84131e862d8fb17846525841714425b21220e61901ac6e170b0f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18933623$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17616775$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Weng, Francis L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shults, Justine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leonard, Mary B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stallings, Virginia A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zemel, Babette S</creatorcontrib><title>Risk factors for low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in otherwise healthy children and adolescents</title><title>The American journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND:Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations serve as a biomarker for vitamin D stores. Prior studies have not examined the risk factors for low vitamin D concentrations in a multiethnic sample of US youth across a broad age range. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with low concentrations of 25(OH)D in children and adolescents. DESIGN:Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in 382 healthy children aged 6-21 y living in the northeastern United States. Dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake was assessed by interview. Fat and lean mass were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with decreased concentrations of 25(OH)D. RESULTS:The median concentration of 25(OH)D was 28 ng/mL (interquartile range: 19-35 ng/mL), and 55% of subjects had 25(OH)D concentrations <30 ng/mL. 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely correlated with parathyroid hormone concentrations (Spearman's r = -0.31, P < 0.001) but were not significantly correlated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations. In the multivariable model, older age (P < 0.001), black race [odds ratio (OR): 14.2; 95% CI: 8.53, 23.5], wintertime study visit (OR: 3.55; 95% CI: 2.29, 5.50), and total daily vitamin D intake <200 IU (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.46) were associated with low vitamin D concentrations. Fat and lean mass were not independently associated with vitamin D status in this healthy-weight sample. CONCLUSION:Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are prevalent in otherwise healthy children and adolescents in the northeastern United States and are related to low vitamin D intake, race, and season.</description><subject>25-hydroxyergocalciferol</subject><subject>Absorptiometry, Photon</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>adolescents</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>age</subject><subject>Alkaline Phosphatase - blood</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>biomarkers</subject><subject>Blacks</subject><subject>blood chemistry</subject><subject>Body Composition</subject><subject>body fat</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>children</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>ethnic differences</subject><subject>fat free mass</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>nutrient deficiencies</subject><subject>nutrient intake</subject><subject>nutritional status</subject><subject>parathyroid hormone</subject><subject>Parathyroid Hormone - blood</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>seasonal variation</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><subject>vitamin D</subject><subject>Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Vitamin D - blood</subject><subject>Vitamin D Deficiency - blood</subject><subject>vitamin supplements</subject><issn>0002-9165</issn><issn>1938-3207</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpF0Mtv1DAQB2ALgei2cOQKvtBbtjN2_MgRladUCQno2XIcm7hN7GJnKfvfk9Wu1NNIo28e-hHyBmGL0PEre-fSlZZb3KKAZ2SDHdcNZ6Cekw0AsKZDKc7Iea13AMhaLV-SM1QSpVJiQ-5_xHpPg3VLLpWGXOiUH2n1ZTdTJppxP5T8b_83LnaOiX6kLifn01LsEnOqdO3lZfTlMVZPR2-nZdxTN8ZpKD5RmwZqhzz5epipr8iLYKfqX5_qBbn9_OnX9dfm5vuXb9cfbhrXClga1QcBnjHRqV63yNFryQYdelS6lYKJtamwbZnoGTIGXmIHaJ30qKCHwC_I5XHvQ8l_dr4uZo7rB9Nkk8-7ahTIDpTiK2yO0JVca_HBPJQ427I3COaQrjmka7Q0aNZ0V__2tHjXz3540qc4V_D-BGx1dgrFJhfrk9Md55IdDr87umCzsb_Lam5_MkAOoLRSoPl_aVKL-Q</recordid><startdate>20070701</startdate><enddate>20070701</enddate><creator>Weng, Francis L</creator><creator>Shults, Justine</creator><creator>Leonard, Mary B</creator><creator>Stallings, Virginia A</creator><creator>Zemel, Babette S</creator><general>American Society for Nutrition</general><general>American Society for Clinical Nutrition</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070701</creationdate><title>Risk factors for low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in otherwise healthy children and adolescents</title><author>Weng, Francis L ; Shults, Justine ; Leonard, Mary B ; Stallings, Virginia A ; Zemel, Babette S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-7bf50e22597b84131e862d8fb17846525841714425b21220e61901ac6e170b0f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>25-hydroxyergocalciferol</topic><topic>Absorptiometry, Photon</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>adolescents</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>age</topic><topic>Alkaline Phosphatase - blood</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>biomarkers</topic><topic>Blacks</topic><topic>blood chemistry</topic><topic>Body Composition</topic><topic>body fat</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>children</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>ethnic differences</topic><topic>fat free mass</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>nutrient deficiencies</topic><topic>nutrient intake</topic><topic>nutritional status</topic><topic>parathyroid hormone</topic><topic>Parathyroid Hormone - blood</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>seasonal variation</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><topic>vitamin D</topic><topic>Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Vitamin D - blood</topic><topic>Vitamin D Deficiency - blood</topic><topic>vitamin supplements</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Weng, Francis L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shults, Justine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leonard, Mary B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stallings, Virginia A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zemel, Babette S</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Weng, Francis L</au><au>Shults, Justine</au><au>Leonard, Mary B</au><au>Stallings, Virginia A</au><au>Zemel, Babette S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Risk factors for low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in otherwise healthy children and adolescents</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2007-07-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>86</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>150</spage><epage>158</epage><pages>150-158</pages><issn>0002-9165</issn><eissn>1938-3207</eissn><coden>AJCNAC</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND:Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations serve as a biomarker for vitamin D stores. Prior studies have not examined the risk factors for low vitamin D concentrations in a multiethnic sample of US youth across a broad age range. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with low concentrations of 25(OH)D in children and adolescents. DESIGN:Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in 382 healthy children aged 6-21 y living in the northeastern United States. Dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake was assessed by interview. Fat and lean mass were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with decreased concentrations of 25(OH)D. RESULTS:The median concentration of 25(OH)D was 28 ng/mL (interquartile range: 19-35 ng/mL), and 55% of subjects had 25(OH)D concentrations <30 ng/mL. 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely correlated with parathyroid hormone concentrations (Spearman's r = -0.31, P < 0.001) but were not significantly correlated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations. In the multivariable model, older age (P < 0.001), black race [odds ratio (OR): 14.2; 95% CI: 8.53, 23.5], wintertime study visit (OR: 3.55; 95% CI: 2.29, 5.50), and total daily vitamin D intake <200 IU (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.46) were associated with low vitamin D concentrations. Fat and lean mass were not independently associated with vitamin D status in this healthy-weight sample. CONCLUSION:Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are prevalent in otherwise healthy children and adolescents in the northeastern United States and are related to low vitamin D intake, race, and season.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>American Society for Nutrition</pub><pmid>17616775</pmid><doi>10.1093/ajcn/86.1.150</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 25-hydroxyergocalciferol Absorptiometry, Photon Adolescent adolescents Adult age Alkaline Phosphatase - blood Biological and medical sciences biomarkers Blacks blood chemistry Body Composition body fat Child children Cross-Sectional Studies ethnic differences fat free mass Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Logistic Models Male Multivariate Analysis nutrient deficiencies nutrient intake nutritional status parathyroid hormone Parathyroid Hormone - blood Risk Factors seasonal variation Seasons Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems vitamin D Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives Vitamin D - blood Vitamin D Deficiency - blood vitamin supplements |
| title | Risk factors for low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in otherwise healthy children and adolescents |
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